Abstract: A running gear for a low floor rail vehicle includes a frame, a single pair of independent left and right wheels, and a single pair of left and right rotation bearings attached to the frame that allow the left and right wheels to independently spin about a left and right spin axis, respectively. The running gear further includes a secondary suspension resting on the frame for supporting a vehicle body of the rail vehicle and lateral stop means fixed to the frame for laterally guiding the vehicle body of the rail vehicle. The lateral stop means includes a left and a right contact face facing a left and a right, respectively, transverse direction parallel to the transverse reference axis. The left and right contact faces are located between the left and right wheels.

Abstract: A wheel arrangement for a rail vehicle, such as a light rail vehicle, can include a wheel unit and an axle unit. The axle unit can be connected to a running gear structure of the rail vehicle. The axle unit can rotatably support the wheel unit. The axle unit can have a wheel bearing unit that forms a bearing for the wheel unit and defines a wheel axis of rotation of the wheel unit during operation of the rail vehicle. The axle unit can also have a wheel support unit and a primary suspension unit. The primary suspension unit can be located kinematically in series between the wheel support unit and the wheel bearing unit such that the wheel support unit supports the wheel bearing unit via the primary suspension unit in a manner resilient in at least two mutually transverse translational degrees of freedom.

Abstract: A running gear for a low floor rail vehicle includes a frame, a single pair of independent left and right wheels, and a single pair of left and right rotation bearings attached to the frame that allow the left and right wheels to independently spin about a left and right spin axis, respectively. The running gear further includes a secondary suspension resting on the frame for supporting a vehicle body of the rail vehicle and lateral stop means fixed to the frame for laterally guiding the vehicle body of the rail vehicle. The lateral stop means includes a left and a right contact face facing a left and a right, respectively, transverse direction parallel to the transverse reference axis. The left and right contact faces are located between the left and right wheels.

Abstract: A method for producing a dental drilling template from a blank comprising a pilot borehole and a contact surface using a fabricating device and a virtual 3D drilling template model of the drilling template, said virtual 3D drilling template model comprising a virtual pilot borehole extending along a pilot borehole axis and a virtual contact surface. The method comprises virtually disposing said virtual 3D drilling template model within a 3D blank model of the blank to machine the drilling template from the blank in accordance with the shape and position of said virtual 3D drilling template model within said 3D blank model and applying a mark at a penetration point relevant to said pilot borehole axis on an external surface of said 3D blank model.

Abstract: A system for a dental superstructure to be attached to an implant using a digital model description of a shape of the superstructure, the superstructure including first and second elements. The system comprises a computing device arranged to (a) analyze a recorded real clinical situation or shaped clinical situation of an implant axis and insertion axis, (b) compute a shape of the dental superstructure based at least in part on the determined implant axis, (c) generate digital data representing the shape of the superstructure, and (d) separate the computed shape into first digital data representing a shape of the first element to be connected to the implant and second digital data representing a shape of the second element to be connected to the first element, the shape of the first element being optimized, at least in part, based on a tilt angle between the determined implant axis and insertion axis.

Abstract: A method for producing a dental drilling template from a blank comprising a pilot borehole and a contact surface using a fabricating device and a virtual 3D drilling template model of the drilling template, said virtual 3D drilling template model comprising a virtual pilot borehole extending along a pilot borehole axis and a virtual contact surface. The method comprises virtually disposing said virtual 3D drilling template model within a 3D blank model of the blank to machine the drilling template from the blank in accordance with the shape and position of said virtual 3D drilling template model within said 3D blank model and applying a mark at a penetration point relevant to said pilot borehole axis on an external surface of said 3D blank model.

Abstract: A system for a dental superstructure to be attached to an implant using a digital model description of a shape of the superstructure, the superstructure including first and second elements. The system comprises a computing device arranged to (a) analyze a recorded real clinical situation or shaped clinical situation of an implant axis and insertion axis, (b) compute a shape of the dental superstructure based at least in part on the determined implant axis, (c) generate digital data representing the shape of the superstructure, and (d) separate the computed shape into first digital data representing a shape of the first element to be connected to the implant and second digital data representing a shape of the second element to be connected to the first element, the shape of the first element being optimized, at least in part, based on a tilt angle between the determined implant axis and insertion axis.

Abstract: A running gear frame for a running gear of a rail vehicle with a frame body, which is configured to be supported at least on one wheel unit of the running gear. The frame body has two longitudinal beams extending in a longitudinal direction of the running gear and at least one transverse beam extending in a transverse direction of the running gear. The transverse beam substantially rigidly connects the two longitudinal beams to each other. The frame body is at least partially made of grey cast iron material.

