Abstract: A polyarylene ether copolymer comprising i) at least one block comprising in polymerized form A) isosorbide, isomannide, isoidide or a mixture thereof and B) at least one unit comprising at least one difunctional compound comprising at least one dichlorodiaryl sulfone, a dichlorodiaryl ketone or a mixture thereof and ii) at least one block comprising in polymerized form C) at least one polyalkylene oxide, a process for its preparation and its use in the preparation of coatings, films, fibers, foams, membranes or molded articles.

Abstract: A polyarylene ether sulfone comprising in polymerized form A) isosorbide, isomannide, isoidide or a mixture thereof and B) at least one at least one nonsulfonated dihalodiaryl sulfone (compound B) and C) at least one sulfonated dihalodiaryl sulfone (compound C), a process for its preparation and its use in the preparation of coatings, films, fibers, foams, membranes or molded articles.

Abstract: A polyarylene ether comprising in polymerized form A) at least one tri- or higher functional compound and B) isosorbide, isomannide, isoidide or a mixture thereof, wherein the polyarylene ether is a polyarylene ether sulfone or a polyarylene ether ketone, a process for its preparation and its use in the preparation of a coating, film, fiber, foam, membrane or molded article.

Abstract: Provided herein is a process for preparing furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid. The process includes the following steps: (A-1) preparing a starting mixture comprising one, two or more carbohydrate compounds selected from the group consisting of: hexoses, oligosaccharides comprising hexose units, and polysaccharides including hexose units, and as a solvent or as a co-solvent for the carbohydrate compounds an amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of a formula (II) and (A-2) subjecting the starting mixture to reaction conditions so that at least one of the one, two or more carbohydrate compounds reacts, and a fraction of the amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II) is hydrolyzed, resulting in a mixture including 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural and/or the one or more HMF esters of a formula (I), one or more carboxylic acids of a formula (III) and a remaining fraction of the amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II).

Abstract: A process for preparing furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid is disclosed. The process includes the following steps: preparing or providing a starting mixture including 5-(hydroxy-methyl)furfural (HMF), 5,5?-[oxy-bis(methylene)]bis-2-furfural (di-HMF), and water; subjecting said starting mixture to oxidation conditions in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas and a catalytically effective amount of a heterogeneous catalyst including one or more noble metals on a support so that both HMF and di-HMF react to give furane-2,5-dicarboxylic acid in a product mixture also including water and oxidation by-products. The use of a catalyst is also disclosed, the catalyst including one or more noble metals on a support as an heterogeneous oxidation catalyst for catalyzing in an aqueous starting mixture the reaction of both HMF and di-HMF to furane-2,5-dicarboxylic acid.

Abstract: Provided herein is a process for preparing a mixture including 5-(hydroxy-methyl)furfural (HMF) and one or more HMF esters of formula (I), the process including the following steps: (A-1) preparing or providing a starting mixture which includes one, two or more carbohydrate compounds and as the solvent or as a co-solvent for the carbohydrate compounds an amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II); (A-2) subjecting the starting mixture to reaction conditions so that at least one of the one, two or more carbohydrate compounds reacts, and a fraction of the amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II) is hydrolyzed, so that a mixture results that includes 5-(hydroxy-methyl)furfural and/or the one or more HMF esters of formula (I), one or more carboxylic acids of formula (III) and a remaining fraction of the amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II).

Abstract: Provided herein is a process for preparing a mixture including 5-(hydroxy-methyl)furfural (HMF) and one or more HMF esters of formula (I), the process including the following steps: (A-1) preparing or providing a starting mixture which includes one, two or more carbohydrate compounds and as the solvent or as a co-solvent for the carbohydrate compounds an amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II); (A-2) subjecting the starting mixture to reaction conditions so that at least one of the one, two or more carbohydrate compounds reacts, and a fraction of the amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II) is hydrolyzed, so that a mixture results that includes 5-(hydroxy-methyl)furfural and/or the one or more HMF esters of formula (I), one or more carboxylic acids of formula (III) and a remaining fraction of the amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II).

