Abstract: A method and device for cooling electronics is disclosed. The device includes a doped crystal configured to resonate at a Stark manifold resonance capable of cooling the crystal to a temperature of from about 110K to about 170K. The crystal host resonates in response to input from an excitation laser tuned to exploit the Stark manifold resonance corresponding to the cooling of the crystal.

Abstract: An optical refrigerator comprises a laser source, a cooling crystal, a cavity for enhancing the absorption of the laser light in the cooling crystal, a thermal link which connects a cold finger to the cooling crystal and prevents the fluorescence from heating the cold finger, an absorbing chamber to remove the fluorescence and eliminate the waste heat, an a mechanical support that keeps the cooling crystal properly aligned with the laser beam and minimizes heat leakage.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wave-driven blower and a wave-driven generator. Embodiments can accelerate fluid flows with waves requiring with no or minimal moving parts. The waves driving the flow can be surface-thermal waves on the walls of the device. The velocity of the surface-thermal wave entrains the fluid near the surface and imparts a velocity to the fluid. Other types of waves can generate fluid flow. These other waves can be produced by variations in chemical composition, ionic concentration, chemical potential, total pressure, partial pressure and surface texture. Operating as a generator, the device extracts energy from a flowing fluid to amplify wave motions.

Abstract: An electrode especially useful for RF skin tightening procedures is characterized by an active front that is conical in part with the conical surface having a cone angle that is shallower than the corresponding angle in known electrodes. Preferably, the electrode of the invention has a conical section whose surface forms an angle greater than 60 degrees with the longitudinal axis of the electrode, and the outside diameter of the conical section is greater than 50% of the overall outside diameter of the electrode.

Abstract: An electrode especially useful for RF skin tightening procedures is characterized by an active front that is conical in part with the conical surface having a cone angle that is shallower than the corresponding angle in known electrodes. Preferably, the electrode of the invention has a conical section whose surface forms an angle greater than 60 degrees with the longitudinal axis of the electrode, and the outside diameter of the conical section is greater than 50% of the overall outside diameter of the electrode.

Abstract: The present application discloses a method and device for locating and mapping the cavernosal nerve bundle by electro-stimulation to enable safe and effective implantation of radioactive seeds for prostate brachytherapy. By locating and mapping the cavernosal nerve bundle prior to seed implantation, the brachytherapist can make intra-operative decisions to avoid mechanical and radiational injury to the nerve which results in impotency or other prostate-Urethral complications. The device of the invention takes the form of an automated closed-looped electro-stimulating system having a handle for manipulating the device, a stimulating tip for applying an electro-stimulus to a tissue site, a control unit to activate and terminate application of the electro-stimulus and to interpret a tumescence response, a sensor for detecting and measuring a tumescence response, a patient ground return, and a display monitor to indicate the nature, stability and strength of the tumescence response to the brachytherapist.

Abstract: An improved method and device for locating a nerve based on a closed-loop automated system is described. The device applies an electro-stimulus to a target tissue area and measures and interprets a change in a response evoked by application of an electro-stimulus to determine the location and responsiveness of a nerve. The improvement of the invention comprises a method for determining if the signal of the response is stable prior to application of electro-stimulation to prevent misinterpretation of a response and to enhance the locating accuracy of the device.

Abstract: Inviable T4 phage-like particles capable of directing the expression of large non-T4 DNA fragments from T4 expression control sequences are produced. Thus, E. coli harboring pBR322 derivatives containing cloned T4 gene 23 DNA sequences were infected with T4 phage carrying a deletion of the denB gene. Homology-dependent recombination results in the production of inviable phage-like particles containing DNA molecules composed of multiple, tandemly repeated copies of entire plasmid molecules covalently linked to single copies of normal phage genes. The yield of these inviable particles, intially low, was increased by means of a reiterated infection process that involves the use of a cloned T4 origin of replication. When T4 gene 32 expression control sequences linked in proper orientation to a DNA sequence coding for the non-T4 protein .beta.-galactosidase were also cloned in one such pBR322 derivative (pVH773), inviable phage particles capable of directing the synthesis of enzymatically active .beta.

Abstract: Inviable T4 phage-like particles capable of directing the expression of large non-T4 DNA fragments from T4 expression control sequences are produced. Thus, E. coli harboring pBR322 derivatives containing cloned T4 gene 23 DNA sequences were infected with T4 phage carrying a deletion of the denB gene. Homology-dependent recombination results in the production of inviable phage-like particles containing DNA molecules composed of multiple, tandemly repeated copies of entire plasmid molecules covalently linked to single copies of normal phage genes. The yield of these inviable particles, intially low, was increased by means of a reiterated infection process that involves the use of a cloned T4 origin of replication. When T4 gene 32 expression control sequences linked in proper orientation to a DNA sequence coding for the non-T4 protein .beta.-galactosidase were also cloned in one such pBR322 derivative (pVH773), inviable phage particles capable of directing the synthesis of enzymatically active .beta.