Abstract: The invention relates to working electrode for an electrodynamic fragmenting installation. The working electrode comprises an insulator (1) with a central conductor (2), which axially passes through the insulator (1) and carries at its working end an electrode tip (3) which is formed by an exchangeable changing part (4) and adjoins a stop area (6) of the central conductor (2) with a contact area (5) under axial compressive prestress. The invention makes it possible to provide working electrodes for electrodynamic fragmenting installations in which the electrode tips can be exchanged in a simple manner and which can be operated practically without maintenance over a long period of time even in case of great pressure pulsations.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement with a high voltage electrode (1) and a process vessel (2) assigned to the high voltage electrode (1), wherein the high voltage electrode (1) and the process vessel (2) can be positioned relative to each other in such a manner that the high voltage electrode (1) with its operational electrode end (5) in an operating position is immersed in the process vessel (2) and in a non-operating position is located outside the process vessel (2). Furthermore, the arrangement includes a grounding device (3), which is designed in such a manner that upon a positioning in the non-operating position it automatically is brought into contact with the operational electrode end (5) for grounding the high voltage electrode (1).

Abstract: The invention relates to a sample holder having an insulation body (10; 50) and a first electrode (3; 33) and a second electrode (4; 34), wherein the first electrode (3; 33) and the second electrode (4; 34) project into the sample container (2; 32), the first electrode (3; 33) and the second electrode (4; 34) are connected to each other via the insulation body (10; 50), the sample container (2; 32) is filled with a dielectric liquid (5; 35), and the first electrode (3; 33) is assigned to a gas collection chamber (6; 36). The invention further relates to an assembly for the electrodynamic fragmentation of samples (38), having such a sample container (2; 32), a process container (22; 41), and means (24, 27; 39, 39.1, 39.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement with a high voltage electrode (1) and a process vessel (2) assigned to the high voltage electrode (1), wherein the high voltage electrode (1) and the process vessel (2) can be positioned relative to each other in such a manner that the high voltage electrode (1) with its operational electrode end (5) in an operating position is immersed in the process vessel (2) and in a non-operating position is located outside the process vessel (2). Furthermore the arrangement comprises a grounding device (3) which is designed in such a manner that upon a positioning in the non-operating position it automatically is brought into contact with the operational electrode end (5) for grounding the high voltage electrode (1).

Abstract: The invention relates to working electrode for an electrodynamic fragmenting installation. The working electrode comprises an insulator (1) with a central conductor (2), which axially passes through the insulator (1) and carries at its working end an electrode tip (3) which is formed by an exchangeable changing part (4) and adjoins a stop area (6) of the central conductor (2) with a contact area (5) under axial compressive prestress. The invention makes it possible to provide working electrodes for electrodynamic fragmenting installations in which the electrode tips can be exchanged in a simple manner and which can be operated practically without maintenance over a long period of time even in case of great pressure pulsations.

Abstract: A solid composition consisting essentially of 5-98 parts by weight of heterocyclic compounds I where L1 is groups with a cyclic carbamate, a lactonoxy or a lactam structure, X is a carbonyl, a doubled carbonyl or a heterocarbonyl group, and R1 is an organic radical or a second moiety L1, and/or oxime esters II where L2 is an oxime moiety where R2, R3 and Z4 are organic radicals or linkers, L3 is the radical R1, a second oxime moiety L2 or a carboxylic ester residue, carboxamide residue, phenolate residue, vinyloxy radical, sulfonamide residue, imidazole residue, amidolactam residue, cyclic carbamate residue, lactonoxy residue or lactam residue, and m is 0 or 1, and 2-95 parts by weight of inert porous carrier materials with an internal surface area of from 10 to 500 m2/g. The solid composition described is suitable as stable bleach activator component in detergents, bleaches and cleaners.

Abstract: A pipe-drilling fitting for a medium-conveying pipe, comprising a housing which has a drilling stub, which can be fitted at an angle to the pipe axis, for drilling into the pipe wall, and a branch stub which is arranged at an angle to the drilling stub, a rotationally actuable cutting bush being arranged in the drilling stub, the cutting bush and the drilling stub having mutually complementary screw threads, and at least one sealing means for sealing the medium-conveying pipe with respect to the outside being provided between the drilling stub and the cutting bush, in which fitting the sealing means is arranged in the cutting bush on an external diameter which is significantly smaller than the internal diameter of the complementary screw threads.

Abstract: A process for operating a fuel cell installation and a fuel cell installation for carrying out the process include at least one fuel cell block. A process gas for the fuel cell block is fed into the fuel cell block with a liquid ring compressor. In this way, the process gas is humidified at the same time as it is compressed, thus using the compression heat simultaneously as evaporation enthalpy, as well as the heat from the cooling circuit of the fuel cell stack.

Abstract: Heterocyclic compounds IR.sup.1 --X--L (I)whereL is a cyclic carbamate residue, a lactonoxy residue or a lactam residue,X is an oxygen-containing group ##STR1## where A is a linker, and R.sup.1 is an organic radical or a group L,are used as activators for inorganic peroxy compounds, in particular as cold bleach activators or optical brighteners in detergents, cleaners and bleaches and in disinfectants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a conversion kit for converting a machine designed for intravascular injection of solutions, such as parenteral solutions, using high-pressure syringes, to a machine that can be used for injection using smaller manual syringes. The conversion kit, includes at least one conversion vessel (13) for releasable but substantially non-rotary reception of a high-pressure syringe with a cylindrical guide (19) formed through a receiving head (14) of the conversion vessel (13) and a recess (17) formed in the upper surface of the receiving head (14). The recess (17) may also receive the radial end regions of wing extensions of a manual syringe of predetermined size. The conversion kit also includes at least one reducing sleeve (23) for reducing the effective inner diameter of the guide (19), the reducing sleeve (23) adapted to snugly receive the outer diameter of a manual syringe (12).

