Abstract: Disaccharide fluorides can be prepared by incubation of .alpha.-D-glycosyl fluorides in concentrated solutions with .alpha.-glycosidases.

Abstract: Resolution of the racemates of phosphorus-containing functional acetic acid derivatives can be carried out in high yield and in enantiomeric purity using hydrolases such as esterases and lipases.

Abstract: Racemic alcohols can be resolved in good yield and with high enantiomeric purity in the presence of vinyl esters with the aid of lipases from pig pancreas, pig liver and microorganisms.

Abstract: Differentiation of the two enantiotopic groups in prochiral glycerol derivatives gives chiral molecules directly, which in turn are easily converted either into the S-series or into the R-series by selective manipulation of the functional groups.

Abstract: The .alpha.-linked dipeptide formed from aspartic acid and phenylalanine ester can be separated very well from the corresponding .beta.-linked component by recrystallizing the mixture from a buffered, aqueous solution.

Abstract: Dipeptide alkyl esters whose alkyl group contains 3 to 7 carbon atoms can be converted to the corresponding methyl ester compound by a rapid, gentle transesterification in anhydrous methanol in the presence of an alkali metal alcoholate, without racemization occuring on the two chiral carbon atoms.

Abstract: .alpha.-Glucosyl fluoride can be converted in the presence of cyclodextrin .alpha.(1.fwdarw.4)glucosyltransferase into a mixture of .alpha.- and .beta.-cyclodextrins in high yield.

Abstract: L-Phenylalanine can be prepared using microorganisms belonging to the series comprising E. coli, Paracoccus denitrificans, Torula, Rhodotorula or Streptomyces after adaptation to phenylpyruvic acid, by amination with suitable sources of nitrogen. It is advantageous to employ the microorganism in the form of fixed cells.

Abstract: Alkyl N-maleylphenylalanate is prepared by reacting the starting material alkyl L-phenylalanate and maleic anhydride in aqueous solution at a pH of at most 7.5. The reaction products can be isomerized with dipolar aprotic solvents into the corresponding fumaric acid monoamides and thus can be used as an intermediate in the preparation of alkyl .alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanate.

Abstract: A porous, bead-like copolymer which can be employed to excellent effect for the fixation of enzymes is obtained by suspension polymerization of monomeric oxiranylalkyl compounds and/or 2-aziridinylalkyl compounds, n-valent crosslinking agents, N-vinylamides, heterocyclic 5-membered ring compounds or 6-membered ring compounds, having a polymerizable olefinic group in each case, and polymerizable quaternary ammonium salts.

Abstract: Ribonucleic acid in a mixture of crude nucleic acids is selectively hydrolyzed with 5'-phosphodiesterase to 5'-ribonucleotides without hydrolyzing desoxyribonucleic acid in the mixture. Selective hydrolysis is carrying out by contacting the crude nucleic acid mixture with 5'-phosphodiesterase immobilized on a polymer carrier. The crude mixture of nucleic acids is preferably obtained by aqueous extraction of microorganisms that have previously been extracted with ammonia and a lower alcohol to remove lipids. The polymer carrier is preferably a copolymer of glycidylmethacrylate, allylglycidylether, methacrylamide and methylene-bis-methacrylamide.

Abstract: Crude nucleic acid solutions can be selectively separated using a membrane separating process, it being possible for the high molecular weight DNA to be isolated from the retentate and the low molecular weight RNA to be isolated from the permeate. Ultrafiltration on hollow fiber membranes is preferred.

Abstract: Biocatalysts in bead form which contain microorganisms are particularly advantageously obtained by radical polymerization of acrylamide with methylene-bis-acrylamide in aqueous-organic phase suspension when the organic phase is a highly fluorinated carbon compound. The biocatalysts thus obtained have high stability and activity and are suitable for biotechnical processes.

Abstract: The crosslinked, porous copolymer in the form of beads and containing 50 to 99.9% by weight of recurring units of a heterocyclic 5-membered ring compound which contains a polymerizable olefinic group and which has at least one protonizable nitrogen atom in the ring, 0.1 to 50% by weight of units of a crosslinking agent, 0 to 25% by weight of units of a polymerizable organoboron or organosilicon compound and, relative to 100% by weight of the sum of the abovementioned units, 5 to 350% by weight of units of an N-vinylamide of the general formula I CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH--N(R.sup.1)--C(R.sup.2).dbd.O wherein R.sup.1 denotes hydrogen, methyl or ethyl and R.sup.2 denotes hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, or several such N-vinylamides and 0 to 40% by weight of units of another polymerizable compound or several such compounds, is prepared by inverted suspension polymerization and is used, for example, as a sorbent for acid substances from solutions thereof, preferably aqueous solutions.

Abstract: The crosslinked copolymer containing 75 to 99.9% by weight of recurring units of a pyridyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl or pyrazinyl compound containing a polymerizable olefinic group, 0.1 to 25% by weight of units of a crosslinking agent and 0 to 25% by a weight of units of a polymerizable organosilicon and/or organoboron compound and, based on 100% by weight of the sum of the abovementioned units, 5 to 350% by weight of units of an N-vinyl-amide, is prepared by bead polymerization and used as a sorbent for acid substances from their aqueous solutions.

Abstract: New bromoepoxy-cyclohexenes and their derivatives, which are starting compounds for units used to synthesize natural compounds, e.g. cyclitols or aminocyclitols.