Abstract: Systems for dissolving CO2 into a liquid can be used in various applications. One of the challenges with incorporating CO2 as a treatment strategy is the footprint needed for a basin large enough to use traditional diffuser type technology to dissolve the CO2 at a relative low efficiency. A conical shaped transfer device can be used easily be used on a piping or closed system. The system operates by pumping a side stream of water through a conical shaped gas transfer reactor, such as a Speece Cone, where gaseous CO2 is fed into the cone and broken up into an intense bubble swarm by the velocity of the inlet water. The cone shape design slows the water velocity down to where the buoyant rise velocity of the bubbles is higher than the water velocity which suspends the bubbles inside the cone, providing sufficient contact time for the CO2 to dissolve.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for oxygenating a flow of mixed liquor, typically from an aeration tank, to a secondary clarifier permits further biological reduction of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of a waste stream, such as waste water while resident in the secondary clarifier. In some embodiments, the mixed liquor may be oxygenated to levels at or above about 4 mg/L. Depending upon the user requirements and the BOD of the waste stream, all or a portion of the mixed liquor may be treated to raise the dissolved oxygen content. Various apparatus may be used for superoxygenation, including, as one example, a superoxygenation cone, such as a Speece cone.

Abstract: A method and system for control of a gas or chemical. In one embodiment, the system comprises a reactor for receipt of a fluid and the gas and/or chemical for dissolving, mixing, diffusing, or infusing the gas and/or chemical into the fluid, and a controller to control the flow of the fluid and the gas and/or chemical into the reactor. In some embodiments, the system may also monitor the operation of the system in accordance with predetermined operating conditions. In at least one embodiment, the system also comprises a gas/chemical generation system for generation of the gas and/or chemical to be introduced into the reactor.

Abstract: A method and system for control of a gas or chemical. In one embodiment, the system comprises a reactor for receipt of a fluid and the gas and/or chemical for dissolving, mixing, diffusing, or infusing the gas and/or chemical into the fluid, and a controller to control the flow of the fluid and the gas and/or chemical into the reactor. In some embodiments, the system may also monitor the operation of the system in accordance with predetermined operating conditions. In at least one embodiment, the system also comprises a gas/chemical generation system for generation of the gas and/or chemical to be introduced into the reactor.

Abstract: A system and method for control of a gas and/or chemical for treatment of a fluid, and for monitoring the operation of such a system. In one embodiment, the system comprises a reactor for receipt of the fluid and the gas and/or chemical for dissolving, mixing, diffusing, or infusing the gas and/or chemical into the fluid, and a controller to control the flow of the fluid and the gas and/or chemical into the reactor, and to monitor the operation of the system in accordance with predetermined operating conditions. In another embodiment, the system also comprises a gas/chemical generation system for generation of the gas and/or chemical to be introduced into the reactor. The present invention permits for the control of the system based on numerous dynamic conditions to optimize operation and to minimize safety hazards.

Abstract: A system and method for inhibiting and precluding the buildup and offgas of offensive odors and corrosive sulfuric acid in wastewater in a variety of locations in a sewage system through the use of superoxygenation. The system comprises an oxygenator having an inverse conical section for a downward flow of oxygen gas injected into the sewage stream prior to entering the oxygenator. In one embodiment, the system is inserted directly into the main sewage stream, while in another embodiment, the system is used to treat a sidestream from the main sewage stream.

Abstract: A system and method for control of a gas and/or chemical for treatment of a fluid, and for monitoring the operation of such a system. In one embodiment, the system comprises a reactor for receipt of the fluid and the gas and/or chemical for dissolving, mixing, diffusing, or infusing the gas and/or chemical into the fluid, and a controller to control the flow of the fluid and the gas and/or chemical into the reactor, and to monitor the operation of the system in accordance with predetermined operating conditions. In another embodiment, the system also comprises a gas/chemical generation system for generation of the gas and/or chemical to be introduced into the reactor. The present invention permits for the control of the system based on numerous dynamic conditions to optimize operation and to minimize safety hazards.

