Abstract: Antibacterial activity is exhibited by .beta.-lactams having a sulfonic acid salt substituent in the 1-position and an amino or acylamino substituent in the 3-position.

Abstract: Cultivation of the microorganism Chromobacterium violaceum A.T.C.C. No. 31532 yields two novel compounds which have been designated SQ 28,504 and SQ 28,546 in addition to EM5117, a previously disclosed antibacterial compound.

Abstract: Aerocavin, a novel antibiotic substance having the structure ##STR1## and aerocyanidin, a novel antibiotic substance having the structure ##STR2## can be prepared by cultivation of the microorganism Aerocavin caviae SC 14,030 A.T.C.C. No. 53434.

Abstract: Aerocavin, a novel antibiotic substance having the structure ##STR1## and aerocyanidin, a novel antibiotic substance having the structure ##STR2## can be prepared by cultivation of the microorganism Aerocavin caviae SC 14,030 A.T.C.C. No. 53434.

Abstract: Cultivation of a strain of the microorganism Pseudomonas cepacia which has been deposited in the American Type Culture Collection as A.T.C.C. No. 39277, yields novel antibiotic substances xylocandin A and xylocandin B having activity against yeasts and fungi.

Abstract: Cultivation of a strain of the microorganism Pseudomonas fluorescens A.T.C.C. No. 39502 yields a novel antibiotic substance 2,3-dihydroxy-N-[2-[(4-nitrophenyl)methyl]-4-oxo-3-oxetanyl]benzamide.

Abstract: A pharmaceutically acceptable salt of (R)-3-(acetylamino)-3-methoxy-2-oxo-1-azetidinesulfonic acid can be prepared by culturing Chromobacterium violaceum A.T.C.C. No. 31532 at about 25.degree. C. under submerged aerobic conditions on an aqueous nutrient medium containing an assimilable carbohydrate and nitrogen source.

Abstract: Cultivation of a strain of the microorganism Pseudomonas cepacia SC 11,783, A.T.C.C. No. 39356 yields a novel antibiotic substance which is made up of two compounds, i.e., 5-[3-[3-(hepta-1,2-dien-4,6-diynyl)oxiran-2-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-propanyl]dihyd ro-2(3H)-furanone and 5-[[3-[3-(hepta-1,2-dien-4,6-diynyl)-2-oxiranyl]-2-oxiranyl]hydroxymethyl] dihydro-2(3H)-furanone.

Abstract: The invention provides novel antibiotic cefuroxime esters of the formula ##STR1## (wherein R is a primary or secondary alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms). These compounds are useful as orally administrable broad spectrum antibiotics.

Abstract: Synergistic activity against Candida albicans and Trichomonas vaginalis is obtained when an antifungal imidazole is combined with an antimicrobial agent selected from the group anisomycin, ascomycin, azalomycin F, brefeldin A, copiamycin, EM4940A, or EM4940B.

Abstract: Culturing aerobically Erwinia carotovora SC 12,637 A.T.C.C. No. 39048 or Erwinia herbicola SC 12,638 A.T.C.C. No. 39049 in a culture medium containing assimilable carbon and nitrogen sources yields 1-carba-2-penem-3-carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Culturing aerobically Serratia sp. SC 11,482 A.T.C.C. No. 39006 in a culture medium containing assimilable carbon and nitrogen sources yields 1-carba-2-penem-3-carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Cultivation of a strain of the microorganism Nocardia sp. 11,340, which has been deposited in the American Type Culture Collection as A.T.C.C. No. 31531, yields a novel antibiotic substance EM 4940, having activity against a range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, fungi, acholeplasma, and the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis.

Abstract: Culturing aerobically Agrobacterium radiobacter no. 31700 in a culture medium containing carbon and nitrogen sources yields the antibiotic substance EM5400, comprising salts of certain azetidinesulfonic acid derivatives.

Abstract: The invention provides novel antibiotic cefuroxime esters of the formula ##STR1## (wherein R.sup.1 is a primary or secondary alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R.sup.2 is a primary or secondary alkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms provided that at least one of the groups R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is methyl). These compounds are useful as orally administrable broad spectrum antibiotics.

Abstract: Cultivation of a strain of the microorganism Nocardia sp. 11,340, which has been deposited in the American Type Culture Collection as A.T.C.C. No. 31531, yields a novel antibiotic substance EM 4940, having activity against a range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, fungi, acholeplasma, and the protozoan Trichomanas vaginalis.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, sodium, potassium, or certain ester groups; R.sub.1 is in the .alpha.-configuration and is hydrogen or methoxy; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from methyl, ethyl, i-propyl, and n-propyl; R.sub.4 is hydrogen, sodium, potassium or certain ester groups, and X is hydrogen, ##STR2## R.sub.6 is hydrogen or lower alkyl; R.sub.7 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, ##STR3## or --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -N-(lower alkyl).sub.2 ; R.sub.8 is hydrogen, sodium or potassium; n is an integer from 1 to 4; are disclosed. These compounds are useful as antibacterial agents.

Abstract: A substance which inhibits the enzyme .beta.-lactamase, produced by a wide range of microorganisms, is obtained when species of the microorganism Micromonospora are cultivated under aerobic fermentation conditions and this inhibitor can be isolated from the fermentation medium by extraction. This substance, denominated EM4615, is useful to enhance the effectiveness of .beta.-lactam antibiotics such as penicillins and cephalosporins.