Abstract: A laser crafting apparatus for directing electromagnetic radiation toward a workpiece may include various features. For example, the laser crafting apparatus may include a material support tray that is removably supported within an internal volume of the laser crafting apparatus. Further, the apparatus may include pre-filter disposed in a ventilation pathway between a workspace region of the internal volume and an extractor fan. The laser crafting apparatus may include a laser carriage assembly that houses a laser module and the assembly may include a lens tray detachably coupled to the support structure of the laser carriage assembly. In various embodiments, the laser crafting apparatus includes a lid having a radiation attenuation layer and a fire suppression layer.

Abstract: A conveying screw having a tubular helical flight attached only at its opposite end portions to a hollow conveying screw body. Heat exchange medium introduced into the hollow body is transferred along the tubular helical flight.

Abstract: Heat exchanging apparatus for handling solids, slurries, gels, filter cakes, powders, and the like, for continuous indirect heating, drying, cooling or reaction of materials passed through the apparatus. The dryer/heater/cooler apparatus is characterized by a stationary horizontal vessel with a rotary heat exchanger including a tubular shaft on which are mounted a plurality of hollow vertical discs through which a heat exchanging fluid is passed. Material to be treated is admitted to one end of the apparatus housing, transported in an axial direction through the annular space between the rotor discs and the vessel toward the discharge end and discharged through an overflow weir after the desired residence time. Several rotor disc designs are shown and described.