Abstract: A system and method for control of a gas and/or chemical for treatment of a fluid, and for monitoring the operation of such a system. In one embodiment, the system comprises a reactor for receipt of the fluid and the gas and/or chemical for dissolving, mixing, diffusing, or infusing the gas and/or chemical into the fluid, and a controller to control the flow of the fluid and the gas and/or chemical into the reactor, and to monitor the operation of the system in accordance with predetermined operating conditions. In another embodiment, the system also comprises a gas/chemical generation system for generation of the gas and/or chemical to be introduced into the reactor. The present invention permits for the control of the system based on numerous dynamic conditions to optimize operation and to minimize safety hazards.

Abstract: A fluid treatment system and method for dissolving a gas into a fluid and subsequently allowing microbial or chemical reactions with the fluid mixture to decontaminate the fluid. The system comprises a pressurized gas transfer reactor, a depressurization device, a means of rapid dilution, a reactor, and a means of secondary clarification. Gas is dissolved into a fluid within the pressurized gas transfer reactor. The fluid is then transferred to the depressurization device where it is depressurized and diluted. Thereafter, or concurrently, the fluid flows into the reactor where microbes consume contaminants and dissolved gas within the fluid. The decontaminated fluid then either flows into a secondary clarification tank or membrane system where the bacteria within the decontaminated fluid are removed, or the fluid is recycled through the system. The method of present invention utilizes the system of present invention and operates pumps and a regenerative turbine or throttling valve.

Abstract: A gas transfer system and method for dissolving at least one gas into a liquid. The system includes a gas transfer vessel also known as a reactor. A liquid inlet feed is connected to the reactor for transferring the liquid into the reactor. A gas inlet is connected to the reactor for feeding the gas into the reactor. An outlet is connected to the reactor for transferring the liquid with at least some of the gas therein away from the reactor. The system also includes a feed pump connected to the inlet feed to pressurize the contents of the inlet feed and the reactor, and a regenerative turbine connected to the feed pump and to the outlet. The various embodiments of the gas transfer system use pressurization in the gas transfer vessel to enhance gas transfer therein, minimize the net energy consumption, and retain highly supersaturated dissolved gas in solution. Some embodiments further help to reduce effervescence loss.

Abstract: A gas transfer system and method for dissolving at least one gas into a liquid. The system includes a gas transfer vessel also known as a reactor. A liquid inlet feed is connected to the reactor for transferring the liquid into the reactor. A gas inlet is connected to the reactor for feeding the gas into the reactor. An outlet is connected to the reactor for transferring the liquid with at least some of the gas therein away from the reactor. The system also includes a feed pump connected to the inlet feed to pressurize the contents of the inlet feed and the reactor, and a regenerative turbine connected to the feed pump and to the outlet. The various embodiments of the gas transfer system use pressurization in the gas transfer vessel to enhance gas transfer therein, minimize the net energy consumption, and retain highly supersaturated dissolved gas in solution. Some embodiments further help to reduce effervescence loss.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dissolving a gas into a fluid which may contain at least one other dissolved gas. The apparatus includes an inlet tube for receipt of the fluid from a container containing the fluid. A gas inlet is operably connected to the inlet tube for the introduction of gas into the fluid. The mixture of gas and fluid is introduced into a gas transfer device via the inlet tube. The gas transfer device is positioned below the surface of the fluid in the container so that the gas transfer device is hydrostatically pressurized in order to increase the rate and concentration at which the gas is dissolved into the fluid. The gas and fluid mixture is allowed to flow downward through the gas transfer device such that bubbles of gas are dissolved in the fluid. The fluid having the gas dissolved therein enters an outlet means positioned within the gas transfer device.

