Abstract: A method for calibrating an illumination system is disclosed herein. The illumination system comprises at least one light emitter and at least one color sensor. The method comprises emitting a first wavelength of light from the a light emitter and measuring the color of light emitted by the light emitter using the color sensors. A second wavelength of light is emitted from the a light emitter and the color of light emitted by the light emitter is measured using the color sensors. The shift in color space based on the measurements is calculated. At least one calibration matrix based on the shift in colors space is calculated.

Abstract: A method for calibrating an illumination system is disclosed herein. The illumination system comprises at least one light emitter and at least one color sensor. The method comprises emitting a first wavelength of light from the a light emitter and measuring the color of light emitted by the light emitter using the color sensors. A second wavelength of light is emitted from the a light emitter and the color of light emitted by the light emitter is measured using the color sensors. The shift in color space based on the measurements is calculated. At least one calibration matrix based on the shift in colors space is calculated.

Abstract: The optically-switched optical network comprises information signal channels allocated for optically transmitting one or more information signals; routing signal channels allocated for optically transmitting routing signals in parallel with the information signals; and switching nodes each operable in responsive to at least one of the routing signals to switch a multi-wavelength optical signal comprising the one or more information signals and the routing signals to another of the switching nodes.

Abstract: A method and a system for displaying images are provided. In the method, a pixel is provided that includes a layer of ferroelectric material and a layer of liquid crystal material. A first electric field is momentarily applied to the pixel to electrically polarize the ferroelectric layer to a first polarization. The first polarization is then used to maintain the liquid crystal material in a first orientation corresponding to a first apparent brightness of the pixel.

Abstract: Optical motion sensing systems and methods are described. In one aspect, light from subfields of a scene is focused onto respective capture areas of a focal plane. Successive sets of contemporaneous local images are captured from the focused light. Respective saliency measures are derived from respective ones of the local images. Respective local motion measures are determined from comparisons of corresponding ones of the local images in ones of the contemporaneous local image sets. A respective global motion measure is produced for each of the contemporaneous local image sets based on the respective ones of the local motion measures and the respective ones of the saliency measures.

Abstract: Still image apparatus and methods that are suitable for compact camera environments are described. In another aspect, image segments are captured during corresponding exposure intervals of a frame exposure period. Respective motion sensor signals are generated during the respective exposure intervals of the image segments. One or more corresponding movement measures are determined from the respective motion sensor signals for each of the exposure intervals. The image segments are combined into an output image based on the one or more corresponding movement measures.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an inertia sensing system, an optical motion sensing system, and a processing system. The inertia sensing system generates inertial data indicative of movement in relation to an inertial reference frame. The optical motion sensing system generates optical data from received light. The processing system determines movement measures from the inertial data. The processing system also select one of an in-motion output state and a motionless output state based on the optical data. During the in-motion output state, the processing system produces an output corresponding to the movement measures. During the motionless output state, the processing system produces an output indicative of zero motion regardless of the inertial data.

Abstract: The multi-channel optical transmitter is composed of a tunable optical signal source, an optical multiplexer and an intensity reducer. The tunable optical signal source includes a tunable laser, and additionally includes an optical signal output through which it outputs an optical signal to one of the inputs of the optical multiplexer. The intensity reducer is for reducing the intensity of the optical signal output by the optical signal source during tuning of the tunable laser. The intensity reducer prevents the tunable optical signal source from injecting high levels of noise into the channels during tuning of the tunable optical signal source.

Abstract: A method and a system for displaying images are provided. In the method, a pixel is provided that includes a layer of ferroelectric material and a layer of liquid crystal material. A first electric field is momentarily applied to the pixel to electrically polarize the ferroelectric layer to a first polarization. The first polarization is then used to maintain the liquid crystal material in a first orientation corresponding to a first apparent brightness of the pixel.

Abstract: A sensor, such as a lateral flow sensor, which includes a chemical layer and a detector on a flexible substrate. An optical signal is produced in response to an analyte placed on the chemical layer. The detector detects the signal, to thereby detect the presence, absence or concentration of the analyte. The detector is on the substrate. The chemical layer and the substrate are laminated together, to thereby form an integrated sensor. The sensor can include a light source. The light source can be on the substrate, or on an opposite side of the chemical layer than the detector.

