Abstract: The invention relates to a device for holding and fastening a bus bar (1) to a substrate (2), in particular to a metallic housing (10), having: a metallic supporting body (3) for supporting the bus bar (1) on the substrate (2), a thermally conductive and electrically insulating intermediate layer (4) for arrangement between the supporting body (3) and the substrate (2), a holding element (6) which can be fixed to the substrate (2) with the aid of a fastener (5), and a clamping and/or resilient element (7) for applying a preloading force to the supporting body (3) in the direction of the substrate (2) directly or indirectly via the holding element (6). The invention also relates to a metallic housing (10) having a device according to the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a humidification device (1) for a fuel cell system (2), comprising an inlet (3) and an outlet (4) for a first medium to be humidified, preferably cathode supply air, and an inlet (5) and an outlet (6) for an aqueous second medium, preferably cathode exhaust air. According to the invention, the humidification device (1) is modularly designed and has at least one module element (11, 12, 13) into which at least one shut-off valve (7, 8) and/or at least one bypass valve (9, 10) is or are integrated. The invention furthermore relates to a fuel cell system (2) having a humidification device (1) according to the invention.

Abstract: A protective switching device is disclosed for monitoring the electrical current flow to an electrical user, including a switching functionality, an excess current triggering functionality and a short circuit triggering functionality. In at least one embodiment, the protective switching device includes a first microcontroller with a first input signal filter, wherein the first microcontroller is configured for monitoring the excess current triggering functionality and wherein a second microcontroller is provided with a second input signal filter that is configured for monitoring the short circuit triggering functionality, wherein the two input signal filters are designed differently, and wherein the switching functionality is provided in one of the two microcontrollers. A method is further disclosed for monitoring the electrical current flow to an electrical user by way of a protective switching device.

Abstract: A protective switching device is disclosed for monitoring the electrical current flow to an electrical user, including a switching functionality, an excess current triggering functionality and a short circuit triggering functionality. In at least one embodiment, the protective switching device includes a first microcontroller with a first input signal filter, wherein the first microcontroller is configured for monitoring the excess current triggering functionality and wherein a second microcontroller is provided with a second input signal filter that is configured for monitoring the short circuit triggering functionality, wherein the two input signal filters are designed differently, and wherein the switching functionality is provided in one of the two microcontrollers. A method is further disclosed for monitoring the electrical current flow to an electrical user by way of a protective switching device.

Abstract: A device and a method for differentiating between a person sitting on the seat surface of a vehicle seat and an object such as, for example, a child seat. The device has a cushion provided with weight sensors which are distributed over the seat surface in a plane manner, first weight sensors being arranged in a central region and second weight sensors being arranged on the edge of the seat surface. At least one central weight sensor is differentiated from a plurality of second weight sensors on the edge of the seat surface in that it always emits a comparatively low sensor signal when subjected to the same weight load.

Abstract: A device and a method for differentiating between a person sitting on the seat surface of a vehicle seat and an object such as, for example, a child seat. The device has a cushion provided with weight sensors which are distributed over the seat surface in a plane manner, first weight sensors being arranged in a central region and second weight sensors being arranged on the edge of the seat surface. At least one central weight sensor is differentiated from a plurality of second weight sensors on the edge of the seat surface in that it always emits a comparatively low sensor signal when subjected to the same weight load.

Abstract: A protective switching device, such as a differential-current circuit breaker, having a corebalance transformer which monitors a line network and which, via a tripping circuit and an actuation circuit, actuates a release which is coupled to a switching mechanism in order to operate a power breaker. The invention provides that a tripping circuit, which can be tripped by means of a remote tripping signal, is connected to a transformer which can be actuated on the secondary side and whose primary side is connected to an actuation circuit of the release for remote tripping of the protective switching device.

