Abstract: A reinforcing insert for an engine block formed of an engine block material is provided which is positioned in the bearing saddle area of the block for increasing the strength and stiffness of the bearing saddle area to ensure a secure connection of the main bearing cap throughout engine operation thereby ensuring proper crankshaft support and operation. The reinforcing insert is formed of a material having a higher modulus of elasticity than a modulus of elasticity of the engine block material. The insert includes a lower transverse surface for positioning at a lowermost position in the engine block, an upper surface positioned farthest from the crankshaft, a first and second linear side surfaces for positioning on opposite sides of the crankshaft. The linear sides extend from the lower surface along respective planes in nonparallel relation to each other. The linear sides may extend either in a converging or a diverging manner from the lower surface.

Abstract: A reinforcing insert for an engine block formed of a lightweight material is provided which is positioned in the bearing saddle area of the block for increasing the strength and stiffness of the bearing saddle area to ensure a secure connection of the main bearing cap throughout engine operation thereby ensuring proper crankshaft support and operation. The reinforcing insert is formed of a material having a higher modulus of elasticity than a modulus of elasticity of the lightweight engine block material. The insert includes a lower transverse surface for positioning at a lowermost position in the engine block, an upper surface positioned farthest from the crankshaft, a first and second linear side surfaces for positioning on opposite sides of the crankshaft. The linear sides extend from the lower surface along respective planes in nonparallel relation to each other. The linear sides may extend either in a converging or a diverging manner from the lower surface.

Abstract: A spherical joint connecting rod. The connecting rod has a small end which terminates in a sphere or ball, and a big end which is adapted to sliding engage an engine crankshaft. The small end and big end of the connecting rod are coupled by a shank having a substantially elliptical cross-section. The shank has formed therethrough an internal oil passage which allows transmission of lubricating/cooling oil from the engine crankshaft to the spherical joint of the piston and to the piston cooling gallery.

Abstract: This disclosure deals with a reciprocating piston for an internal combustion engine, particularly for a diesel engine. The piston is made of a relatively high strength metal such as iron, and no more material is used than is necessary to withstand the thermal and mechanical loads encountered in use. A circular piston dome is supported by a support part which extends between the dome and a pair of piston pin bosses. The bosses also support arcuate side thrust pads. A ring band is connected to the outer periphery of the dome by a connecting part which is relatively thin and flexible. The dome, the ring band and the support part are generally symmetrical about the axis of the piston. The support part is annular in cross section and may be conical, cylindrical, or partly conical and partly cylindrical.