Abstract: A reflector element and a method for manufacturing a reflector element are disclosed. In an embodiment the reflector element includes a plastic substrate and a silver layer arranged on the plastic substrate. The reflector element further includes a first barrier layer arranged on the silver layer, wherein the barrier layer has an at least 15 nm-thick oxide layer and a second barrier layer arranged on the first barrier layer, wherein the barrier layer includes siloxane, and wherein a thickness of the second barrier layer is at least 250 nm and at most 450 nm.

Abstract: A reflector element and a method for manufacturing a reflector element are disclosed. In an embodiment the reflector element includes a plastic substrate and a silver layer arranged on the plastic substrate. The reflector element further includes a first barrier layer arranged on the silver layer, wherein the barrier layer has an at least 15 nm-thick oxide layer and a second barrier layer arranged on the first barrier layer, wherein the barrier layer includes siloxane, and wherein a thickness of the second barrier layer is at least 250 nm and at most 450 nm.

Abstract: In some aspects, a power supply system for a plasma application and/or an induction heating system includes at least two controllable power generators of different types. Each controllable power generator includes an associated identifier, and at least one operating unit for controlling at least one of the power generators, the operating unit includes an operating application to import the respective identifiers from the power generators that are connected to the operating application, and based on generator-specific configuration data that are stored for each power generator and the identifiers, the operating application constructs a graphic user interface on a display device of the operating unit.

Abstract: In some aspects, a power supply system for a plasma application and/or an induction heating system includes at least two controllable power generators of different types. Each controllable power generator includes an associated identifier, and at least one operating unit for controlling at least one of the power generators, the operating unit includes an operating application to import the respective identifiers from the power generators that are connected to the operating application, and based on generator-specific configuration data that are stored for each power generator and the identifiers, the operating application constructs a graphic user interface on a display device of the operating unit.

Abstract: A method for measuring a fill level of a fill substance in a container and for monitoring at least one predetermined fill level (LMIN, LMAX), using a fill level measuring device working according to the travel-time principle, as well as a corresponding fill level measuring device, wherein the monitoring satisfies high safety standards, wherein, in each measuring cycle, transmission signals (S) are sent toward the fill substance and their echo signals (E) are received, the fill level is determined, based on the echo signals (E), in a first evaluation method, and it is determined, based on the echo signals (E), in a second evaluation method independent of the first evaluation method, whether the fill level exceeds or falls beneath the predetermined fill levels (LMIN, LMAX).

Abstract: A method for measuring a fill level (7) of a fill substance (1) in a container (3) and for monitoring at least one predetermined fill level (LMIN, LMAX), using a fill level measuring device (5) working according to the travel-time principle, as well as a corresponding fill level measuring device (5), wherein the monitoring satisfies high safety standards, wherein, in each measuring cycle, transmission signals (S) are sent toward the fill substance (1) and their echo signals (E) are received, the fill level (7) is determined, based on the echo signals (E), in a first evaluation method, and it is determined, based on the echo signals (E), in a second evaluation method independent of the first evaluation method, whether the fill level exceeds or falls beneath the predetermined fill levels (LMIN, LMAX).

Abstract: A lamp includes a transparent envelope having a first region defining an enclosed interior volume and a closure region adjacent to the first region, a light source in the interior volume and electrically coupled through the closure region, an interference filter coating on the exterior of the first region, and a light absorbing coating that is 7–40 nanometers thick on the exterior of the first region, except in a ring-shaped portion adjacent to the closure region that has a thickness of 50–200 nanometers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lamp comprising a transparent envelope having a first region defining an enclosed interior volume, and a closure region adjacent said first region, a light source located in said interior volume and electrically coupled to the exterior through said closure region, an interference filter coating formed on the exterior of said first region, said interference filter coating defining a spectral region of transparency, a light absorbing coating formed on the exterior of said first region, wherein said light absorbing coating comprises a ring-shaped portion having a layer thickness of at least 20 nanometer.

Abstract: The invention relates to an incandescent lamp whose lamp vessel (20) has an interference filter (30) with locally differing layer thickness for producing red light. The interference filter (30) has a second absorber layer and additional layers of low optical refraction and high optical refraction for reducing its transmission in the violet, blue and green spectral regions.

Abstract: The invention relates to an incandescent lamp whose lamp vessel (20) has an interference filter (30) with locally differing layer thickness for producing red light. The interference filter (30) has a second absorber layer and additional layers of low optical refraction and high optical refraction for reducing its transmission in the violet, blue and green spectral regions.