Abstract: A portable device includes a transparent surface; a microlens array having lenslets, each lenslet forming a corresponding image of an object using light received through the transparent surface; a light sensor having pixels, each pixel corresponding uniquely to one of the plurality of lenslets, to detect the formed images of the object; and a controller to use the detected images to determine a motion of the object relative to the transparent surface, and to output the detected motion to a display for use in navigating a cursor and/or a menu on the display according to the determined motion. The portable device can be used in a telephone, personal digital assistant, and/or other handheld devices which control navigation on a display included in the device or external to the device.

Abstract: A diagnostic system in accordance with the invention is housed in a hand-held personal communications device (PCD). The diagnostic system includes a data capture system that is used to capture diagnostic data. The diagnostic system also includes a data storage system and a processing system. The data storage system stores reference diagnostic data that is used by the processing system in conjunction with the captured diagnostic data to obtain a diagnostic result.

Abstract: An optical motion sensing module includes a microlens array comprising a plurality of lenslets, each lenslet forming a corresponding image of a surface; a light sensor comprising a plurality of pixels corresponding to the plurality of lenslets to detect the formed images of the surface; and a controller to use the detected images to determine a motion of the surface relative to the optical navigation module. The optical navigation module is usable in optical mice or in other applications in which relative motion is detected optically.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for wavelength-dependent detection are provided. A detector includes a hybrid filter having unpatterned and patterned filter layers and at least one light-detecting sensor that detects light in first and second wavelength bands from the patterned filter layer of the hybrid filter. The unpatterned filter layer passes light in two nonoverlapping wavelength bands relative to light in wavelength bands between or among the nonoverlapping wavelength bands. The patterned filter layer includes first and second regions configured respectively to pass light in the first and second wavelength bands of the nonoverlapping wavelength bands passed by the unpatterned filter layer.

Abstract: A device and method for producing an enhanced color image of a scene of interest captures a grayscale image of the scene of interest using a flash of infrared light and a color image of the scene of interest without using any flash of infrared light. The grayscale information from the grayscale image and the visible color information from the color image are combined to produce the enhanced color image.

Abstract: A light emitting device has a light emitting diode (LED), a reflector cup, and one or more adjustment mechanisms to control the intensity profile of light emitted from the light emitting device. The reflector cup has a base and a sidewall extending outward from the base. A base adjustment mechanism controls the total amount of light reflected from the base and into the beam of light emitted from the light emitting mechanism by controlling the aggregate reflectivity of the base. A sidewall adjustment mechanism controls the angle of the sidewall relative to the base. A vertical adjustment mechanism vertically raises or lowers the LED relative to the base.

Abstract: A camera flash is disclosed for producing a warm light having a desired color temperature. In one embodiment, the flash has a xenon flash component producing a light with a spectrum having a color temperature at a higher Kelvin rating than the warm light, and a light emitting diode flash component producing a light with a spectrum having a color temperature at a lower Kelvin rating than the warm light. The color temperature of the light of the xenon flash component and the color temperature of the light of the light emitting diode flash component together produce the warm light having the desired color temperature.

Abstract: An enhanced light output light emitting diode (LED) is constructed using a plurality of single domed LEDs with each dome acting as a lens. By packaging multiple LEDs, each with its own dome (lens), greater-light output can be achieved. In one embodiment, each individually domed LED is a single color and the mixed colors from the group of LEDs within a device yields white light output. In another embodiment, the phosphors within each dome are mixed to produce white light. Reflectors can be added to enhance light output.

Abstract: A virtual display with motion synchronization (“VDMS”) device using one or more arrays of light sources for displaying messages. The VDMS device may include a motion sensor to detect and measure movement of the VDMS device, and synchronization circuitry configured to synchronize the light emission of the individual light sources in the arrays with the movement of the VDMS device. The VDMS device may also include a self-contained power source and a control unit and interface that allow the user to program the messages that are displayed by the VDMS device, as well as memory that stores user messages.

Abstract: A detection system. The detection system includes a substrate, a laser, and a sensor array. The substrate includes a first surface, a second surface conceptually divided into multiple areas, and a third surface. The laser is configured to emit electromagnetic radiation into the substrate and incident subsequently onto second surface areas. The sensor array is configured to capture electromagnetic radiation reflected from the second surface. If a first dielectric, having first dielectric constant, is in contact with some areas, electromagnetic radiation incident thereon experiences total internal reflection and if a second dielectric having second dielectric constant is in contact with other areas, some of the electromagnetic radiation incident thereon is reflected back into the substrate by the second dielectric.