Abstract: A process for preparing quaternized glycine nitriles of formula I ##STR1## comprising reaction of the corresponding precursor amine, aldehyde, hydrocyanic acid or alkali metal cyanide, and subsequent quaternization with an alkylating agent, wherein the reaction and quaternization are carried out successively in aqueous medium without isolation of an intermediate.

Abstract: A process for the manufacturing a fiber optic depolarizer as well as an arrangement of that type uses two optical fiber sections which obtain the polarization planes of the light and which are connected with one another in such a manner that the principal axes of the optical fiber sections enclose an angle of 45.degree.. An optical fiber piece which obtains no polarization is inserted between the optical fiber sections whose principal axes enclose an angle of 45.degree., in that the optical fiber sections and the optical fiber piece are fixed to one another at their connecting areas. The principal axis orientations of the optical fiber sections are adjusted in such a manner that, in the case of a firm positioning of one of the two connecting areas by the torsional twisting of the other connecting area, an angle of 45.degree. is adjusted.

Abstract: A sagnac-type fiber optic gyroscope in which depolarizers are connected to both ends of the fiber coil and are then connected with the outputs of a 3.times.3 directional coupler.

Abstract: For the production of a gaseous mixture contains chlorine dioxide and chlorine, alkali chlorate in an aqueous solution with acid is reacted in a reactor. The reactor comprises a plurality of superimposed reaction levels which are traversed by the solution from top to bottom. In the lower portion of the reactor the solution in which chlorate and acid have been depleted is reboiled in a reboiling chamber by an indirect heating at a temperature in the range from 100.degree. to 110.degree. C. The depleted solution is conducted from the reboiling chamber to a pressure chamber, in which a pressure of at least 1.2 bar is maintained. In the pressure chamber the solution is reboiled at temperatures from 110.degree. to 150.degree. C. and the vapors formed by the reboiling in the pressure chamber are conducted through the reboiling chamber for an indirect heating therein.

Abstract: A high-energy TE laser system, includes an excitation circuit, a laser head having an optical axis, a laser chamber with a gas space formed therein, at least two laser electrodes being disposed opposite each other and spaced apart in the laser chamber parallel to the optical axis of the laser head for producing an arc-free capacitor discharge between the electrodes being as homogenous as possible in the gas space for excitation, at least one rapid high-voltage switch, a pulse-forming network connected to the rapid high-voltage switch for producing high-voltage pulses at the laser electrodes with the rapid high-voltage switch, the pulse-forming network including first and second strip conductor capacitors respectively associated with the rapid high-voltage switch and with the laser head, the strip conductor capacitors including plates and dielectric layers disposed between the plates extended substantially normal to the optical axis of the laser head, forming a capacitor stack stacked substantially parallel to

Abstract: A chemically modified and activated, hydroxyl-group-containing, natural or synthetic, polymeric solid body surface is disclosed, as well as a process for the activation of such solid body surfaces by means of organo-silanes and, if necessary, homo- or heterobifunctional reagent. The surfaces are used for the stable, simple and economical binding of proteins, nucleic acids, low-molecular ligands, cells, microorganisms and other biological materials, in biology, biotechnology and medicine.

Abstract: Integrated resonator matrix for wavelength-selective separation or joining of channels in the frequency domain of optical communications technology.Arrangement of optical resonators which are composed of dielectric waveguides which are mirrored at their ends predominantly with reflectors having high reflection factors close to the value one and whose longitudinal extent between the reflectors is great in comparison to the transverse dimensions perpendicular thereto, all optical resonators are integrated such on a substrate to form a matrix-like arrangement, referred to as resonator matrix.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for laser-beam welding of longitudinal seams in container bodies feature overlapping longitudinal ends of a metal sheet, the length of the transverse ends of which exceeds a predetermiined circumferential dimension for the container body, into such a position relative to one another that they form an acute angle and define an angular opening, and the edge of one longitudinal end is oriented toward the inner face of the other longitudinal end. At least one focused laser beam, which is capable of relative movement with respect to this angular opening and parallel to the longitudinal ends, is aimed into the angular opening and locally melts portions of the longitudinal ends. The locally-molten longitudinal end portions are pressed against one another before they drop below the welding temperature to form a welded longitudinal seam.

Abstract: Process for arc fusion welding under atmospheric conditions of a base material which is a nitrogen alloyed steel, in which the bulk share of nitrogen in the steel is above its solubility limit under atmospheric conditions. The nitrogen released during the melting of the base material is confined to the melting bath formed during the welding.

Abstract: The process consists in that two comparison tube sections (3; 4), which originate from a single condenser tube and of which one (3) is left in the corroded condition and/or the condition encrusted by mineral deposits and the other (4) is brought into the new condition by etching or other cleaning procedures, are conductively connected in series, and cooling water flows through them and they are heated from the outside in a condenser chamber in each case (1 and 2 respectively) by steam flows of equal power. The temperatures (t.sub.1, t.sub.2 and t.sub.3, t.sub.4 respectively) measured at the inlet and outlet positions of the comparison tube sections (3; 4), the measured values of the mass flow of cooling water (M.sub.w) and the steam temperatures (t.sub.f ; t.sub.b) and the heat flows (Q.sub.kf =Q.sub.kb) in the two condenser chambers (1 and 2 respectively) permit the determination of the thermal resistance (R.sub.