Abstract: Photovoltaic cells comprising an active layer comprising, as p-type material, conjugated polymers such as polythiophene and regioregular polythiophene, and as n-type material at least one fullerene derivative. The fullerene derivative can be C60, C70, or C84. The fullerene also can be functionalized with indene groups. Improved efficiency can be achieved.

Abstract: Photovoltaic cells comprising an active layer comprising, as p-type material, conjugated polymers such as polythiophene and regioregular polythiophene, and as n-type material at least one fullerene derivative. The fullerene derivative can be C60, C70, or C84. The fullerene also can be functionalized with indene groups. Improved efficiency can be achieved.

Abstract: Photovoltaic cells comprising an active layer comprising, as p-type material, conjugated polymers such as polythiophene and regioregular polythiophene, and as n-type material at least one fullerene derivative. The fullerene derivative can be C60, C70, or C84. The fullerene also can be functionalized with indene groups. Improved efficiency can be achieved.

Abstract: Photovoltaic cells comprising an active layer comprising, as p-type material, conjugated polymers such as polythiophene and regioregular polythiophene, and as n-type material at least one fullerene derivative. The fullerene derivative can be C60, C70, or C84. The fullerene also can be functionalized with indene groups. Improved efficiency can be achieved.

Abstract: Photovoltaic cells comprising an active layer comprising, as p-type material, conjugated polymers such as polythiophene and regioregular polythiophene, and as n-type material at least one fullerene derivative. The fullerene derivative can be C60, C70, or C84. The fullerene also can be functionalized with indene groups. Improved efficiency can be achieved.

Abstract: Photovoltaic cells comprising an active layer comprising, as p-type material, conjugated polymers such as polythiophene and regioregular polythiophene, and as n-type material at least one fullerene derivative. The fullerene derivative can be C60, C70, or C84. The fullerene also can be functionalized with indene groups. Improved efficiency can be achieved.

Abstract: Photovoltaic cells comprising an active layer comprising, as p-type material, conjugated polymers such as polythiophene and regioregular polythiophene, and as n-type material at least one fullerene derivative. The fullerene derivative can be C60, C70, or C84. The fullerene also can be functionalized with indene groups. Improved efficiency can be achieved.

Abstract: Photovoltaic cells comprising an active layer comprising, as p-type material, conjugated polymers such as polythiophene and regioregular polythiophene, and as n-type material at least one fullerene derivative. The fullerene derivative can be C60, C70, or C84. The fullerene also can be functionalized with indene groups. Improved efficiency can be achieved.

Abstract: In a first embodiment of the present invention, in order to increase the number of holes injected into the emissive layer, an intermixed layer is formed from the intermixing of the hole transport layer (“HTL”) and the emissive layer. The intermixed layer is between the HTL and the emissive layer of the OLED device. Alternatively, in a second embodiment of the present invention, in order to increase the number of holes injected into the emissive layer, a separate interlayer is incorporated within the OLED device. The interlayer is comprised of a hole transport material in which one of its components is at least partially replaced with one of the components of the emissive layer that is responsible for hole injection and transport. The separate interlayer is between the anode and the emissive layer of the OLED device. One or more intermediate layers may be present between the interlayer and the anode such as, for example, a HTL may be present between those two layers.

Abstract: Photovoltaic cells comprising an active layer comprising, as p-type material, conjugated polymers such as polythiophene and regioregular polythiophene, and as n-type material at least one fullerene derivative. The fullerene derivative can be C60, C70, or C84. The fullerene also can be functionalized with indene groups. Improved efficiency can be achieved.

Abstract: What is disclosed is an organic light emitting diode (OLED) based device which has been exposed to an environment including a mixture of gases and moisture in the form of water vapor, for a specified period of time prior to the device being encapsulated. The environment may contain oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, argon or atmospheric air or a combination thereof.

