Abstract: Activating an engine of a HEV to charge a battery includes obtaining a first GPS trace from a first trip of the HEV along a first route, where the first GPS trace includes first trace metadata; obtaining a second GPS trace from a second trip, where the second GPS trace includes second trace metadata; adding, to a navigation map, an aggregation of the first trace metadata and the second trace metadata for edges of the navigation map; using the navigation map to obtain an activation action of the engine, where the activation action is selected from a set that includes a first activation action of turning the engine on and a second activation action of turning the engine off; and activating the engine according to the activation action, where activating the engine using the first activation action causes the engine to turn on to charge the battery of the HEV.

Abstract: In some implementations, a user device may present, on a user interface (UI) associated with a user account, a first UI element. The user device may detect a user interaction, with the user device, indicating the first UI element. The user device may present, on the UI and based on the user interaction, a second UI element, which increases in length in a first direction from a start point, along a closed path around the first UI element and ending at the start point, while the user interaction is being detected. The second UI element completes the closed path when an interaction duration satisfies a duration threshold, which indicates a confirmation of a request for an action associated with the user account. The duration threshold is based on one or more parameters associated with one or more of the action, the user account, or the user interaction.

Abstract: In some implementations, a user device may present, on a user interface (UI) associated with a user account, a first UI element. The user device may detect a user interaction, with the user device, indicating the first UI element. The user device may present, on the UI and based on the user interaction, a second UI element, which increases in length in a first direction from a start point, along a closed path around the first UI element and ending at the start point, while the user interaction is being detected. The second UI element completes the closed path when an interaction duration satisfies a duration threshold, which indicates a confirmation of a request for an action associated with the user account. The duration threshold is based on one or more parameters associated with one or more of the action, the user account, or the user interaction.

Abstract: In some implementations, a user device may present, on a user interface (UI) associated with a user account, a first UI element. The user device may detect a user interaction, with the user device, indicating the first UI element. The user device may present, on the UI and based on the user interaction, a second UI element, which increases in length in a first direction from a start point, along a closed path around the first UI element and ending at the start point, while the user interaction is being detected. The second UI element completes the closed path when an interaction duration satisfies a duration threshold, which indicates a confirmation of a request for an action associated with the user account. The duration threshold is based on one or more parameters associated with one or more of the action, the user account, or the user interaction.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for tuning a liquid crystal filter to the wavelength of incoming electromagnetic radiation (such as visible light) by exploiting the AC error signal produced by the filter when a tuning error is present.

Abstract: A heavy-metal-free sequence leading to a superior, more economical, and scalable process for the high efficiency conversion of hexaallylhexaazaisowurtzitane (HAllylIW) to hexanitohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20).

Abstract: A heavy-metal-free sequence leading to a superior, more economical, and scalable process for the high efficiency conversion of hexaallylhexaazaisowurtzitane (HAllylIW) to hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20).

Abstract: The present invention describes a novel heavy-metal-free sequence leading to a superior, more economical, and scalable process for the high efficiency conversion of hexaallylhexaazaisowurtzitane (HAllylIW) to hexa(1-propenyl)hexaazaisowurtzitane (HPIW) and hence via reaction with singlet oxygen and subsequent nitrolysis to hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20).

Abstract: A composition and method of manufacturing the same. Embodiments of an aspect of the invention relate to the formula C(CH2NF2)4 having the name octafluoropentaerythrityltetramine (octafluoro-PETA). In embodiments of another aspect generally relate to a method for manufacturing octafluoropentaerythrityltetramine (octafluoro-PETA) including, basifying pentaerythrityltetramine tetrahydrochloride in an aqueous solution with an aqueous alkali and treating with alkyl chloroformate for producing a tetraalkyl pentaerythrityltetra carbamate, extracting the compound into a nonaqueous solvent suitable for extraction from water and removing the solvent for providing a pure form of tetraethyl pentaerythrityltetracarbamate, bubbling elemental fluorine and/or mixtures of fluorine with an inert gas through tetraalkyl pentaerythrityltetracarbamate in a solvent suitable for direct fluorinations of protected amines until excess fluorine appears, and purifying the resultant octafluoropentaerythrityltetramine.

Abstract: The present invention describes a novel heavy-metal-free sequence leading to a superior, more economical, and scalable process for the high efficiency conversion of hexaallylhexaazaisowurtzitane (HAllylIW) to hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20). The process of the present invention avoids both the preparation of benzyl chloride, which uses elemental chlorine, and catalytic hydrogenolysis steps that require palladium metal/compounds. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract that will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope of the claims.

Abstract: A one-pot process for making energetic cast cured binders making di-tetrazoles to produce di-functional di-tetrazole diols for making tetrazole base polymers. Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to a process for preparation of a di-functional monomer including reacting an effective amount of nitrile(s) with inorganic azide and a divalent zinc salt in a first solvent, cooling to room temperature producing a di-tetrazole, purifying said di-tetrazole by recrystallization in a second solvent, and reacting an effective amount of said purified di-tetrazole with a third solvent, a soluble reversible or non-reversible base, and 2-chloro-ethanol, cooling to room temperature producing a di-tetrazole diol and is prepared in a one-pot process. Embodiments of the present invention further include the monomers produced by the one-pot process described herein.

