Abstract: An “in-line” device to continuously remove dissolved gasses from liquid metal is described. The device described herein may contain an apparatus to create a partial vacuum, one or more ultrasonic vibrators below the surface of the liquid metal to evolve gas bubbles within the metal, and a high-frequency vibrating metal plate which the fluid must pass over at a low depth. The device may be used to create high quality metals, including aluminum and aluminum alloy for a number of demanding applications such as pharmaceutical, semiconductor, foil, and aerospace applications including Aluminum-Lithium alloys.

Abstract: An “in-line” device to continuously remove dissolved gasses from liquid metal is described. The device described herein may contain an apparatus to create a partial vacuum, one or more ultrasonic vibrators below the surface of the liquid metal to evolve gas bubbles within the metal, and a high-frequency vibrating metal plate which the fluid must pass over at a low depth. The device may be used to create high quality metals, including aluminum and aluminum alloy for a number of demanding applications such as pharmaceutical, semiconductor, foil, and aerospace applications including Aluminum-Lithium alloys.

Abstract: A known "spark cup process" may be operated without the spark cup if the violent fluctuations in the melt surface with which the electric arc is struck are accommodated so as to allow the electric arc to be maintained substantially continuously. Controlling the dynamic profile of the melt surface without a spark cup allows continuous operation of the electric arc which generates enough plasma to permit addition of as much as 1000 lb/hr of a spray of superheated feed material to a flowing stream of melt which assimilates the feed material.