Abstract: A method for providing 11C-labeled cyanides from 11C labeled oxides in a target gas stream retrieved from an irradiated high pressure gaseous target containing O2, wherein 11C labeled oxides are reduced with H2 in the presence of a nickel catalyst under a pressure and a temperature sufficient to form a product stream comprising at least about 95% 11CH4, the 11CH4 is then combined with an excess of NH3 in a carrier/reaction stream flowing at an accelerated velocity and the combined 11CH4 carrier/reaction stream is then contacted with a platinum (Pt) catalyst particulate supported on a substantially-chemically-nonreactive heat-stable support at a temperature of at least about 900° C., whereby a product stream comprising at least about 60% H11CN is provided in less than 10 minutes from retrieval of the 11C labeled oxide.

Abstract: A method for providing 11C-labeled cyanides from 11C labeled oxides in a target gas stream retrieved from an irradiated high pressure gaseous target containing O2, wherein 11C labeled oxides are reduced with H2 in the presence of a nickel catalyst under a pressure and a temperature sufficient to form a product stream comprising at least about 95% 11CH4, the 11CH4 is then combined with an excess of NH3 in a carrier/reaction stream flowing at an accelerated velocity and the combined 11CH4 carrier/reaction stream is then contacted with a platinum (Pt) catalyst particulate supported on a substantially-chemically-nonreactive heat-stable support at a temperature of at least about 900° C., whereby a product stream comprising at least about 60% H 11CN is provided in less than 10 minutes from retrieval of the 11C labeled oxide.

Abstract: A method for providing 11C-labeled cyanides from 11C labeled oxides in a target gas stream retrieved from an irradiated high pressure gaseous target containing O2 is provided, wherein 11C labeled oxides are reduced with H2 in the presence of a nickel catalyst under a pressure and a temperature sufficient to form a product stream comprising at least about 95% 11CH4 , the 11CH4 is then combined with an excess of NH3 in a carrier/reaction stream flowing at an accelerated velocity and the combined 11CH4 carrier/reaction stream is then contacted with a platinum (Pt) catalyst particulate supported on a substantially-chemically-nonreactive heat-stable support at a temperature of at least about 900 ° C., whereby a product stream comprising at least about 60%H11CN is provided in less than 10 minutes from retrieval of the 11C labeled oxide.

Abstract: A method for providing 11C-labeled cyanides from 11C labeled oxides in a target gas stream retrieved from an irradiated high pressure gaseous target containing O2, wherein 11C labeled oxides are reduced with H2 in the presence of a nickel catalyst under a pressure and a temperature sufficient to form a product stream comprising at least about 95% 11CH4, the 11CH4 is then combined with an excess of NH3 in a carrier/reaction stream flowing at an accelerated velocity and the combined 11CH4 carrier/reaction stream is then contacted with a platinum (Pt) catalyst particulate supported on a substantially-chemically-nonreactive heat-stable support at a temperature of at least about 900° C., whereby a product stream comprising at least about 60% H11CN is provided in less than 10 minutes from retrieval of the 11C labeled oxide.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition, a method of making and a method of using critical clusters for asymmetric synthesis using substantially optically-pure chiral solvent molecules in a supercritical fluid. The solvent molecules are capable of forming a multipoint hydrogen bonded solvate as they encage at least one solute molecule. The encaged solute molecule is capable of reacting to form an optically active chiral center. In another aspect, there is disclosed a method of directing the position of bonding between a solute molecule and a ligand involving encaging the solute molecule and the ligand with polar solvent molecules in a supercritical fluid under conditions of temperature and pressure sufficient to change electric charge distribution in the solute molecule.

Abstract: A target includes a body having a depression in a front side for holding a sample for irradiation by a particle beam to produce a radioisotope. Cooling fins are disposed on a backside of the body opposite the depression. A foil is joined to the body front side to cover the depression and sample therein. A perforate grid is joined to the body atop the foil for supporting the foil and for transmitting the particle beam therethrough. A coolant is circulated over the fins to cool the body during the particle beam irradiation of the sample in the depression.

Abstract: Apparatus for performing organic synthetic reactions, particularly no-carrier-added nucleophilic radiofluorination reactions for PET radiotracer production. The apparatus includes an optical reaction cell and a source of broadband infrared radiant energy, which permits direct coupling of the emitted radiant energy with the reaction medium to heat the reaction medium. Preferably, the apparatus includes means for focusing the emitted radiant energy into the reaction cell, and the reaction cell itself is preferably configured to reflect transmitted radiant energy back into the reaction medium to further improve the efficiency of the apparatus. The apparatus is well suited to the production of high-yield syntheses of 2-?.sup.18 F!fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose. Also provided is a method for performing organic synthetic reactions, including the manufacture of ?.sup.18 F!-labeled compounds useful as PET radiotracers, and particularly for the preparation of 2-?.sup.

Abstract: A handling and processing apparatus for preparing Oxygen-15 labeled water (H.sub.2 [.sup.15 O]) in injectable form for use in Positron Emission Tomography from preferably H.sub.2 [.sup.15 O] produced by irradiating a flowing gas target of nitrogen and hydrogen. The apparatus includes a collector for receiving and directing a gas containing H.sub.2 [.sup.15 O] gas and impurities, mainly ammonia (NH.sub.3) gas into sterile water to trap the H.sub.2 [.sup.15 O] and form ammonium (NH.sub.4.sup.+) in the sterile water. A device for displacing the sterile water containing H.sub.2 [.sup.15 O] and NH.sub.4.sup.+ through a cation resin removes NH.sub.4.sup.+ from the sterile water. A device for combining the sterile water containing H.sub.2 [.sup.15 O] with a saline solution produces an injectable solution. Preferably, the apparatus includes a device for delivering the solution to a syringe for injection into a patient. Also, disclosed is a method for preparing H.sub.2 [.sup.

Abstract: A process for simultaneously producing PET-usable quantities of [.sup.13 N]NH.sub.3 and [.sup.18 F]F.sup.- for radiotracer synthesis is disclosed. The process includes producing [.sup.13 N]NO.sub.2.sup.- /NO.sub.3.sup.- and [.sup.18 F]F.sup.- simultaneously by exposing a low-enriched (20%-30%) [.sup.18 O]H.sub.2 O target to proton irradiation, sequentially isolating the [.sup.13 N]NO.sub.2.sup.- /NO.sub.3.sup.- and [.sup.18 F]F.sup.- from the [.sup.18 O]H.sub.2 O target, and reducing the [.sup.13 N]NO.sub.2.sup.- /NO.sub.3.sup.- to [.sup.13 N]NH.sub.3. The [.sup.13 N]NH.sub.3 and [.sup.18 F]F.sup.- products are then conveyed to a laboratory for radiotracer applications. The process employs an anion exchange resin for isolation of the isotopes from the [.sup.18 O]H.sub.2 O, and sequential elution of [.sup.13 N]NO.sub.2.sup.- /NO.sub.3.sup.- and [ .sup.18 F]F.sup.- fractions. Also the apparatus is disclosed for simultaneously producing PET-usable quantities of [.sup.13 N]NH.sub.3 and [.sup.18 F]F.sup.