Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) device having a gradient interconnect is provided, including a first gradient interconnect having opposing first and second surfaces, a first trench formed over the first surface of the first gradient interconnect, a second trench formed over the second surface of the first gradient interconnect, and an interconnecting tunnel formed in the first gradient interconnect for connecting the first and second trenches. A first porous conducting disc is placed in the first trench and partially protrudes over the first surface of the first gradient interconnect. A first sealing layer is placed over the first surface of the first gradient interconnect and surrounds the first trench. A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is placed over the first surface of the first gradient interconnect and contacted with the first porous conducting disc and the first sealing layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for bonding stainless steel to aluminum oxide. The method includes the steps of providing a first substrate of the stainless steel, filling solder in the first substrate, providing a second substrate of the aluminum oxide, filling solder in the second substrate, providing a net, pressing the net, locating the net between the first and second substrates to form a laminate and clamping the laminate, locating the laminate in a vacuum oven, increasing the temperature in the vacuum oven, retaining the temperature in the vacuum oven, and decreasing the temperature in the vacuum oven.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) device having a gradient interconnect is provided, including a first gradient interconnect having opposing first and second surfaces, a first trench formed over the first surface of the first gradient interconnect, a second trench formed over the second surface of the first gradient interconnect, and an interconnecting tunnel formed in the first gradient interconnect for connecting the first and second trenches. A first porous conducting disc is placed in the first trench and partially protrudes over the first surface of the first gradient interconnect. A first sealing layer is placed over the first surface of the first gradient interconnect and surrounds the first trench. A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is placed over the first surface of the first gradient interconnect and contacted with the first porous conducting disc and the first sealing layer.

Abstract: A joining method for connecting heterogeneous metal parts includes the steps of: prefabricating a first connecting surface on a first metal part, and a second connecting surface on a second metal part; disposing at least one barrier layer on one of the first and second connecting surfaces of the first and second metal parts by a plating process; disposing a filler metal between the first and second connecting surfaces of the first and second metal parts such that the filler metal being sandwiched in-between the first and second metal parts; heating the filler metal disposed between the first and second connecting surfaces of the first and second metal parts; and cooling and solidifying of the molten filler metal connected between the first and second connecting surfaces of the first and second metal parts to constitute a golf club head.

Abstract: Using infrared rays for quick joining a golf club head adopts a heating source of infrared rays, which are used to melt metallic fillers disposed between a main head body and a striking plate. Thus, the striking plate is bonded to the main head body to constitute the golf club head.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a joint between metal and a ceramic substrate for a high temperature sensor. First, a predetermined hole is formed in the ceramic substrate to serve as a joint portion. A bonding layer is preferably disposed on the ceramic substrate to form on the inner surface and the surrounding portion of the hole. Next, the hole is filled with a supporting metal. Then, a conductive layer is formed on the supporting metal and the bonding layer. A metal signal conductive frame is then formed on the conductive layer. Next, a welding spot is formed through the metal signal conductive frame, the conductive layer and the supporting metal at the joint portion by a welding process.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a joint between metal and a ceramic substrate for a high temperature sensor. First, a predetermined hole is formed in the ceramic substrate to serve as a joint portion. A bonding layer is preferably disposed on the ceramic substrate to form on the inner surface and the surrounding portion of the hole. Next, the hole is filled with a supporting metal. Then, a conductive layer is formed on the supporting metal and the bonding layer. A metal signal conductive frame is then formed on the conductive layer. Next, a welding spot is formed through the metal signal conductive frame, the conductive layer and the supporting metal at the joint portion by a welding process.

Abstract: A high efficiency heat sink includes a first chamber, a second chamber and at least one cooling fin. The first chamber contains coolant and absorbs heat from a heat source, vaporizing the coolant. The second chamber receives the vaporized coolant from the first chamber, transmits the heat from the vaporized coolant to the cooling fin so that the vaporized coolant is condensed, and forces the condensed coolant back to the first chamber via capillary pressure.

Abstract: A bond for a metal single layer abrasive tool can be easily chemically and electrochemically stripped from the metal core of a recovered used tool to facilitate reuse of the core. Relative to conventionally bonded tools, the speed of stripping the novel bond is quick, and the stripped core has a smooth, clean surface which needs only minimal mechanical repair prior to reuse. The composition of the novel bond consists essentially of copper, tin and titanium. It can be brazed at temperatures below diamond graphitization and is chemically compatible with diamond. Hence, the bond is particularly useful for the manufacture of large diameter, superabrasive metal single layer abrasive wheels employed in the construction industry. The bond can be applied to the cutting surface of the abrasive tool as a uniform mixture of bronze alloy, titanium compound and copper powders. The powders may be mixed with a liquid vehicle and applied as a paste.

Abstract: A bond for a single layer metal bond abrasive tool can be easily chemically and electrochemically stripped from the metal core of a recovered used tool to facilitate reuse of the core. Relative to conventionally bonded tools, the speed of stripping the novel bond is quick, and the stripped core has a smooth, clean surface which needs only minimal mechanical repair prior to reuse. In one aspect, the novel bond is a quaternary bond composition consisting essentially of copper, tin, titanium and silver. The powder components can be used dry or mixed with a fugitive liquid binder as a paste. The novel bond can be brazed at lower temperature than copper/tin/titanium bonds prepared otherwise. The bond composition forms a good melt at braze temperature that flows smoothly, evenly over a tool preform and provides consistent quality bonding of abrasive from tool to tool.

Abstract: An abrasive grit for a metal bonded Single Layer abrasive tool includes abrasive grains coated with a first active component. The active component is mechanically-bound to the surface of the superabrasive grains. Preferably the abrasive is a superabrasive, especially diamond, and the first active component is titanium, either in the form of elemental Ti or TiH.sub.2. The novel grit is made by mixing the first active powder component in a liquid binder to form an adhesive paste; mixing the paste with the abrasive grains to wet the grains, and drying the mixture to adhere active component to the grains. The coated abrasive can be brazed onto a core to form a Single Layer tool, especially with a brazing composition that includes a bronze alloy and small concentrations of a second active component. During brazing the novel abrasive grains provide excellent surface contact with the brazing composition and the braze strongly bind the grains to the tool core.

Abstract: A bond material for a metal single layer abrasive tool, and especially for a tool with diamond abrasive, provides an excellent combination of mechanical properties including structural strength and impact resistance. The bond material is sufficiently compatible with both metal and diamond to effectively wet the abrasive grains and the core of the tool during brazing. The bond material can braze at a temperature range low enough that the core will not distort and diamond grains will not graphitize during brazing. The novel bond material composition contains a copper/tin bronze alloy; elemental titanium; zirconium; hard granular wear resistant particles; and elemental carbon. The wear resistant particles are preferably titanium carbide. Importantly, the bond produced from the material has superior wear resistance while remaining very adhesive to diamond.

Abstract: A bond for a single layer metal bond abrasive tool can be easily chemically and electrochemically stripped from the metal core of a recovered used tool to facilitate reuse of the core. Relative to conventionally bonded tools, the speed of stripping the novel bond is quick, and the stripped core has a smooth, clean surface which needs only minimal mechanical repair prior to reuse. In one aspect, the novel bond consists essentially of a ternary bond composition of copper, tin and titanium, in which the copper and tin are pre-alloyed and the pre-alloy and titanium component are incorporated in the bond composition as fine particle size powders. In another aspect, the bond is a quaternary bond composition consisting essentially of copper, tin, titanium and silver. The powder components can be used dry or mixed with a fugitive liquid binder as a paste. The novel bond can be brazed at lower temperature than copper/tin/titanium bonds prepared otherwise.