Abstract: An electronic device protected by a novel barrier layer is provided. The barrier layer can protect against contamination and degradation arising from many sources, including oxidation and moisture. The barrier layer includes a barrier material that can include oxides, carbides, and compositions of sodium, aluminum, and fluorine.

Abstract: An OLED application such as a light source is disclosed which has OLED elements utilizing an active EL (electro-luminescent) layer comprised of two elements, a host element emitting in a first spectrum and a dopant element emitting in a second spectrum different from the first. The OLED device also has a luminescent material disposed on the substrate or transparent electrode which converts the emission spectrum of light from the active EL layer.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention pertains to an electrode that includes a metal oxide layer, and a conductive layer on that metal oxide layer. The metal oxide layer is an alkali metal oxide or an alkaline earth metal oxide that is formed by: (1) decomposing a compound that includes (a) oxygen and (b) an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, or (2) thermally reacting at least two compounds where one of the at least two compounds includes the alkali metal or the alkaline earth metal, and another one of the at least two compounds includes oxygen. The metal oxide layer can also be formed by thermally reacting at least two compounds where one of those compounds includes (a) oxygen and (b) an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device has a hole transporting interlayer which incorporates nanostructures, including carbon nanostructures. In some embodiments, other layers such as the emissive layer of the device can also incorporate nanostructures therein.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention pertains to an electrode that is substantially transparent and conductive and that is incorporated within an organic electronic device. This electrode includes a first layer and a second layer that is on the first layer. The electrode optionally includes a third layer on the second layer. The first layer, the second layer, and the third layer are exposed to a medium and reactions between various combinations of the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, and the medium produce the substantially transparent and conductive electrode.

Abstract: In a first embodiment of the present invention, in order to increase the number of holes injected into the emissive layer, an intermixed layer is formed from the intermixing of the hole transport layer (“HTL”) and the emissive layer. The intermixed layer is between the HTL and the emissive layer of the OLED device. Alternatively, in a second embodiment of the present invention, in order to increase the number of holes injected into the emissive layer, a separate interlayer is incorporated within the OLED device. The interlayer is comprised of a hole transport material in which one of its components is at least partially replaced with one of the components of the emissive layer that is responsible for hole injection and transport. The separate interlayer is between the anode and the emissive layer of the OLED device. One or more intermediate layers may be present between the interlayer and the anode such as, for example, a HTL may be present between those two layers.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention pertains to an electrode that includes a metal oxide layer, and a conductive layer on that metal oxide layer. The metal oxide layer is an alkali metal oxide or an alkaline earth metal oxide that is formed by: (1) decomposing a compound that includes (a) oxygen and (b) an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, or (2) thermally reacting at least two compounds where one of the at least two compounds includes the alkali metal or the alkaline earth metal, and another one of the at least two compounds includes oxygen. The metal oxide layer can also be formed by thermally reacting at least two compounds where one of those compounds includes (a) oxygen and (b) an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.

Abstract: What is disclosed is an organic light emitting diode (OLED) based device which has been exposed to an environment including a mixture of gases and moisture in the form of water vapor, for a specified period of time prior to the device being encapsulated. The environment may contain oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, argon or atmospheric air or a combination thereof.

Abstract: In one embodiment of an OLED device, a hole injection/transport layer is added to the device structure in order to increase the number of holes injected into the emissive layer and reduce the number of electrons injected into the added hole injection/transport layer. In a first configuration of the added hole injection/transport layer, the added hole injection/transport layer is comprised of a non-doped hole transporting material that has an IP range between the highest IP value of the adjacent layer on the anode-end and the lowest IP value of the adjacent layer on the “emissive layer”-end. Optionally, in addition, nearly all electron affinities of the added hole injection/transport layer are less than the lowest electron affinity of the adjacent layer on the “emissive layer”-end. In a second configuration of the added hole injection/transport layer, this layer is formed by doping the hole transport material. The dopant is able to abstract electrons from the hole transporting material.