Abstract: Disclosed here is a method of alleviating negative effects of cochlear implant surgery in a subject in need thereof comprising administering effective amounts of 2,4-disulfonyl ?-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone (2,4-DSPBN) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a subject prior to, during, and/or after undergoing cochlear implant surgery.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for the regeneration and/or restoration of hair cells utilizing a composition or an agent that decreases expression of a gene in a tissue of the inner ear and a second agent.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for the regeneration and/or restoration of hair cells utilizing a composition or an agent that decreases expression of a gene in a tissue of the inner ear and a second agent.

Abstract: Disclosed here is a method for reducing accumulated pathologic Tau proteins in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of 2,4-disulfonyl ?-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone (2,4-DSPBN) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The method may further comprise administrating N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to the subject in combination with 2,4-DSPBN.

Abstract: Disclosed here is a method of transporting a therapeutic or diagnostic agent across a blood-brain barrier or a blood-cochlear barrier or a blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier of a subject, comprising administering to a subject an amount of a therapeutic and/or diagnostic agent, along with an amount of 2,4-disulfonyl a-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone (2,4-DSPBN), said therapeutic and/or diagnostic agent being characterized as being unable or poorly able, in the absence of said amount of 2,4-DSPBN, to cross the blood-brain barrier or the blood-cochlear barrier or the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier of said subject.

Abstract: Disclosed here is a method for enhancing synaptogenesis and/or neuritogenesis, reducing neurodegeneration, and/or reducing accumulation or aggregation of Tau proteins in a subject suffering from cochlear synaptopathy or vestibular synaptopathy or a central nervous system disease or condition, comprising administering to said subject in need thereof an effective amount of 2,4-disulfonyl ?-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone (2,4-DSPBN) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The method may further comprise administrating N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to the subject.

Abstract: Disclosed here is a method for enhancing synaptogenesis and/or neuritogenesis, reducing neurodegeneration, and/or reducing accumulation or aggregation of Tau proteins in a subject suffering from cochlear synaptopathy or vestibular synaptopathy or a central nervous system disease or condition, comprising administering to said subject in need thereof an effective amount of 2,4-disulfonyl ?-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone (2,4-DSPBN) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The method may further comprise administrating N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to the subject.

Abstract: The treatment options for treating blast-induced and noise-induced traumatic brain injury and tinnitus are limited. Thus, the current invention provides methods for treating traumatic brain injury and tinnitus. The methods involve administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition comprising 2,4-disulfonyl ?-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone and N-acetylcysteine (NAC).

Abstract: Disclosed here is a method of transporting a therapeutic or diagnostic agent across a blood-brain barrier or a blood-cochlear barrier or a blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier of a subject, comprising administering to a subject an amount of a therapeutic and/or diagnostic agent, along with an amount of 2,4-disulfonyl a-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone (2,4-DSPBN), said therapeutic and/or diagnostic agent being characterized as being unable or poorly able, in the absence of said amount of 2,4-DSPBN, to cross the blood-brain barrier or the blood-cochlear barrier or the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier of said subject.

Abstract: The treatment options for treating blast-induced and noise-induced traumatic brain injury and tinnitus are limited. Thus, the current invention provides methods for treating traumatic brain injury and tinnitus. The methods involve administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition comprising 2,4-disulfonyl ?-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone and N-acetylcysteine (NAC).

Abstract: Disclosed here is a method for enhancing synaptogenesis and/or neuritogenesis, reducing neurodegeneration, and/or reducing accumulation or aggregation of Tau proteins in a subject suffering from cochlear synaptopathy or vestibular synaptopathy or a central nervous system disease or condition, comprising administering to said subject in need thereof an effective amount of 2,4-disulfonyl ?-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone (2,4-DSPBN) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The method may further comprise administrating N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to the subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for the regeneration and/or restoration of hair cells utilizing a composition or an agent that decreases expression of a gene in a tissue of the inner ear and a second agent.

Abstract: The treatment options for treating blast-induced and noise-induced traumatic brain injury and tinnitus are limited. Thus, the current invention provides methods for treating traumatic brain injury and tinnitus. The methods involve administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition comprising 2,4-disulfonyl ?-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone and N-acetylcysteine (NAC).

Abstract: A composition and method for replacement and regeneration of hair cells of the inner ear is provided. The composition comprises an active agent in an amount effective to decrease Hes1 gene expression in a tissue of the inner ear. The active agent can be short interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules encapsulated in a biodegradable nanoparticle. The method involves administering a solution to the inner ear where the solution contains an active agent in an amount effective to decrease Hes1 gene expression.

Abstract: The current invention provides methods and compositions for treating sensorineural hearing loss including but not limited to acute acoustic trauma (AAT). The composition 2,4-disulfonyl ?-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone and N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Preferably, the compositions for treating AAT will be administered orally. However, other methods which deliver the compositions for treating AAT systemically to the body should work equally well.

Abstract: The treatment options for treating blast-induced and noise-induced traumatic brain injury and tinnitus are limited. Thus, the current invention provides methods for treating traumatic brain injury and tinnitus. The methods involve administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition comprising 2,4-disulfonyl ?-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone and N-acetylcysteine (NAC).

Abstract: The treatment options for treating blast-induced and noise-induced traumatic brain injury and tinnitus are limited. Thus, the current invention provides methods for treating traumatic brain injury and tinnitus. The methods involve administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition comprising 2,4-disulfonyl ?-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone and N-acetylcysteine (NAC).

Abstract: The treatment options for treating blast-induced and noise-induced traumatic brain injury and tinnitus are limited. Thus, the current invention provides methods for treating traumatic brain injury and tinnitus. The methods involve administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition comprising 2,4-disulfonyl ?-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone and N-acetylcysteine (NAC).

Abstract: A composition and method for replacement and regeneration of hair cells of the inner ear is provided. The composition comprises an active agent in an amount effective to decrease Hes1 gene expression in a tissue of the inner ear. The active agent can be short interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules encapsulated in a biodegradable nanoparticle. The method involves administering a solution to the inner ear where the solution contains an active agent in an amount effective to decrease Hes1 gene expression.

Abstract: The treatment options for treating blast-induced and noise-induced traumatic brain injury and tinnitus are limited. Thus, the current invention provides methods for treating traumatic brain injury and tinnitus. The methods involve administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition comprises 2,4-disulfonyl ?-phenyl tertiary butyl nitrone and N-acetylcysteine (NAC).