Abstract: A component carrier includes (a) a base structure having a surface with a surface profile; (b) a first dielectric layer formed on the surface of the base structure and (c) a second dielectric layer formed on the first dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer has a first main surface with a first surface profile. The first main surface faces away from the surface of the base structure. The first surface profile corresponds to the surface profile of the base structure. The second dielectric layer includes a second main surface with a second surface profile. The second main surface faces away from the surface of the base structure. The second surface profile differs from the surface profile of the base structure. A manufacturing method uses an auxiliary sheet for pressing the first dielectric layer on the main surface. The auxiliary sheet is removed before pressing the second dielectric layer.

Abstract: A component carrier includes (a) a base structure having a surface with a surface profile; (b) a first dielectric layer formed on the surface of the base structure and (c) a second dielectric layer formed on the first dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer has a first main surface with a first surface profile. The first main surface faces away from the surface of the base structure. The first surface profile corresponds to the surface profile of the base structure. The second dielectric layer includes a second main surface with a second surface profile. The second main surface faces away from the surface of the base structure. The second surface profile differs from the surface profile of the base structure. A manufacturing method uses an auxiliary sheet for pressing the first dielectric layer on the main surface. The auxiliary sheet is removed before pressing the second dielectric layer.

Abstract: Corrosion inhibitors containing a mixture of one or more water soluble tetraborate salts and one or more water soluble condensed phosphate salts are non-toxic and are more effective than either of the components alone. These compositions containing both tetraborates and condensed phosphates are also more effective than such prior art inhibitors as nitrites and ethanolamine-based inhibitors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for phosphating metal surfaces, and more specifically of surfaces of iron, zinc, and aluminum and the alloys thereof as a pretreatment for cold working wherein the surfaces without previous activation are contacted in a temperature range of from 30.degree. C. to 70.degree. C. with an aqueous solution containing(a) from 10 to 40 g/l of Ca.sup.2+ ions,(b) from 10 to 40 g/l of Zn.sup.2+ ions,(c) from 10 to 100 g/l of OP.sub.4.sup.3- ionsand, as accelerator,(d) from 10 to 100 g/l of NO.sub.3.sup.- ions and/or(e) from 0.1 to 2.0 g/l of organic nitro compounds,said solution exhibiting a pH value in the range of from 2.0 to 3.8 and a ratio of free acid to total acid of from 1:4 to 1:100.

Abstract: An improved friction-welding process for effecting a joint between steel and nodular graphite-containing cast iron by using (i) a short friction-generating time so as to minimize diffusion of carbon into steel and (ii) an elevated forging pressure so as to effect a quantitative ejection of carburized melt but avoid formation of a weld laminate, is provided, as well as a nodular graphite-containing cast iron of grade 40.3 S, suitable for use in friction-welding and comprising about 280-320 graphite nodules per mm.sup.2, 280-300 ferrite grains per mm.sup.2 and a spherulite proportion of about at least 95% by weight of the graphite precipitations.

Abstract: A method for activating a metal surface during a phosphating process by treating the surface with an activating solution containing titanium ions, phosphate ions, and borate ions, after initial cleaning and rinsing but before phosphation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for phosphatizing metal surfaces with an acidic phosphatizing solution containing zinc ions, calcium ions, phosphate ions and accelerators and, optionally, other additives, characterized in that, after degreasing and without activation, the metal surfaces are brought into contact at 30.degree. to 65.degree. C. with solutions which contain Zn.sup.2+, Ca.sup.2+, PO.sub.4.sup.3- and, as accelerators, nitrate and/or nitrite and/or chlorate ions and/or an organic nitro compound and/or H.sub.2 O.sub.2 or an inorganic peroxide and which have a pH-value of from 2.2 to 3.8, a ratio of free acid to toal acid of from 1:10 to 1:60 and a ratio by weight of (Ca.sup.2+ +Zn.sup.2+) to PO.sub.4.sup.3- of from 1:>8 to 1:40, and to the use of this process for pretreating the metal surfaces for painting by electrodeposition, particularly by cathodic electrodeposition.

Abstract: A composition for the after-passivation of phosphated metal surfaces and a method for its use, the composition containing at least one water soluble salt of tetravalent titanium or divalent manganese, cobalt, nickel or copper.

Abstract: A process for phosphating metal surfaces, particularly iron, steel and zinc-plated steel, by treating them with aqueous, acidic zinc phosphate baths at only moderately elevated temperatures in the range of from 22.degree. to 38.degree. C. The baths used have 2 to 6 g/l of Zn; 4 to 23 g/l of PO.sub.4.sup.3- ; a free acid content of 0.05 to 0.4 points; and a pH-value of 3.0 to 4.0. The ratio of Zn to PO.sub.4.sup.3- is preferably in the range from 1:2 to 1:11. The baths can advantageously contain nickel-(II)-ions, with a nickel content not exceeding a Zn:Ni ratio of 1:0.5. This process gives iron-containing zinc phosphate layers having an iron content of from 5 to 20% by weight and is particularly useful for pretreatment for subsequent cathodic electro-dip-lacquering.