Abstract: An apparatus for preparing and refurbishing trenches having two cutters supported on a frame. During operation of the apparatus, the cutters rotate about an axis to prepare the trench. The distance between the cutters as well as the angle of the cutters are adjustable to change the size and shape of the trench. A cover is placed over the cutters and has a remotely adjustable orientation which can be varied to select the direction of earth being projected over the side of the trench during operation. The cutters are preferably powered by dedicated motors, and include a multiplicity of blades mounted on dual levels to increase efficiency of cutting the trench.

Abstract: A seeding apparatus is provided which includes a V-shaped frame having forward and rear arms of which the forward arm is hitchable to a tractor or other vehicle for pulling such apparatus. The seeding apparatus includes a carriage assembly which supports a furrow opener at one end of the carriage assembly adjacent the V-shaped frame. The seeding apparatus further includes a furrow closer at the remaining end of the carriage assembly. The carriage assembly is coupled to the rear arm of the frame by a spring mechanism which downwardly biases the furrow opener and closer toward the soil when the furrow opener and closer are in contact with the same. A second dual spring mechanism is situated between the hitch and the forward arm of the frame to further bias the furrow opener and closer downwardly when the furrow opener and closer contact the soil.