Abstract: The invention relates to a beam analysis device (10) for determining the axial position of the focal point (71) of an energy beam or a sample beam (70) decoupled from an energy beam, comprising a beam-shaping device (12), a detector (40), and an analysis device (45). The beam-shaping device (12) is designed to release two sub-beams (72, 73) from the sample beam (70) on a plane of the sub-beam release process (19). The cross-sections of the two sub-beams (72, 73) are defined by sub-apertures (32, 33) which are delimited from each other and which are arranged at a distance k to each other in a first lateral direction (31). The beam-shaping device (12) is designed to image the two sub-beams (72, 73) in order to form two beam spots (92, 93) on the detector and deflect at least one of the two sub-beams (72, 73) in a second lateral direction (37) which is oriented transversely to the first lateral direction (31) in order to form a distance w in the second lateral direction (37) between the two beam spots (92, 93).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for the analysis of energy beams in systems for the additive manufacture of components (70) by means of layered solidification of a construction material (55) by an energy beam (30). The invention enables a determination of position-related beam data directly with respect to the processing point during the machining process. An additive manufacturing system includes a beam deflecting device (40), a processing plane (45), and a layer applicator (60). The device according to the invention comprises a movable beam barrier (17), a movable beam sampling module (20) and a measuring device (10) with a radiation detector (12).

Abstract: A hinge for recessed installation between a door frame and a door panel has two housings adapted for recessing in the door frame and an edge of the door panel, a link assembly extending between and pivotally interconnecting the two housings, and a multiconductor cable extending between the housings and having opposite ends each in a respective one of the housings. Respective connectors on the ends of the cable are fixed in the housings.

Abstract: A hinge for recessed installation between a door frame and a door panel has two housings adapted for recessing in the door frame and an edge of the door panel, a link assembly extending between and pivotally interconnecting the two housings, and a multiconductor cable extending between the housings and having opposite ends each in a respective one of the housings. Respective connectors on the ends of the cable are fixed in the housings.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing polycrystalline silicon, by introducing reaction gases containing a silicon-containing component and hydrogen into reactors to deposit silicon, wherein a purified condensate from a first deposition process in a first reactor is supplied to a second reactor, and is used in a second deposition process in that second reactor.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing polycrystalline silicon, by introducing reaction gases containing a silicon-containing component and hydrogen into reactors to deposit silicon, wherein a purified condensate from a first deposition process in a first reactor is supplied to a second reactor, and is used in a second deposition process in that second reactor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the treatment of waste containing polyamide comprising a) depolymerisation of the waste containing polyamide, whereby a caprolactam raw material (6) and a flow (3), comprising the secondary constituents and additives from the depolymerisation, are obtained, and b) leaching of the flow (3) at least once using an extracting agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the analysis of refuse objects (2) containing polymers, in particular of carpets, in a recycling plant (1) and an automatic analytical device (7). In order to determine the polymer constituents of the refuse object (2), according to the invention, part of the refuse object (2) is vaporised and examined by a mass spectrometer (18). Using the method according to the invention and the automatic analytical device according to the invention, the refuse objects (2) can be classified for further processing (9, 10, 11) more accurately and more reliably during transport on a conveyor device (6).

Abstract: This invention relates to a continuous and efficient method for the manufacture of highly pure caprolactam suitable for the polycondensation of Polyamide 6 (polycaprolactam) from polyamide waste. In particular the invention relates to a method for the manufacture of caprolactam from waste containing polyamides, including the steps a) depolymerisation of the waste containing polyamides, whereby a caprolactam raw material and a flow containing secondary constituents or additives is obtained, b) at least one distillation of the caprolactam raw material, and c) at least one crystallisation of the caprolactam material obtained in step b), by which means caprolactam is obtained, whereby at least part of the caprolactam obtained in step c) with a permanganate number of<10000 sec. and a UV transmission of<85% is added to the waste containing polyamides before and/or during the depolymerisation.

