Abstract: A decoder for use in an FM stereo broadcasting system in which the usual difference signal S and a compressed version S' of the difference signal are transmitted, automatically selects on a continuous basis for de-matrixing with the received sum signal M either an attenuated signal S' or the usual difference signal S based on the protocol that the attenuated signal S' is always selected unless the usual difference signal S is higher in level than a predetermined threshold potential related to the signal level at the knee of the expansion characteristic. The decoder eliminates the need for the relatively expensive analog variable gain amplifier used in prior art decoders and is less sensitive to time constant errors and errors due to multipath distortions.

Abstract: A television system for broadcasting high definition television on two channels of a direct broadcast satellite, a first of which carries a compatible 525-line picture. A second channel carries an augmentation signal, which in conjunction with the signal from the first channel, produces at a receiver tuned to both channels a 1050-line high definition television picture with a 5:3 aspect ratio. Time multiplex component signals and processing are employed, and high fidelity sound is provided by digital audio signals transmitted in time sequence with the video. There may be as many as five sound channels so as to provide three-channel stereophonic audio and various combinations of data and sound channels.

Abstract: The disclosed technique effectively increases television camera sensitivity by allowing additional time for signal to build up on the photoconductive surface of the camera tube. Rapid motion portrayal is traded off against sensitivity improvement, since picture information is available at a slower rate.

Abstract: An adjustable source of radiation that is directable at a body to be imaged. Means are provided for converting radiation received from the body into an electronic video signal. A motion detector generates a motion-indicative signal as a function of differences between present and past video signal levels at elemental positions of the video frame. Control signal generating means are provided for generating a control signal as a function of said motion-indicative signal. The control signal is applied to the source of radiation to control the intensity thereof. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the motion detection means comprises a portion of a video noise reduction system through which the video signal is processed before the display thereof.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to an apparatus and method for processing an input electronic audio signal to relatively attenuate portions thereof to prevent those portions from exceeding a predetermined threshold, while minimizing adverse effects, such as unnecessary attenuation, on other portions of the signal. A zero-crossing detector detects when the input signal crosses a predetermined zero reference level. A peak detector detects the peak of the input signal during a time interval defined by successive zero-crossings. An amplitude control signal is generated as a function of the detected peak. A delay circuit receives the input signal and generates a time delayed version of the input signal. Preferably, the delay circuit has a characteristic delay time that is of the order of the longest period of audio signal to be processed.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a television titling apparatus which is substantially the same as a conventional television titling apparatus designed for left-to-right character presentation, but includes a novel subsystem and method which can be utilized to effect display of characters from right-to-left for languages which so require. Reverse image stroke representations are stored in a stroke generator. An auxiliary storage is provided for storing a scanline of stroke bits from the stroke generator. Scanlines of stroke bits are read out of the auxiliary storage in reverse order from the order in which they were read in; i.e., on a last-in-first-out basis. Preferably, the auxiliary storage includes first and second stores which are alternately operable to read in and read out successive scanlines of stroke bits so that one scanline of stroke bits is being read out while the next scanline of stroke bits is being read in.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a video display apparatus which includes a cathode ray tube having at least one electron gun and means for deriving a source of excitatory voltage signal representative of picture information. In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, there is provided a system for stabilizing the display intensity of the electron gun comprising means for amplifying the voltage signal and a constant current means including resistive means coupling the amplified voltage signal to the cathode of said electron gun, the resistive means having an impedance which is substantially greater than the input impedance of the cathode. In another embodiment of the invention, amplifier means are provided for applying the excitatory voltage signal to a control grid of the electron gun and a feedback signal generating means is provided for sensing the beam current of the electron gun and generating a feedback signal as a function of the sensed current.

Abstract: System for transmitting and receiving two complete color television pictures from two separate sources in common synchronism wherein the odd-numbered fields of the picture from one of the sources are transmitted in alternation with even-numbered fields of the other of the sources and wherein reception and reconstruction of the two pictures is accomplished by alternately storing the successive odd- and even-numbered fields in a field store having a delay of one field plus or minus half a line and recombining the delayed fields with their respective undelayed fields to recreate the two separate pictures. By utilizing a delay of exactly one field plus or minus half a line (i.e.