Abstract: A thermosetting powder coating composition having improved optical properties, such as orange peel, gloss and Distinctness of Image (DOI), which includes a reactable mixture of a carboxylic acid group-containing polyester or acrylic, a fatty acid hydroxyalkylamide group-containing material and beta-hydroxyalkylamide curing agent.

Abstract: A process for preparing polymers having molecular weights below 5,000 and polydispersity below 2.5 is provided. The polymerization is conducted in supercritical carbon dioxide at temperatures of at least 200.degree. C. and pressures above 3,500 psi. The process can be continuous, semi-continuous, or batch. The polymers are useful as detergent additives, scale inhibitors, dispersants and crystal growth modifiers.

Abstract: A method for extending the open time of an aqueous coating composition is provided. This method extends the time during which an aqueous coating can be applied or rebrushed without damaging the film. The open time improvement of this invention is useful for a variety of coatings including paints, stains, varnishes, adhesives, and inks. The aqueous coating composition contains a latex polymer and a modifying compound. More particularly, the latex polymer contains a first reactable group which is complementary to and reacts with a second reactable group in the modifying compound. The complementary reactable groups in the latex polymer and modifying compound provide ionic or covalent binding.

Abstract: A thermosetting powder coating composition having improved optical properties, such as orange peel, gloss and Distinctness of Image (DOI), which includes a reactable mixture of a carboxylic acid group-containing polyester or acrylic, a fatty acid hydroxyalkylamide group-containing material and beta-hydroxyalkylamide curing agent.

Abstract: A method is provided for improving thickeners used in aqueous system. The improvement is directed to the elimination of organic cosolvents which are conventionally added to aqueous solutions of certain hydrophobic thickeners. This method involves the reversible complexation of cyclodextrin compounds with hydrophobic moieties on the thickener molecule to suppress the viscosity of the aqueous solution containing the thickener so that such the solution can be easily handled. This is followed by decomplexing the cyclodextrin from the thickener to permit the thickener to perform its intended function.

Abstract: The quaternary ammonium monomers of this invention have the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an ethylenically unsaturated organic groupR.sup.1 is a linear C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group, optionally hydroxy substitutedX is chlorine, bromine or iodineY.crclbar. is a surfactant anion.The epoxides derivable from the halohydrin of Formula (I) are other monomers of this invention.The monomers are soluble in common organic solvents and comonomers. The invention is also directed to addition polymers of these monomers and to methods of producing both the monomers and the polymers. The halohydrin monomers and the polymers are stable at acid pH values, although capable of reacting with materials reactive with the hydroxyl and/or halide groups. Upon heating, they are self-reactive and can become cross-linked. At alkaline pH values they become self-reactive; the polymers crosslink slowly even at room temperature, with a crosslinking rate increasing rapidly with temperature.

Abstract: Composition useful as an emulsion for coating compositions, binders for non-wovens, adhesives, and the like comprising a blend of an emulsion acid copolymer and an emulsion halohydroxypropyl ammonium liposalt copolymer, at least one of which being film forming. Also, a process for producing tough, solvent resistant films, and the reacted films.

Abstract: Disclosed are homopolymers and copolymers of a monomer or a mixture of monomers having the formula ##STR1## in which the average value of n (n) is in the range from greater than 1 to about 10, being oligomeric usually prepared from acrylic acid. In the mixtures of such monomers, the number n may range from 1 to 30 or more. Also disclosed are methods of preparing the polymers, methods of using them, and articles of manufacture containing the polymers.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for inhibiting the polymerization of acrylic and methacrylic acids at ambient or above ambient temperature, such as during preparation, purification or storage of the acids under substantially anaerobic conditions, by adding thereto a polymerization inhibiting amount of a compound having the formula:R--NOwhere R is alkyl or aryl, and if R is aryl, a hydroxyl group para to the NO group enhances inhibition.

Abstract: An improved continous single step vapor phase process for the preparation of substituted vinylbenzyl chloride from substituted ethyltoluene is disclosed. In this process a substituted ethyltoluene is reacted with a halogen gas in the vapor phase, at elevated temperatures via a continuous feed process. Furthermore, this process achieves halogenation followed by dehydrohalogenation in a single pass through the reactor. There is also obtained a very high total selectivity to vinylbenzyl chloride and its precursors via this continuous process.