Abstract: A membrane assembly for fluid separations consisting of a compact stack of alternating layers of membrane with layers of fluid conducting materials. The assembly consists of a simplified and improved plate and frame apparatus. The stacked assembly may be placed into a pressure containment device consisting of standard pipe with standard methods of closure. Internal fluid conducting passages are formed from cutouts in the stacked layers thereby greatly simplifying the manufacture and assembly of large diameter fluid separation devices using membranes to effect the fluid separations. The fluid pathways are such that the membrane assembly is particularly efficient in separation.

Abstract: A casing for enclosing and fireproofing electric conductors comprises of fire resistant side walls and having means for being supported by the conductor supports. In several embodiments, the casing has ventilation openings and heat responsive means for closing the openings.