Abstract: A track rail fastening system includes a rail cushion positionable laterally between a first fastener assembly and a second fastener assembly. The rail cushion includes a first full-length pad and a second full-length pad, and a pin field formed by a plurality of deformable pins. The first full-length pad and the second full-length pad define a first rail cushioning plane. The deformable pins in the pin field define a second rail cushioning plane. The cushion is deformable between a rest configuration where the cushioning planes are spaced, and a loaded configuration where the cushioning planes are co-planar. Primary, lower load deformable pins are configured to deflect such that under sufficient load both the primary, lower load deformable pins, and secondary, higher load pins engage an underlying substrate.

Abstract: A flat bar elastic rail clip in which the flat bar is turned back on itself so that one portion is longer than the other. The flat bar incorporates an opening in both portions to accommodate a rail spike that is held in the rail tie. This type of spike is usually used in combination with a concrete tie and a guide plate that seats on the rail seat of the tie. The combination of a shaped flat bar clip which is capable of providing both rail clamping and rollover protection configurations in combination with a guide plate and spike.

Abstract: A low maintenance rail seat has recess in the concrete tie and an abrasion plate that covers the floor of the recess and its sides parallel to the rail base. The abrasion plate includes ribs which seat in additional recesses in the tie to retard longitudinal movement. The anti-abrasion assembly preferably has four flanges which wrap around the top of concrete tie to prevent dust particles from entering and abrading the concrete rail seat. These flanges also wrap around the support shoulder for additional resistance to longitudinal movement. The components are designed to provide 8.5? of lateral support along the side of the rail base while the traditional e clip fastener provides only 3? of lateral support. The interlock feature between the anti-abrasion assembly and the concrete tie also minimizes relative movement between abrasion plate and concrete tie, which results in less concrete surface abrasion.

Abstract: A low maintenance rail seat has recess in the concrete tie and an abrasion plate that covers the floor of the recess and its sides parallel to the rail base. The abrasion plate includes ribs which seat in additional recesses in the tie to retard longitudinal movement. The anti-abrasion assembly preferably has four flanges which wrap around the top of concrete tie to prevent dust particles from entering and abrading the concrete rail seat. These flanges also wrap around the support shoulder for additional resistance to longitudinal movement. The components are designed to provide 8.5? of lateral support along the side of the rail base while the traditional e clip fastener provides only 3? of lateral support. The interlock feature between the anti-abrasion assembly and the concrete tie also minimizes relative movement between abrasion plate and concrete tie, which results in less concrete surface abrasion.

Abstract: A flat bar elastic rail clip in which the flat bar is turned back on itself so that one portion is longer than the other. The flat bar incorporates an opening in both portions to accommodate a rail spike that is held in the rail tie. This type of spike is usually used in combination with a concrete tie and a guide plate that seats on the rail seat of the tie. The combination of a shaped flat bar clip which is capable of providing both rail clamping and rollover protection configurations in combination with a guide plate and spike.

Abstract: A rail clip for fastening railway rails to rail ties.

Abstract: A rail clip for fastening railway rails to rail ties.

Abstract: A rail seat includes a concrete rail tie; a pair of rail clip support shoulders cast in place in said rail tie each said shoulder having a rail face between its external sides; a pair of shoulder insulators each shaped to lie against the rail face of the rail shoulder; a pair of rail clips each having a base section adapted to seat within the rail clip support shoulder and a toe section adapted to seat on the rail base.

Abstract: A rail seat includes a concrete rail tie; a pair of rail clip support shoulders cast in place in said rail tie each said shoulder having a rail face between its external sides; a pair of shoulder insulators each shaped to lie against the rail face of the rail shoulder; a pair of rail clips each having a base section adapted to seat within the rail clip support shoulder and a toe section adapted to seat on the rail base.

Abstract: A two-part rail clip insulator (40, 50) for a tie and rail seat assembly that enables the seat to be pre-assembled at the rail tie fabrication plant into a preloaded position where a rail (2) may be laid on the tie (5) on site, the clips (30) being movable to the loaded position after the rail is placed in position.

Abstract: A two-part rail clip insulator (40, 50) for a tie and rail seat assembly that enables the seat to be pre-assembled at the rail tie fabrication plant into a preloaded position where a rail (2) may be laid on the tie (5) on site, the clips (30) being movable to the loaded position after the rail is placed in position.

Abstract: Improved jitter performance is realized in a desynchronizer for obtaining an asynchronous digital signal, e.g., a DS3 signal, from a received synchronous digital signal, e.g., a SONET STS-1 signal. The improved jitter performance results from the use of a unique dynamic bit leaking arrangement in conjunction with a digital phase locked loop and desynchronizing elastic store. An optimum bit leak interval is obtained by controllably leaking a greater number of shorter interval STS-1 bits than the number of received pointer adjustment bits. Additionally, the affect of random pointer adjustments and the superposition of randomly received pointer adjustments on a periodic sequence of received pointer adjustments is minimized by employing a "static" queue of pointer adjustment bits to be leaked. The queue is dynamically maintained at its "static" count so that there are always bits in the queue to be leaked at the desired optimum bit leak interval even in the presence of randomly received pointer adjustments.

Abstract: Improved jitter performance is realized in a desynchronizer for obtaining an asynchronous digital signal, e.g., a DS3 signal, from a received synchronous digital signal, e.g., a SONET STS-1 signal. The improved jitter performance results from the use of a unique adaptive bit leaking arrangement in conjunction with a digital phase locked loop and synchronizing elastic store. An estimate of a bit leaking interval is adaptively obtained based on the intervals between a sequence of consecutive pointer adjustments in the received signal, i.e., the STS-1 signal. In one embodiment, the bit leaking interval estimate is obtained by employing a moving average of the intervals between the pointer adjustments. The desired bit leaking is effected by employing an accumulator which is responsive to the received pointer adjustments and a representation of the estimated bit leaking interval, in conjunction with a comparator.