Abstract: To allow better quality rendering of video on any display, a method is proposed of encoding, in addition to video data (VID), additional data (DD) comprising at least one change time instant (TMA_1) indicating a change in time of a characteristic luminance (CHRLUM) of the video data, which characteristic luminance summarizes the set of luminances of pixels in an image of the video data, the method comprising: generating on the basis of the video data (VID) descriptive data (DED) regarding the characteristic luminance variation of the video, the descriptive data comprising at least one change time instant (TMA_1), and encoding and outputting the descriptive data (DED) as additional data (DD).

Abstract: This invention provides a process which allows better quality rendering of video on any display. The process proposes encoding, video data and additional data. The additional data includes a change time instant. The change time instant can be used to indicate a change in time of a characteristic luminance. The characteristic luminance summarizes the set of luminances of pixels in an image of the video data. The process includes generating on descriptive data based on the video data and encoding and outputting the descriptive data as additional data.

Abstract: To allow better quality rendering of video on any display, a method is proposed of encoding, in addition to video data (VID), additional data (DD) comprising at least one change time instant (TMA_1) indicating a change in time of a characteristic luminance (CHRLUM) of the video data, which characteristic luminance summarizes the set of luminances of pixels in an image of the video data, the method comprising: generating on the basis of the video data (VID) descriptive data (DED) regarding the characteristic luminance variation of the video, the descriptive data comprising at least one change time instant (TMA_1), and encoding and outputting the descriptive data (DED) as additional data (DD).

Abstract: A system and method of processing video data: produce, on the basis of the video data, descriptive data regarding a variation in a characteristic luminance of the video data, wherein the characteristic luminance summarizes the set of luminances of pixels in an image of the video data, wherein the descriptive data identifies the at least one change time instant, wherein the change time instant indicates a time at which a change of the characteristic luminance occurs; and encode and output the descriptive data.

Abstract: To allow better quality rendering of video on any display, a method is proposed of encoding, in addition to video data (VID), additional data (DD), wherein the additional data includes at least one change time instant (TMA_1) indicating a change in time of a characteristic luminance (CHRLUM) of the video data, which characteristic luminance summarizes a set of luminances of pixels in an image of the video data, the method: generates on the basis of the video data (VID) descriptive data (DED) regarding the characteristic luminance variation of the video, the descriptive data comprising at least one change time instant (TMA_1), and encodes and outputs the descriptive data (DED) as additional data (DD).

Abstract: To allow better quality rendering of video on any display, a method is proposed of encoding, in addition to video data (VID), additional data (DD) comprising at least one change time instant (TMA_1) indicating a change in time of a characteristic luminance (CHRLUM) of the video data, which characteristic luminance summarizes the set of luminances of pixels in an image of the video data, the method comprising: generating on the basis of the video data (VID) descriptive data (DED) regarding the characteristic luminance variation of the video, the descriptive data comprising at least one change time instant (TMA_1), and encoding and outputting the descriptive data (DED) as additional data (DD).

Abstract: To allow better quality rendering of video on any display, a method is proposed of encoding, in addition to video data (VID), additional data (DD) comprising at least one change time instant (TMA—1) indicating a change in time of a characteristic luminance (CHRLUM) of the video data, which characteristic luminance summarizes the set of luminances of pixels in an image of the video data, the method comprising: —generating on the basis of the video data (VID) descriptive data (DED) regarding the characteristic luminance variation of the video, the descriptive data comprising at least one change time instant (TMA—1), and—encoding and outputting the descriptive data (DED) as additional data (DD).

Abstract: A method of processing multi-component seismic data acquired at a receiver station comprises determining a calibration filter that calibrate a first component of the seismic data relative to a second component of the seismic data in order to compensate for differences in coupling between the two components. The determination of the calibration filter comprises processing the data in the common shot domain. This allows optimisation criteria to be applied to the up- and down-going constituents of particle velocity, and this is simpler than prior art methods of applying optimisation criteria to the up-going and down-going constituents of the pressure.