Abstract: A method of making films surface imprinted with nanometer-sized particles to produce micro- and/or nano-structured electron and hole collecting interfaces, include providing at least one transparent substrate, providing at least one photoabsorbing conjugated polymer, providing a sufficient amount of nanometer-sized particles to produce a charge separation interface, providing at least one transparent polymerizable layer, embedding the nanometer-sized particles in the conjugated polymer, applying the polymerizable layer and the conjugated polymer/nanometer-sized particle mixture on separate substrates where the nanometer-sized particles form a stamp surface, imprinting the stamp surface into the surface of the polymerizable film layer to produce micro- and/or nano-structured electron and hole collecting interfaces, polymerizing the polymerizable film layer to form a conformal gap, and filling the gap with at least one photoabsorbing material to promote the generation of photoexcited electrons and transport to

Abstract: A process for making energetic urethane cured binders by making poly-tetrazoles to produce multi-functional tetrazole polyols for producing tetrazole base polymers. Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to a process for preparation of a monomer including reacting an effective amount of nitrile(s) with inorganic azide and a divalent zinc salt in a first solvent, cooling to room temperature producing poly tetrazole purifying the poly tetrazole by recrystallization or precipitation in a second solvent, and reacting an effective amount of the purified poly-tetrazole with a third solvent, a soluble reversible or non-reversible base, and 2-chloro-ethanol, cooling to room temperature producing tetrazole polyol. Embodiments of the present invention further include the monomers produced by the processes described herein.

Abstract: A method of making films surface imprinted with nanometer-sized particles to produce micro- and/or nano-structured electron and hole collecting interfaces, include providing at least one transparent substrate, providing at least one photoabsorbing conjugated polymer, providing a sufficient amount of nanometer-sized particles to produce a charge separation interface, providing at least one transparent polymerizable layer, embedding the nanometer-sized particles in the conjugated polymer, applying the polymerizable layer and the conjugated polymer/nanometer-sized particle mixture on separate substrates where the nanometer-sized particles form a stamp surface, imprinting the stamp surface into the surface of the polymerizable film layer to produce micro- and/or nano-structured electron and hole collecting interfaces, polymerizing the polymerizable film layer to form a conformal gap, and filling the gap with at least one photoabsorbing material to promote the generation of photoexcited electrons and transport to

Abstract: A film surface imprinted with nanometer-sized particles to produce micro- and/or nano-structured electron and hole collecting interfaces, including: at least one substrate; at least one photoabsorbing conjugated polymer (including polybutylthiophene (pbT)) applied on a substrate, nanometer-sized particles including multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) to produce a charge separation interface; at least one transparent polymerizable layer, wherein the MWNT are embedded in the conjugated polymer to produce mixture and applied on a substrate to form a MWNT bearing surface film layer to form a stamp surface which is imprinted into the surface of the polymerizable film layer to produce micro- and/or nano-structured electron and hole collecting interfaces; polymerizing the polymerizable film layer to form a conformal gap between the MWNT stamp surface and the surface of the polymerizable film layer, and filling the gap with a photoabsorbing material to promote the generation of photoexcited electrons and transport to

Abstract: A polyimide is disclosed of the formula: CG1 and CG2 are independently electron-accepting and/or electron-donating groups; x is an integer from about 3 to about 3000; ODAH is any of a number of known dianhydride residues; ODAM is any of a number of known diamine residues; and m, n, o, and p cumulatively add to 1.0, with the sum of m and n ranging from about 0.05 to about 1.0, the sum of o and p ranging from about 0 to about 0.95, the sum of m and o being about 0.5 and the sum of n and p being about 0.5. In addition, a film structure comprising the polyimide and devices utilizing the film structure are disclosed.

Abstract: A polyimide is disclosed of the formula: 1

Abstract: An electron accepting monomer having the formula: 1

Abstract: An electronically active film comprising a compound of the formula: 1

Abstract: Fine aluminum powders are prepared by decomposing alane-adducts in organic solvents under an inert atmosphere to provide highly uniform particles and believed particularly effective as fuels and additives, in pyrotechnics, and in energetic materials. Effective adduct species are trialkyl amines and tetramethylethylenediamine, ethers and other aromatic amines. Effective production is obtained at atmospheric pressure and at temperatures as low as 50° C. with xylene solvent. Toluene, dioxane, and tetramethylethylenediamine were also effective solvents. Aliphatic solvents and other aromatic and polar solvents are believed effective. Titanium catalyst was provided as a halide, amide, and alkoxide; and it is believed that the corresponding compounds of zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, and tantalum are effective as catalysts. Particle size was controlled by varying catalyst concentration and by varying the concentration of an adducting species.