Abstract: A threaded fastener, such as a screw or a bolt, has a central longitudinal axis in a z-axis direction. The fastener has a head and a threaded shaft. The head has an overhanging periphery in an x-y plane and at least two slots, evenly-spaced apart, that extend completely through the overhanging periphery. Each slot has a sloped surface that undercuts the overhanging periphery in the same tangential direction. The screw is turned by using a bit that has a central longitudinal axis in a z-axis direction. The bit has a shank fixed to an end portion and at least two legs, evenly-spaced apart, extend from the end portion in a z-axis direction. Each leg has a sloped surface that extends in the same tangential direction.

Abstract: A drive wheel for pulling a chain has a diameter that can be changed continuously as the drive wheel rotates. The drive wheel has a drive shaft and there are at least 2 chain-engaging means (teeth or blades) positioned around the drive shaft for engaging a chain. The wheel has a number of modules that support the chain-engaging means and permit the chain-engaging means to move slightly in a circumferential direction a distance sufficient to engage the chain. Module locks prevent such movement when the chain is engaged, but permit it when the chain is not engaged. Extenders connect the modules to the drive shaft and can change the distance between the modules and the drive shaft while the drive shaft is rotating. Extender locks prevent the extenders from changing that distance when the chain is engaged but permit such change when the chain is not engaged. A transmission can be made by connecting the drive wheel to a sprocket wheel with a chain.

Abstract: A drive wheel for pulling a chain has a diameter that can be changed continuously as the drive wheel rotates. The drive wheel has a drive shaft and there are at least 2 chain-engaging means (teeth or blades) positioned around the drive shaft for engaging a chain. The wheel has a number of modules that support the chain-engaging means and permit the chain-engaging means to move slightly in a circumferential direction a distance sufficient to engage the chain. Module locks prevent such movement when the chain is engaged, but permit it when the chain is not engaged. Extenders connect the modules to the drive shaft and can change the distance between the modules and the drive shaft while the drive shaft is rotating. Extender locks prevent the extenders from changing that distance when the chain is engaged but permit such change when the chain is not engaged. A transmission can be made by connecting the drive wheel to a sprocket wheel with a chain.

Abstract: vehicle has two vertical wheels, each fixed to a horizontal axle. A carriage that can hold a human rider is positioned in between the wheels, freely suspended from the axle. The wheels can be fixed to the same horizontal axle and the perimeter of the wheels can be connected so as to enclose the carriage. Alternatively, the wheels can be unconnected and fixed to different, but concentric, axles so that they can rotate independently. The vehicle can be unpowered, powered by the rider, or powered by an engine. It can be adapted to ride on land, water, or snow and ice.

Abstract: A vehicle has two suppoting wheels, each mounted on an axle. A carriage that can hold a human rider is positioned in between the supporting wheels, suspended from the axle. No portion of the carriage extends from the axles a distance greater than the radius of the supporting wheels. A driveable wheel, such as a sprocket gear, between the supporting wheels is mounted on an axle and moves with a supporting wheel. Turning the driveable wheel from the carriage causes the supporting wheel to turn. The supporting wheels can be connected at their peripheries so as to enclose the carriage. Alternatively, the supporting wheels can be unconnected and fixed to the axles so that they can rotate independently. The vehicle can be unpowered, powered by the rider, or powered by an engine. It can be adapted to ride on land, water, or snow and ice.

Abstract: Vertical and horizontal beams in a building are hollow and are filled with at least one container, such as a sack, a ball, or a liner, filled with a heat sink, such as water. In a vertical column, the weight of the containers rests on the foundation and is not carried by the beams. When a fire vaporizes the water inside vertical columns, it is replaced by water falling from higher up in the column.

Abstract: Vertical and horizontal beams in a building are hollow and are filled with at least one container, such as a sack, a ball, or a liner, filled with a heat sink, such as water. In a vertical column, the weight of the containers rests on the foundation and is not carried by the beams. When a fire vaporizes the water inside vertical columns, it is replaced by water falling from higher up in the column.

Abstract: A threaded fastener, such as a screw or a bolt, has a central longitudinal axis in a z-axis direction. The fastener has a head and a threaded shaft. The head has an overhanging periphery in an x-y plane and at least two slots, evenly-spaced apart, that extend completely through the overhanging periphery. Each slot has a sloped surface that undercuts the overhanging periphery in the same tangential direction. The screw is turned by using a bit that has a central longitudinal axis in a z-axis direction. The bit has a shank fixed to an end portion and at least two legs, evenly-spaced apart, extend from the end portion in a z-axis direction. Each leg has a sloped surface that extends in the same tangential direction.

Abstract: A flexible, waterproof bag is used to contain a iceberg. The bag has an opening that can be closed and an edge around the opening. At least one float is attached to the edge of the bag and a drain is located away from the edge. One end of a conduit is attached to the drain and the other end of the conduit is attached to a buoy. A portion of the edge is sunk with a weight and is pulled under the iceberg. The sunken portion is re-floated by releasing the weight, which results in the edge surrounding the iceberg. The opening of the bag is closed over the iceberg.

Abstract: A screw has a head portion and a threaded portion. The head portion has an undercut slot extending across it. The slot has a flat floor and sloping sides and the width of the floor of the slot is greater than the width at the top opening of the slot. A matching bit has a shank portion and a flat portion. The flat portion of the bit is not as wide as the top opening of the slot. The flat portion has a foot extending from each end.

Abstract: Modified microbes that attack target cells but do not attack non-target cells are made from existing microbes by a process performed in a fluid that circulates in a loop. Microbes are presented with an opportunity to attack the target cells. Microbes that have a lesser affinity for the target cells are removed from the loop and microbes that have a greater affinity for the target cells are left within the loop. Microbes are presented with an opportunity to attack the non-target cells. Microbes that have a greater affinity for non-target cells are removed from the loop and microbes that have a lesser affinity for the non-target cells are left within the loop. Microbes within the loop are mutated.

Abstract: An apparatus suitable for making a designer disease is disclosed. The apparatus comprises first, second, and third containers, each having two sections, I and II, separated by a semipermeable material through which a microbe can pass but cells from target and non-target populations cannot pass, and an entrance and an exit to each section. The entrance to section I of the first and second containers are circulation entrances, the exits from section II of the first and second containers are circulation exits, and the entrance to and exit from section I of the third container is a circulation entrance and a circulation exit, respectively. Conduits form a loop by connecting the circulation exit of each container to the circulation entrance to another container. A pump moves fluid around the loop and microbes in the fluid are mutated. A method of making a designer disease using that apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus suitable for making a designer disease is disclosed. The apparatus comprises first, second, and third containers, each having two sections, I and II, separated by a semipermeable material through which a microbe can pass but cells from target and non-target populations cannot pass, and an entrance and an exit to each section. The entrance to section I of the first and second containers are circulation entrances, the exits from section II of the first and second containers are circulation exits, and the entrance to and exit from section I of the third container is a circulation entrance and a circulation exit, respectively. Conduits form a loop by connecting the circulation exit of each container to the circulation entrance to another container. A pump moves fluid around the loop and microbes in the fluid are mutated. A method of making a designer disease using that apparatus is also disclosed.