Abstract: A method of processing multi-component seismic data acquired at a receiver station comprises determining a calibration filter that calibrate a first component of the seismic data relative to a second component of the seismic data in order to compensate for differences in coupling between the two components. The determination of the calibration filter comprises processing the data in the common shot domain. This allows optimisation criteria to be applied to the up- and down-going constituents of particle velocity, and this is simpler than prior art methods of applying optimisation criteria to the up-going and down-going constituents of the pressure.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of determining the orientation of a seismic receiver (4, 6) from seismic data acquired at the receiver (4, 6). The determined orientation can be taken into account in subsequent analysis of the seismic data. This avoids inaccuracies that can occur if the receiver orientation is estimated. In a preferred embodiment the horizontal spatial derivatives of the pressure measured at the receiver are used in the determination of the orientation of the receiver. These may be calculated on either the source side or the receiver side. These are combined with horizontal components of the particle displacement, velocity or acceleration (or a higher time-derivative of the particle displacement). Alternatively, horizontal spatial derivatives of the particle displacement measured at the receiver may be used in place of the horizontal spatial derivatives of the pressure.

Abstract: A method for estimating near-surface material properties in the vicinity of a locally dense group of seismic receivers is disclosed. The method includes receiving seismic data that has been measured by a locally dense group of seismic receivers. Local derivatives of the wavefield are estimated such that the derivatives are centered at a single location preferably using the Lax-Wendroff correction. Physical relationships between the estimated derivatives including the free surface condition and wave equations are used to estimate near-surface material properties in the vicinity of the receiver group. Another embodiment of the invention is disclosed wherein the physical relationships used to estimate material properties are derived from the physics of plane waves arriving at the receiver group, and the group of receivers does not include any buried receivers.

Abstract: A method of processing multi-component seismic data acquired at a receiver comprises determining a suitable decomposition scheme to use. This makes use of the existence of pairs of wavefield components that are uncoupled from one another. If there is no physical coupling between first and second wavefield components, the first and second components should not arrive at a receiver location at the same time. The method comprises decomposing a first portion, for example a test portion, of the seismic data into a plurality of wavefield components using an initial decomposition scheme. First and second wavefield components of the decomposed data that should be uncoupled from one another are then selected, and their product is determined. Since the first and second wavefield components of the decomposed data should be uncoupled from one another, their product should be zero or close to zero and a product that is significantly different from zero indicates that the decomposition scheme is inaccurate.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of determining the orientation of a seismic receiver (4,6) from seismic data acquired at the receiver (4,6). The determined orientation can be taken into account in subsequent analysis of the seismic data. This avoids inaccuracies that can occur if the receiver orientation is estimated. In a preferred embodiment the horizontal spatial derivatives of the pressure measured at the receiver are used in the determination of the orientation of the receiver. These may be calculated on either the source side or the receiver side. These are combined with horizontal components of the particle displacement, velocity or acceleration (or a higher time-derivative of the particle displacement). Alternatively, horizontal spatial derivatives of the particle displacement measured at the receiver may be used in place of the horizontal spatial derivatives of the pressure.

Abstract: A method of processing multi-component seismic data acquired at a receiver comprises determining a suitable decomposition scheme to use. This makes use of the existence of pairs of wavefield components that are uncoupled from one another. If there is no physical coupling between first and second wavefield components, the first and second components should not arrive at a receiver location at the same time.

Abstract: A method for estimating near-surface material properties in the vicinity of a locally dense group of seismic receivers is disclosed. The method includes receiving seismic data that has been measured by a locally dense group of seismic receivers. Local derivatives of the wavefield are estimated such that the derivatives are centered at a single location preferably using the Lax-Wendroff correction. Physical relationships between the estimated derivatives including the free surface condition and wave equations are used to estimate near-surface material properties in the vicinity of the receiver group.