Abstract: A thermoplastic bag includes duplicative seals. In particular, in one or more implementations, a thermoplastic bag includes a first seal and at least a second seal reinforcing the same area of the thermoplastic bag. For instance, in one or more implementations, the thermoplastic bag includes multiple seals along each side edge or along the hem. If one seal fails, the other seal(s) can remain in place to prevent leaks. Thus, the duplicative seals of the thermoplastic bag can provide reinforced strength and desired aesthetics.

Abstract: Thermoplastic bags with phased deformation patterns are described. In particular, one or more implementations comprise thermoplastic bags with ring rolling, SELFing, or other deformation patterns phased or aligned relative to the sides of the bags. The phased deformation patterns can allow for reducing or eliminating deformation patterns in areas of the thermoplastic bag in which side seals or other seals are formed. Additionally or alternatively, the phased deformation patterns can provide for zones that provide differing properties (e.g., functional or aesthetic). Such zones can vary aligned along a width of the thermoplastic bag and optionally also vary along a height of the thermoplastic bag. The differing zones can provide the thermoplastic bags with phased deformations that provide leak prevention, liquid containment, and other benefits.

Abstract: A manufacturing process is disclosed for preparing torrefied biomass having a reduced inorganic content which comprises passing crude torrefied biomass through one or more selective separation devices capable of separating inorganic particulate matter from the torrefied biomass.

Abstract: A manufacturing process is disclosed for preparing torrefied biomass having a reduced inorganic content which comprises passing crude torrefied biomass through one or more selective separation devices capable of separating inorganic particulate matter from the torrefied biomass.

Abstract: A test material for providing an indication of a substance in a sample applied to the test material, the test material comprising: an elongate, flexible, substrate; and a plurality of test sites arranged along the substrate, wherein each test site comprises one or more test reagents, and wherein the one or more test reagents are operable to produce said indication, a cassette for housing such a test material and a test meter.

Abstract: An assay module for an electrochemical test device, said assay module comprising: at least one channel for transporting a liquid to be tested from a deposition zone, where a sample of said liquid to be tested can be deposited, to a testing zone, the testing zone being spaced apart from said deposition zone; and electrodes for measuring an electrical property of liquid in said testing zone, an electrochemical test device comprising such an assay module and a method of testing a liquid sample using such an electrochemical test device.

Abstract: Composite products having mineral networks polymerized about cellulosic material and a method for making such products are described. One embodiment of the composite product comprises a paper product having a polymerized mineral network, such as a silica/silicate network around, throughout and/or about the cellulosic material instead of having isolated particles of filler material deposited onto, or purposefully bonded to, the cellulosic material. One embodiment of the method comprises providing a mixture comprising cellulosic material, a Group I metal silicate and a Group II metal base or salt. The mixture is then carbonated to produce a product comprising precipitated carbonate filler material and a polymerized mineral network about the cellulosic material. This product is then formed into paper products wherein the ash content can be substantially greater than conventional paper products while maintaining suitable strength properties.

Abstract: Composite products having mineral networks polymerized about cellulosic material and a method for making such products are described. One embodiment of the composite product comprises a paper product having a polymerized mineral network, such as a silica/silicate network around, throughout and/or about the cellulosic material instead of having isolated particles of filler material deposited onto, or purposefully bonded to, the cellulosic material. One embodiment of the method comprises providing a mixture comprising cellulosic material, a Group I metal silicate and a Group II metal base or salt. The mixture is then carbonated to produce a product comprising precipitated carbonate filler material and a polymerized mineral network about the cellulosic material. This product is then formed into paper products wherein the ash content can be substantially greater than conventional paper products while maintaining suitable strength properties.

Abstract: Hydrogenated 1,3-butadiene polymers are used as synthetic lubricants. The polymers of this invention range in molecular weight from about 150 to about 3,000 and are characterized by a 1,2 addition structure of at least about 60 percent.

Abstract: Incremental addition of a monomer to be polymerized or copolymerized in a reaction medium comprising an alkyl aromatic, an organic lithium compound, and a transmetallation compound is effected to obtain liquid polymers and/or copolymers of narrow molecular weight range distribution suitable for conversion to lubricating oil as by hydrogenation. A conjugated diene, e.g., butadiene, alone, or together with a vinyl aromatic, e.g., styrene, is added incrementally to permit substantially complete reaction of at least the incrementally added monomer(s) and transmetallation to occur from living polymer to the alkyl aromatic in the reaction mass before addition of a succeeding increment.