Abstract: Provided herein are hydrocarbon compositions suitable for use as a lubricant comprising sulfur between about 30 ppm to about 220 ppm, and aromatics between about 0.2 wt. % to about 3 wt. %. The present hydrocarbon compositions comprise a blend of one or more base stocks and a high-sulfur containing material and can demonstrate an improved oxidation performance as a lubricant in weighted piston deposit merits and/or by viscosity increase.

Abstract: Provided herein are hydrocarbon compositions suitable for use as a lubricant comprising sulfur between about 30 ppm to about 220 ppm, and aromatics between about 0.2 wt. % to about 3 wt. %. The present hydrocarbon compositions comprise a blend of one or more base stocks and a high-sulfur containing material and can demonstrate an improved oxidation performance as a lubricant in weighted piston deposit merits and/or by viscosity increase.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for co-processing of used lubricant oils with a coker feedstock in a fluidized coking process to form lubricant base stocks. The fluidized coking process can remove contaminants and/or additives from used lubricant oils with modest conversion of the lubricant boiling range portion.

Abstract: Disclosed are Group III base stocks comprising at least 30 wt % naphthenes, a viscosity index from 120 to 145; and a unique ratio of molecules with multi-ring naphthenes to single ring naphthenes (2R+N/1RN). A method for preparing the base stocks is also disclosed. Also disclosed is a lubricating oil having the base stock as a major component, and an additive as a minor component.

Abstract: Disclosed are Group III base stocks comprising greater than or equal to about 90 wt. % saturated hydrocarbons (saturates); a viscosity index from 120 to 145; a unique ratio of molecules with multi-ring naphthenes to single ring naphthenes (2R+N/1RN); a unique ratio of branched carbons to straight chain carbons (BC/SC); a unique ratio of branched carbons to terminal carbons (BC/TC); and unique MRV behavior as a function of base stock naphthene ratio (2R+N/1RN). A method for preparing the base stocks is also disclosed. Also disclosed is a lubricating oil having the base stock as a major component, and an additive as a minor component.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for co-processing of used lubricant oils with a coker feedstock in a fluidized coking process to form lubricant base stocks. The fluidized coking process can remove contaminants and/or additives from used lubricant oils with modest conversion of the lubricant boiling range portion.

Abstract: Disclosed are Group III base stocks comprising greater than or equal to about 90 wt. % saturated hydrocarbons (saturates); a viscosity index from 120 to 145; a unique ratio of molecules with multi-ring naphthenes to single ring naphthenes (2R+N/1RN); a unique ratio of branched carbons to straight chain carbons (BC/SC); a unique ratio of branched carbons to terminal carbons (BC/TC); and unique MRV behavior as a function of base stock naphthene ratio (2R+N/1RN). A method for preparing the base stocks is also disclosed. Also disclosed is a lubricating oil having the base stock as a major component, and an additive as a minor component.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for hydroconversion of a heavy oil feed under slurry hydroprocessing conditions and/or solvent assisted hydroprocessing conditions. The systems and methods for slurry hydroconversion can include the use of a configuration that can allow for improved separation of catalyst particles from the slurry hydroprocessing effluent. In addition to allowing for improved catalyst recycle, an amount of fines in the slurry hydroconversion effluent can be reduced or minimized. This can facilitate further processing or handling of any “pitch” generated during the slurry hydroconversion. The systems and methods for solvent assisted hydroprocessing can include processing of a heavy oil feed in conjunction with a high solvency dispersive power crude.

Abstract: Methods and catalysts are provided for performing dewaxing of diesel boiling range fractions, such as trim dewaxing, that allow for production of diesel boiling range fuels with improved cold flow properties at desirable yields. In some aspects, the methods can include use of dewaxing catalysts based on an MEL framework structure (ZSM-11) to provide improved dewaxing activity. This can provide sufficient dewaxing activity to achieve a desired level of improvement in cold flow properties at the lower hydrotreating temperatures that are generally desired near the start of operation of a hydrotreating reactor. In other aspects, the methods can include use of MEL dewaxing catalysts with reduced ratios of molecular sieve to binder so that trim dewaxing can be provided while maintaining a desirable yield under end-of-run hydrotreating conditions.

Abstract: Methods are provided for producing Group II and Group III base stocks with a controlled or consistent aromatics content. An aromatics-rich base stock, such as a Group I base stock or an alkylated aromatic base stock, can be added to the catalytically treated base stock in a minimal amount after the final catalytic treatment step but prior to fractionation. At the beginning of a processing run for forming lubricant base stock products, about 0.25 wt % to about 1.25 wt % of the Group I base stock can be added to a catalytically processed feed after the final catalytic processing stage but prior to fractionation to form the Group II and/or Group III base stock. During the course of the processing run, the amount of Group I base stock added can be reduced roughly in correspondence with the increase in aromatics caused by catalyst deactivation.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon feeds can be hydrotreated in a continuous gas-phase environment and then dewaxed in a liquid-continuous reactor. The liquid-continuous reactor can advantageously be operated in a manner that avoids the need for a hydrogen recycle loop. A contaminant gas can be added to the hydrogen input for the liquid-continuous reactor to modify the hydrogen consumption in the reactor.