Abstract: Provided herein is a process for preparing furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid. The process includes the following steps: (A-1) preparing a starting mixture comprising one, two or more carbohydrate compounds selected from the group consisting of: hexoses, oligosaccharides comprising hexose units, and polysaccharides including hexose units, and as a solvent or as a co-solvent for the carbohydrate compounds an amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of a formula (II) and (A-2) subjecting the starting mixture to reaction conditions so that at least one of the one, two or more carbohydrate compounds reacts, and a fraction of the amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II) is hydrolyzed, resulting in a mixture including 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural and/or the one or more HMF esters of a formula (I), one or more carboxylic acids of a formula (III) and a remaining fraction of the amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II).

Abstract: A process for preparing furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid is disclosed. The process includes the following steps: preparing or providing a starting mixture including 5-(hydroxy-methyl)furfural (HMF), 5,5?-[oxy-bis(methylene)]bis-2-furfural (di-HMF), and water; subjecting said starting mixture to oxidation conditions in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas and a catalytically effective amount of a heterogeneous catalyst including one or more noble metals on a support so that both HMF and di-HMF react to give furane-2,5-dicarboxylic acid in a product mixture also including water and oxidation by-products. The use of a catalyst is also disclosed, the catalyst including one or more noble metals on a support as an heterogeneous oxidation catalyst for catalyzing in an aqueous starting mixture the reaction of both HMF and di-HMF to furane-2,5-dicarboxylic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel mono- and diesters of 2,5-di(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran, processes for their preparation by esterification in the presence of tertiary amines or in the presence of enzymatic esterification catalysts and the use of these mono- and diesters as interface-active compounds, rheology modifiers and emollients. The invention further relates to cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions, and to detergents, cleaners and dishwashing compositions which comprise these mono- and diesters of 2,5-di(hydroxymethyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of 2,5-bisaminomethylfuran as hardener for resin components made of epoxy resin and reactive diluent, and also to a corresponding curable composition, curing thereof, and the cured epoxy resin obtainable therefrom. The present invention further relates to the use of 2,5-bisaminomethylfuran as hardener for the production of epoxy-resin-based coatings, in particular of floor coatings with early-stage water resistance.

Abstract: Method for producing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), wherein a) solutions (hereinbelow called starting solution) which comprise a hexose and an organic solvent with a boiling point greater than 200° C. (at standard pressure) (for short called high-boiling component), and steam are fed to a reaction vessel, b) in the reaction vessel, a conversion of the hexose to HMF takes place in the presence of steam with the simultaneous distillative removal of the HMF and c) as distillate, an aqueous, HMF-comprising solution (hereinbelow called distillate) is obtained.

Abstract: A process for preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), which comprises a) feeding solutions (hereinafter called starting solution) comprising one or more saccharides and an organic solvent having a boiling point greater than 200° C. (at standard pressure) (called high boiler for short) and water, ?and a solvent having a boiling point greater than 60° C. and less than 200° C. (at standard pressure, called low boiler for short) to a reaction vessel, b) effecting a conversion of hexose to HMF in the reaction vessel in the presence of water vapor with simultaneous distillative removal of the HMF and c) obtaining, as the distillate, an aqueous, HMF-comprising solution (hereinafter called distillate).

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of isomerically pure substituted cyclohexanols starting from a mixture of cis/trans substituted cyclohexanols which comprises reacting the cis/trans mixture of a substituted cyclohexanol with a dicarboxylic acid anhydride in the presence of a lipase, to give the trans semi-ester which is separated off from the unreacted substituted cyclohexanol cis isomer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of isomerically pure substituted cyclohexanols starting from a mixture of cis/trans substituted cyclohexanols which comprises reacting the cis/trans mixture of a substituted cyclohexanol with a dicarboxylic acid anhydride in the presence of a lipase, to give the trans semi-ester which is separated off from the unreacted substituted cyclohexanol cis isomer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing 2-methyltetrahydrofuran by one-stage hydrogenation of furfural with a hydrogen-comprising gas in the presence of a structured bed of at least one copper catalyst and at least one catalyst which comprises at least one noble metal from groups 8, 9 and/or 10 of the periodic table of the elements applied on a support material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing 2-methyltetrahydrofuran by one-stage hydrogenation of furfural with a hydrogen-comprising gas in the presence of a supported catalyst which comprises at least one noble metal from groups 8, 9 and/or 10 of the periodic table of the elements.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing 2-methyltetrahydrofuran by one-stage hydrogenation of furfural with a hydrogen-comprising gas in the presence of a structured bed of at least one copper catalyst and at least one catalyst which comprises at least one noble metal from groups 8, 9 and/or 10 of the periodic table of the elements applied on a support material.