Abstract: A clear air turbulence (CAT) detection system performs a nested grid modeling algorithm to detect CAT along the flight path of an aircraft. The aircraft stores coarse simulation information and utilizes the information to perform large scale weather modeling over a large grid. On board sensors are utilized to generate observational information to model atmospheric conditions within a smaller grid, nested within the larger grid, and including the flight path of the aircraft. A nowcast predicting turbulence along the flight path in the near future alerts the pilot to the likelihood of encountering clear air turbulence. A data link may be utilized to receive coarse simulation data or observational data from sources external to the aircraft. Additionally, the coarse simulation information may include turbulence forecast data and the observational information is used to refine the turbulence forecast to more accurately predict clear air turbulence along the flight path of the aircraft.

Abstract: The visibility of an image projected onto a background of spatially and temporally varying brightness can be optimized by dynamically adjusting the brightness of the projected image. The brightness of the background is detected on a zone-by-zone basis and the brightnesses of the corresponding portions of the projected image are adjusted accordingly.

Abstract: A content induced transaction overlap communication (CITO) system for transmitting data over a single communication channel permits priority queuing for Senders having critical values. In one configuration, those Senders sensing the critical values transmit a word indicating the critical condition, and polling is limited to a group of sensors which include the sensor subject to the critical value.