Abstract: Methods are provided for producing Group II and Group III base stocks with a controlled or consistent aromatics content. An aromatics-rich base stock, such as a Group I base stock or an alkylated aromatic base stock, can be added to the catalytically treated base stock in a minimal amount after the final catalytic treatment step but prior to fractionation. At the beginning of a processing run for forming lubricant base stock products, about 0.25 wt % to about 1.25 wt % of the Group I base stock can be added to a catalytically processed feed after the final catalytic processing stage but prior to fractionation to form the Group II and/or Group III base stock. During the course of the processing run, the amount of Group I base stock added can be reduced roughly in correspondence with the increase in aromatics caused by catalyst deactivation.

Abstract: The behavior of a monitored condition over time for a reactor or reaction system can be analyzed using groupings or windows of data to identify anomalous features in the time-average values. Anomalous features can be identified based on a threshold value generated from the analysis. Based on identification of an anomalous feature, a corrective action can be taken. For example, when the monitored condition is the pressure drop across a catalyst bed, detection of an anomaly can indicate the time to initiate a wash process for the catalyst bed before a large drop in catalyst activity occurs. By detecting an anomaly at an earlier point in time, a wash cycle can be initiated earlier so that the wash is more effective at restoring the catalyst bed to a desired condition.

Abstract: The behavior of a monitored condition over time for a reactor or reaction system can be analyzed using groupings or windows of data to identify anomalous features in the time-average values. Anomalous features can be identified based on a threshold value generated from the analysis. Based on identification of an anomalous feature, a corrective action can be taken. For example, when the monitored condition is the pressure drop across a catalyst bed, detection of an anomaly can indicate the time to initiate a wash process for the catalyst bed before a large drop in catalyst activity occurs. By detecting an anomaly at an earlier point in time, a wash cycle can be initiated earlier so that the wash is more effective at restoring the catalyst bed to a desired condition.

Abstract: A mineral feed can be hydrotreated in a trickle-bed reactor or other stage in a continuous gas-phase environment. The effluent from the hydrotreatment stage can be separated to remove gas-phase impurities. The remaining liquid effluent from the hydrotreating stage can then be introduced, in total or in part, into a second stage/reactor. A feed of biocomponent origin can also be introduced into the second stage/reactor. The second stage/reactor can be operated to perform deoxygenation of the mixture of biocomponent feed and hydrotreated liquid effluent in a continuous liquid phase environment.

Abstract: A divided wall column can allow for fractionation of multiple streams while maintaining separate product qualities. Effluents from multiple stages of a reaction system can be processed in a single divided wall column. The divided wall column can produce multiple cuts from each separated area, as well as at least one output from a common area. At least one reaction stage can advantageously have a continuous liquid phase environment.

Abstract: A mineral feed can be hydrotreated in a trickle-bed reactor or other stage in a continuous gas-phase environment. The effluent from the hydrotreatment stage can be separated to remove gas-phase impurities. The remaining liquid effluent from the hydrotreating stage can then be introduced, in total or in part, into a second stage/reactor. A feed of biocomponent origin can also be introduced into the second stage/reactor. The second stage/reactor can be operated to perform deoxygenation of the mixture of biocomponent feed and hydrotreated liquid effluent in a continuous liquid phase environment.

Abstract: A divided wall column can allow for fractionation of multiple streams while maintaining separate product qualities. Effluents from multiple stages of a reaction system can be processed in a single divided wall column. The divided wall column can produce multiple cuts from each separated area, as well as at least one output from a common area. At least one reaction stage can advantageously have a continuous liquid phase environment.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon feeds can be hydrotreated in a continuous gas-phase environment and then dewaxed in a liquid-continuous reactor. The liquid-continuous reactor can advantageously be operated in a manner that avoids the need for a hydrogen recycle loop. A contaminant gas can be added to the hydrogen input for the liquid-continuous reactor to modify the hydrogen consumption in the reactor.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for producing a high viscosity index and low pour point lubricating oil base stock which comprises catalytically converting a hydrotreated hydrocarbon lube oil feedstock containing waxy paraffins in the presence of hydrogen and in the presence of a low acidity ZSM-5 catalyst having a highly dispersed noble metal component. The ZSM-5 catalyst is subjected to controlled acidity reduction to an alpha value below 15 prior to incorporation of the noble metal component.