Abstract: A phosphor for use in displays is a mixture of phosphors and carbon nanotubes. The phosphor screen has improved electrical and thermal conductivity.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for assembly of small structures is disclosed. The present invention discloses electron beams created from one or more nanotips in an array operated in a field emission mode that can be controlled to apply heat to very well defined spots. The multiple electron beams may be generated and deflected and applied to electron beam heating and welding applications.

Abstract: Using standard web languages such as HTML, JavaScript, and CSS, specially configured elements are included in a web page to enhance the sizing (and/or resizing) behavior of the page as it is displayed by a browser, particularly the Microsoft Internet Explorer browser and others made with the same underlying technology. These elements enable the creator of the page to transparently augment the sizing action of the browser, first, by using the browser's inherent sizing action to register the user's selection in the browser's Text Size menu and, second, by temporarily suspending that same inherent action pending script-driven modifications to the size-related settings of the page. In so doing, many of the restrictions ordinarily imposed by the browser may be overcome, such as the inability to size and resize, in reference to the user's selection in the browser's Text Size menu, a web page having contents set in pixels.

Abstract: A conducting mesh grid electrode for a triode structure in a field emission display is formed using a stitching or bonding process. The raw material for the grid electrode may be fed continuously from a spool. The process provides for multiple bonding of wire grid conductors to form a cathode grid. The properties of the cathode and the electron beam may be modulated by varying process parameters and material dimensions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward methods for incorporating low work function metals and salts of such metals into carbon nanotubes for use as field emitting materials. The present invention is also directed toward field emission devices, and associated components, comprising treated carbon nanotubes that have, incorporated into them, low work function metals and/or metal salts, and methods for making same. The treatments of the carbon nanotubes with the low work function metals and/or metal salts serve to improve their field emission properties relative to untreated carbon nanotubes when employed as a cathode material in field emission devices.

Abstract: Activation of printed or dispensed carbon nanotube (CNT) film using a particle-blasting technique, also referred to as sandblasting or bead blasting. The process works by sending particles of material at high enough velocity such that when the particles hit the surface, some of the material at the surface is removed. The surface of the printed CNT film is slowly eroded away by the particles from the particle gun. The CNT fibers may be embedded in several layers of the printed layer, so they may not be removed easily.

Abstract: A photocatalytic cleaner for air or water includes a photocatalytic material coating a substrate. An anode, positioned a predetermined distance from the substrate, includes a phosphor that emits ultraviolet light in response to bombardment by electrons from a field emission cathode emitting electrons in response to an electric field. The field emission cathode may be a carbon based field emitter material including incorporating carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: Substantially enhanced field emission properties are achieved by using a process of covering a non-adhesive material (for example, paper, foam sheet, or roller) over the surface of the CNTs, pressing the material using a certain force, and removing the material.

Abstract: Carbon nanotubes, which may or may not be mixed with particles, organic materials, non-organic materials, or solvents, are deposited on a substrate to form a cold cathode. The deposition of the carbon nanotube mixture may be performed using an ink jet printing process or a screen printing process.

Abstract: Field emission properties may also be improved by coating the carbon materials with metal oxides. These metal oxides contribute to lowering the work function of the carbon material as well as improve the life of the field emission properties of the carbon materials, especially under high current density operation.

Abstract: An optoelectronic modulator is based on the concentration of an electron beam from an electron gun by a tapered cavity, which sides are photosensitive and change the electrical conductivity under the illumination of light (electromagnetic radiation). The light modulation causes the corresponding changes in the current transported across the walls of the cavity. The remaining part of the electron current exits the cavity aperture and forms an amplitude-modulated divergent electron beam.

Abstract: A two-layer approach is provided for thermally growing carbon nanotubes on a substrate for field emitter applications. An adhesion layer is deposited on a cathode. A catalyst layer is then deposited on the adhesion layer, and then a carbon nanotube film is grown on the catalyst layer.

Abstract: Activation of printed or dispensed carbon nanotube (CNT) film using a particle-blasting technique, also referred to as sandblasting or bead blasting. The process works by sending particles of material at high enough velocity such that when the particles hit the surface, some of the material at the surface is removed. The surface of the printed CNT film is slowly eroded away by the particles from the particle gun. The CNT fibers may be embedded in several layers of the printed layer, so they may not be removed easily.

Abstract: Composition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are produced into inks that are dispensable via ink jet deposition processes. The CNT ink is dispensed into wells formed in a cathode structure.

Abstract: Composition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are produced into inks that are dispensable via ink jet deposition processes. The CNT ink is dispensed into wells formed in a cathode structure.

Abstract: Carbon nanotubes can be self-aligned by making composites of carbon nanotube powders with particles and organic and/or inorganic carriers such as water or other solvents. After the mixture is applied onto a substrate by whatever ways, such as brushing, screen-printing, ink-jet printing, spraying, dispersing, spin-coating, dipping, and the like and combinations, a fragmentation process occurs when the composite material is dried or cured by certain ways to eliminate some or all of the carrier material. This results in microcracks forming between the fragments. CNT fibers that are bonded or set in the fragments on either side of a crack are aligned in the crack area, either by stretching the fibers or by allowing the fibers to spool out from one or both fragments.

Abstract: Nanoparticles are coated using thick-film techniques with a catalyst to promote the growth of carbon nanotubes thereon. In one example, alumina nanoparticles are coated with a copper catalyst. Such nanoparticles can be selectively deposited onto a substrate to create a field emission cathode, which can then be utilized within field emission devices.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward cathodes and cathode materials comprising carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and particles. The present invention is also directed toward field emission devices comprising a cathode of the present invention, as well as methods for making these cathodes. In some embodiments, the cathode of the present invention is used in a field emission display. The invention also comprises a method of depositing a layer of CNTs and particles onto a substrate to form a cathode of the present invention, as well as a method of controlling the density of CNTs used in this mixed layer in an effort to optimize the field emission properties of the resulting layer for field emission display applications.

Abstract: Embossed microstructures within a substrate are used to create narrow and deep holes within that substrate. A carbon nanotube solution or mixture is then deposited over this substrate with the embossed holes. Shaking or vibrating the substrate will then cause the carbon nanotubes to fall into each of the holes in such a way that all of the nanotubes within a hole will be substantially parallel to the long axis of the hole. This structure can then be combined with a gate electrode and an anode to create a field emission display device.

Abstract: Embossed microstructures within a substrate are used to create narrow and deep holes within that substrate. A carbon nanotube solution or mixture is then deposited over this substrate with the embossed holes. Shaking or vibrating the substrate will then cause the carbon nanotubes to fall into each of the holes in such a way that all of the nanotubes within a hole will be substantially parallel to the long axis of the hole. This structure can then be combined with a gate electrode and an anode to create a field emission display device.