Abstract: Comminuted carpet pieces are fed to a first stirred tank together with an aqueous solution containing separating salt, to form a first suspension, which is fed to a first mechanical separating stage. A first high-solids phase, a second high-solids phase containing polymer fiber material, and a liquid phase are obtained therefrom. The second high-solids phase is mixed with a water-containing separation solution in a stirred tank, to give a second suspension, which is fed to a second mechanical separating stage. A third high-solids phase, a polymer fiber material-rich phase and a liquid phase are withdrawn therefrom. An acid which is stronger than H2CO3 is introduced into the stirred tank together with the water-containing separation solution, and the pH of the liquid in the stirred tank is adjusted to 2–6.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the continuous production of caprolactam from waste containing polyamide, comprising a) depolymerisation of the waste containing polyamide, whereby a caprolactam raw material and, where applicable, a flow containing secondary constituents or additives is obtained, and b) irradiation of the caprolactam raw material with UV radiation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the analysis of refuse objects (2) containing polymers, in particular of carpets, in a recycling plant (1) and an automatic analytical device (7). In order to determine the polymer constituents of the refuse object (2), according to the invention, part of the refuse object (2) is vaporised and examined by a mass spectrometer (18). Using the method according to the invention and the automatic analytical device according to the invention, the refuse objects (2) can be classified for further processing (9, 10, 11) more accurately and more reliably during transport on a conveyor device (6).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the continuous production of caprolactam from waste containing polyamide, comprising a) depolymerisation of the waste containing polyamide, whereby a caprolactam raw material and, where applicable, a flow containing secondary constituents or additives is obtained, and b) irradiation of the caprolactam raw material with UV radiation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the treatment of waste containing polyamide comprising a) depolymerisation of the waste containing polyamide, whereby a caprolactam raw material (6) and a flow (3), comprising the secondary constituents and additives from the depolymerisation, are obtained, and b) leaching of the flow (3) at least once using an extracting agent.

Abstract: This invention relates to a continuous and efficient method for the manufacture of highly pure caprolactam suitable for the polycondensation of Polyamide 6 (polycaprolactam) from polyamide waste. In particular the invention relates to a method for the manufacture of caprolactam from waste containing polyamides, including the steps a) depolymerisation of the waste containing polyamides, whereby a caprolactam raw material and a flow containing secondary constituents or additives is obtained, b) at least one distillation of the caprolactam raw material, and c) at least one crystallisation of the caprolactam material obtained in step b), by which means caprolactam is obtained, whereby at least part of the caprolactam obtained in step c) with a permanganate number of <10000 sec. and a UV transmission of <85% is added to the waste containing polyamides before and/or during the depolymerisation.

Abstract: There are a device and method for protecting semiconductor material, wherein semiconductor material is processed on a surface of stabilized ice made from ultrapure water and particles of semiconductor material.

Abstract: A method and a device for the separation of semiconductor material has the separation procedure carried out on screens coated with ice made of ultrapure water, optionally mixed with particles of semiconductor material. During the separation, the screens are sprayed with ultrapure water and the screen holes are cut free.

Abstract: A device for protecting semiconductor material includes a support and a surface made of ice formed from ultrapure water. Semiconductor material is situated on this support surface.

Abstract: Process for separating preshredded carpet materials into as many as three main components of different densities which comprises finely comminuting the carpet materials in the liquid phase. The density of the liquid phase is adjusted to a level between two adjacent densities of the components. Separation of one component from the other components and from the liquid phase in the suspension is effected in a double-cone full-jacketed screw centrifuge. The process is repeated if there are two materials of different densities in the other components fraction. The process is useful for recovering nylon, polyester, or polypropylene from carpet scraps which nylon or polyester can be depolymerized to reusable monomers and which polypropylene can be reprocessed into pellets, non-wovens or fibers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for pulling single crystals from a melt of semicontor material, in which a monocrystalline seed crystal grows to form a single crystal, the seed crystal being dipped into the melt and raised in a controlled manner in the vertical direction with respect to the melt, while the melt forms a molten pool which is held on a support body only by the surface tension and by electromagnetic forces due to an induction coil. This method includes recharging the melt with semiconductor material in solid or liquid form during the growth of the single crystal.