Abstract: A fault current detection system is provided. The detection system detects a fault current generated on a conductive path supplying power to an electric device and prevents the fault current from being supplied to the electric device. In particular, the detection system contains a detector, a switch, and a controller. The detector detects a fault current generated on the conductive path and outputs a corresponding detection signal. The controller inputs the detection signal and determines predetermined characteristics of the fault current based on said detection signal. Then, the controller identifies the fault current as a first type of fault current based on the predetermined characteristics and sets a trigger current to a first trigger current value when the fault current is identified as the first type of fault current.

Abstract: Two detection systems are provided for a protective device, in particular an FI protective device, having a core balance transformer whose secondary winding is followed by a tripping relay for operating a switching mechanism, which switches a conductor network. In this case, a first detection system carries out the tripping function for fault currents at a fault current frequency below a changeover frequency. The second detection system carries out the tripping function for fault currents above the changeover frequency. The changeover frequency is in this case preferably not less than 1 kHz.

Abstract: A fault or differential current detection system is provided. The detection system detects a fault or differential current generated on a conductive path supplying power to an electric device and prevents the fault or differential current from being supplied to the electric device. The detection system comprises a detector, a switch, and a controller. The detector detects a detected current generated on the conductive path and outputs a corresponding detection signal. The controller inputs the detection signal and determines if the detected current is greater than or equal to a first predetermined current threshold based on the detection signal. Then, the controller refrains from outputting a control signal to the switch for a predetermined delay period after the detected current becomes greater than or equal to the first predetermined current threshold.

Abstract: A protective device against fault currents includes a triggering arrangement for performing at least the functions of detecting a fault current and/or triggering power-down of the network to be protected. The triggering arrangement, outside the most strict quartic curve (A), corresponds to the protection of persons in case of indirect contact, and below the triggering quartic curve (B), corresponds to protection against fire. The triggering quartic curve (B) satisfies the relationship: ILimit(f)/I&Dgr;n=F(f)=B=const., wherein ILimit(f)=WFire/UNetwork.

Abstract: A demodulator of an evaluating unit for a device for detecting objects derives a useful signal from a supplied input signal with the aid of a carrier signal. The demodulator further derives a test signal with the aid of a modulated carrier signal. An evaluator detects as a function of the useful signal whether an object is being detected and, as a function of the test signal the functionality of the device.

Abstract: A residual current device includes a residual current tripping circuit for actuating a release, and an additional monitoring device for checking the release, in which case a device is provided for electrically decoupling the residual current tripping circuit from the monitoring device.

Abstract: A socket-outlet, in which, only in response to preselected loads, voltage from the supply-side is connected through by a switching device to the load side. A voltage-supplied measuring device has a D.C. testing circuit and an A.C. testing circuit. Both testing circuits attempt to drive measuring currents across a connected load. The A.C. testing circuit operates at higher frequencies than the power-line frequency. An evaluation circuit is designed, on the basis of preselected criteria and on the basis of measuring values, in logical AND-connection, to determine whether switching contacts of the switching device should be closed.

Abstract: Connector, in particular a plug-in connector for TT and TN networks, in which an electronic monitoring and control unit supplied with a voltage switches through conductors or releases the connection, by means of a switching device, from the supply side to the load side of the connector as a function of information or measured data. Potential-measuring devices measure conductor potentials continuously or at regular intervals on the supply side and/or on the load side, and the switch is activated if the result falls short of or exceeds specific limits. Also,the electronic monitoring and control unit is designed to generate a signal if the connection is briefly released or established a certain number of times within a predetermined period;the conductors to be switched through are monitored by a fault current detecting device which acts upon the switching device; andinformation and/or command data are present at a bus interface.

Abstract: An apparatus for withdrawing compressed fodder or similar agricultural material from a pile has an engaging tool which is mounted on a cantilever arm arrangement. This arrangement is capable of reaching over a quantity of fodder to be withdrawn and engaging behind the quantity from above so that the remainder of the material will not be loosened. The engaging tool shifts the quantity of fodder into a receptacle which is mounted on a common support with the cantilever arm arrangement, the support being adapted to be mounted on a tractor. Hydraulic cylinder-and-piston units connected to the hydraulic system of the tractor are used for moving the engaging tool into and from the receptacle.