Abstract: A gas transfer system and method for dissolving at least one gas into a liquid. The system includes a gas transfer vessel also known as a reactor. A liquid inlet feed is connected to the reactor for transferring the liquid into the reactor. A gas inlet is connected to the reactor for feeding the gas into the reactor. An outlet is connected to the reactor for transferring the liquid with at least some of the gas therein away from the reactor. The system also includes a feed pump connected to the inlet feed to pressurize the contents of the inlet feed and the reactor, and a regenerative turbine connected to the feed pump and to the outlet. The various embodiments of the gas transfer system use pressurization in the gas transfer vessel to enhance gas transfer therein, minimize the net energy consumption, and retain highly supersaturated dissolved gas in solution. Some embodiments further help to reduce effervescence loss.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dissolving a gas into a fluid which may contain at least one dissolved gas. The apparatus includes an inlet through which fluid enters the apparatus. The fluid is then housed in a chamber. The apparatus also includes a feed for the introduction of the gas into the fluid housed in the chamber. The chamber has a first portion having a diverging interior surface and a second portion having a cylindrical surface, which configuration enhances gas absorption. Further, the apparatus includes an acceleration plate which accelerates the flow of fluids and gas bubbles in the chamber. In addition, the apparatus includes a helix-shaped bubble harvestor which removes fugitive (undissolved) gas bubbles from the fluid flow and returns them to the chamber above the harvester to increase the probability that those bubbles will be dissolved in the fluid. Fluid having gas dissolved therein exits the chamber through an aperture through the bottom surface of the chamber into an outlet.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dissolving a gas into a fluid which may contain at least one dissolved gas. The apparatus includes a conventional U-tube oxygenator which includes a U-tube member having an inlet for the introduction of the fluid and the gas to be dissolved into the fluid, and an outlet. The fluid is housed in the U-tube member. The apparatus further includes a helix-shaped bubble harvestor located proximate the bottom of the inlet side of the U-tube member. The helix-shaped bubble harvester removes fugitive (undissolved) gas bubbles from the fluid flow and returns them to the bubble swarm located above the helix-shaped bubble harvestor. The resulting fluid, which contains a high concentration of dissolved gas, exits the outlet of the U-tube member.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dissolving a gas into a fluid which may contain at least one dissolved gas. The apparatus comprises a conventional U-tube oxygenator which includes a U-tube member having an inlet for the introduction of the fluid and the gas to be dissolved into the fluid, and an outlet. The fluid is housed in the U-tube member. The apparatus further comprises a helix-shaped bubble harvestor located proximate the bottom of the inlet side of the U-tube member. The helix-shaped bubble harvestor removes fugitive (undissolved) gas bubbles from the fluid flow and returns them to the bubble swarm located above the helix-shaped bubble harvester. The resulting fluid, which contains a high concentration of dissolved gas, exits the outlet of the U-tube member.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dissolving an gas into a fluid which may contain at least one dissolved gas. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a first vertically oriented tube defining a first inner space therein and having open upper and bottom ends. The apparatus also includes a second vertically oriented tube of diameter larger than the first tube and concentrically oriented about the first tube. The space between the first and second tubes is referred to as the second inner space. For introduction of the gas, the apparatus includes an inlet into the second inner space. The appartus includes an acceleration device for accelerating the flow of fluid through the second inner space. The acceleration device is placed above the bubble swarm. Further, the apparatus includes a helix-shaped bubble harvester located below the bubble swarm.

Abstract: An apparatus for dissolving a gas into a fluid which may contain at least one dissolved gas. The apparatus includes a first vertically oriented tube defining a first inner space and a second vertically oriented tube of diameter larger than the first tube and concentrically oriented about the first tube. The space between the first and second tubes is referred to as the second inner space. The gas is introduced through an inlet into the second inner space. The apparatus includes an acceleration device for accelerating the flow of fluid through the second inner space. The apparatus includes a helix-shaped bubble harvester which removes fugitive (undissolved) bubbles from the fluid flow and returns them to the second inner space to increase the probability that those bubbles will be dissolved into the fluid.

Abstract: A liquid treatment apparatus for removing potentially combustible substances from water includes a biological fluid bed reactor that is supplied by a first conduit with contaminated water and that treats this water, under aerobic conditions, before discharging it as treated effluent containing a significantly reduced concentration of contaminants. The liquid treatment apparatus also includes a gas dissolution apparatus for providing dissolved oxygen to the contaminated water flowing through the first conduit to sustain biological action in the reactor. The gas dissolution apparatus includes an oxygenator including a pressurized bubble contactor disposed in a recycle conduit connected between the outlet of the reactor and the first conduit.

Abstract: A liquid treatment apparatus for removing potentially combustible substances from water includes a biological fluid bed reactor that is supplied by a first conduit with contaminated water and that treats this water, under aerobic conditions, before discharging it as treated effluent containing a significantly reduced concentration of contaminants. The liquid treatment apparatus also includes a gas dissolution apparatus for providing dissolved oxygen to the contaminated water flowing through the first conduit to sustain biological action in the reactor. The gas dissolution apparatus includes an oxygenator including a pressurized bubble contactor disposed in a recycle conduit connected between the outlet of the reactor and the first conduit.