Abstract: The invention relates to holding means for a blank for the production of dental fitted shells, including connection geometry for the blank and a shaft for attachment thereof in a chuck of a processing machine. The holding means has, above the shaft, survey geometry, the orientation of the connection geometry relative to the survey geometry being known.

Abstract: A system for a dental superstructure to be attached to an implant using a digital model description of a shape of the superstructure, the superstructure including first and second elements. The system comprises a computing device arranged to (a) analyze a recorded real clinical situation or shaped clinical situation of an implant axis and insertion axis, (b) compute a shape of the dental superstructure based at least in part on the determined implant axis, (c) generate digital data representing the shape of the superstructure, and (d) separate the computed shape into first digital data representing a shape of the first element to be connected to the implant and second digital data representing a shape of the second element to be connected to the first element, the shape of the first element being optimized, at least in part, based on a tilt angle between the determined implant axis and insertion axis.

Abstract: A system for a dental superstructure to be attached to an implant using a digital model description of a shape of the superstructure, the superstructure including first and second elements. The system comprises a computing device arranged to (a) analyze a recorded real clinical situation or shaped clinical situation of an implant axis and insertion axis, (b) compute a shape of the dental superstructure based at least in part on the determined implant axis, (c) generate digital data representing the shape of the superstructure, and (d) separate the computed shape into first digital data representing a shape of the first element to be connected to the implant and second digital data representing a shape of the second element to be connected to the first element, the shape of the first element being optimized, at least in part, based on a tilt angle between the determined implant axis and insertion axis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for automatically creating a dental superstructure for joining to an implant based on a digital model description of the shape. To this end: the actual clinical situation or an arranged clinical situation of the implant (3; 13) is recorded in the form of digital data; this situation is analyzed; the implant axis (5; 16) is determined; the optimal shape of the superstructure (1, 2) is calculated while taking a set of structural rules into account, and; a production machine is used for producing the individual parts from at least one blank (11) based on the digital data.

Abstract: A running gear frame for a running gear of a rail vehicle with a frame body, which is configured to be supported at least on one wheel unit of the running gear. The frame body has two longitudinal beams extending in a longitudinal direction of the running gear and at least one transverse beam extending in a transverse direction of the running gear. The transverse beam substantially rigidly connects the two longitudinal beams to each other. The frame body is at least partially made of grey cast iron material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for automatically creating a dental superstructure for joining to an implant based on a digital model description of the shape. To this end: the actual clinical situation or an arranged clinical situation of the implant (3; 13) is recorded in the form of digital data; this situation is analyzed; the implant axis (5; 16) is determined; the optimal shape of the superstructure (1, 2) is calculated while taking a set of structural rules into account, and; a production machine is used for producing the individual parts from at least one blank (11) based on the digital data.

Abstract: A method for detecting and representing one or more objects, such as teeth, their preparations and their immediate environment, using a camera. A first recording is made wherein a still image is produced. The still image is blended into a current, mobile search image in at least one sub-area in the second step, so that both images are recognizable. In the third step, the camera is positioned in such a way that the search image overlaps the blended-in still image in at least one sub-area. The second recording process is initiated in a fourth step.

Abstract: A method for determining the position and orientation of the axis of a dental implant disposed directly in the mouth of a patient wherein measurement data is obtained by measurement of the clinical situation of the implant in the patient's mouth, a first shape to be measured is applied to the implant, the shape is formed in such a manner that a conclusion can be made about the position and orientation of a connection shape of the implant, and the position and orientation of the first shape is analyzed through a suitable method. Furthermore, the relative position and orientation of the area between the axis of the dental implant and the axis of the measurement is defined through the specific position of the first shape. The position and orientation of the connection shape and of the implant itself is determined through the first shape.

Abstract: The invention relates to holding means for a blank for the production of dental fitted shells, including connection geometry for the blank and a shaft for attachment thereof in a chuck of a processing machine. The holding means has, above the shaft, survey geometry, the orientation of the connection geometry relative to the survey geometry being known.

Abstract: A vehicle wheel includes a wheel hub rotatably mounted on a stationary axle and a running tread, tire or the like connected with the wheel hub. A device for connecting structural components such as, for instance, a transmission part or a brake disk, for the purpose of transmitting a torque between the wheel hub and the structural component to be connected is provided on the external end face of the wheel hub. In order to provide a modularly designed vehicle wheel easy to mount and dismount, the device for connecting structural components is applicable facultatively and a fastening device spacially separated from the device for facultatively connecting structural components is provided on the external end face of the wheel hub. The vehicle wheel may be designed as a driven wheel or a loose wheel with or without brake. By separating torque transmission and power transmission, mounting and dismounting of the vehicle wheel is substantially facilitated.