Abstract: A gas sensor operates in an ultra-low power mode when a portable electronic device is inactive and in a normal power mode when the device is active. A baseline resistance value of the gas sensor is stored in the ultra-low power mode. The gas sensor transitions to a normal power mode from the ultra-low power mode, when the portable electronic device is active. A rate of stabilization of resistance value of the gas sensor is computed in the normal power mode. A stabilized resistance value of the gas sensor in the normal power mode is estimated using the rate of stabilization of resistance value of the gas sensor in the normal power mode, the baseline resistance value in the ultra-low power mode and a comparison chart of stabilized resistance values of the gas sensor in the ultra-low power mode and the normal power mode.

Abstract: A device for determining the concentration of a predefined gas in a medium includes a first sensor for determining the gas concentration in a flow of the medium; a second sensor for determining a physical parameter of the medium in the flow of the medium; and a processing device, which is set up to determine the quality of the determination using the first sensor on the basis of a signal from the second sensor.

Abstract: A sensor is configured to measure the carbon dioxide concentration in a gas mixture. The sensor has a dielectric layer arranged between a layer-like first electrode and a layer-like second electrode. The second electrode is a composite electrode that has at least one carbonate and/or one phosphate as first material and at least one metal as second material. This sensor can be manufactured by a method comprising applying a layer-like first electrode to a substrate, applying a dielectric layer to the first electrode, and applying a layer-like second electrode to the dielectric layer. The second electrode is applied as a composite electrode that has at least one carbonate and/or one phosphate as first material and has at least one second material that has an electrical conductivity of more than 10-2 S/m.

Abstract: A sensor element for a pressure sensor, includes a sensor membrane on which a defined number of piezoresistors are situated, the piezoresistors being configured in a circuit in such a way that, when there is a change in pressure an electrical change in voltage can be generated; at least two temperature measuring elements configured in relation to the sensor membrane in such a way that temperatures of the sensor membrane at positions of the piezoresistors can be measured using the temperature measuring elements, an electrical voltage present at the circuit of the piezoresistors due to a temperature gradient being capable of being compensated computationally using the measured temperatures.

Abstract: A micro-hotplate apparatus including a diaphragm carrier device; a diaphragm that at least in part spans at least one cavity embodied in the diaphragm carrier device; and at least one heating conductor disposed on and/or in the diaphragm, the micro-hotplate apparatus additionally encompassing at least one reflector element that is disposed on an inner side, directed toward the cavity, of the diaphragm, in such a way that by way of the at least one reflector element a thermal radiation emitted from the at least one heating conductor and/or from the diaphragm is reflectable at least in part back onto and/or into the diaphragm. A sensor having a micro-hotplate apparatus is also described.

Abstract: A sensor element for a pressure sensor, includes a sensor membrane on which a defined number of piezoresistors are situated, the piezoresistors being configured in a circuit in such a way that, when there is a change in pressure an electrical change in voltage can be generated; at least two temperature measuring elements configured in relation to the sensor membrane in such a way that temperatures of the sensor membrane at positions of the piezoresistors can be measured using the temperature measuring elements, an electrical voltage present at the circuit of the piezoresistors due to a temperature gradient being capable of being compensated computationally using the measured temperatures.

Abstract: A sensor array and a method are provided for operating a sensor array with a first sensor and a second sensor, the second sensor being designed for an operation at an ambient temperature, the first sensor representing a heated sensor, which is designed for being operated at an operating temperature that is above the ambient temperature, the first and the second sensor being connected to each other via a carrier, the carrier bringing about thermal coupling between the first and the second sensor, the first sensor being heated to the operating temperature during a first phase, and a measurement being carried out by the first sensor during the first phase, the heating being switched off or at least being reduced in a second phase, and a measurement being carried out by the second sensor during the second phase, an increased temperature of the second sensor as a result of the heating during the first phase being taken into account when evaluating the measurement of the second sensor.

Abstract: A sensor is configured to measure the carbon dioxide concentration in a gas mixture. The sensor has a dielectric layer arranged between a layer-like first electrode and a layer-like second electrode. The second electrode is a composite electrode that has at least one carbonate and/or one phosphate as first material and at least one metal as second material. This sensor can be manufactured by a method comprising applying a layer-like first electrode to a substrate, applying a dielectric layer to the first electrode, and applying a layer-like second electrode to the dielectric layer. The second electrode is applied as a composite electrode that has at least one carbonate and/or one phosphate as first material and has at least one second material that has an electrical conductivity of more than 10-2 S/m.

Abstract: A method for producing an integrated micromechanical fluid sensor component includes forming a first wafer with a first Bragg reflector and with a light-emitting device on a first substrate. The light-emitting device is configured to emit light rays in an emission direction from a surface of the light-emitting device facing away from the first Bragg reflector. The method further includes forming a second wafer with a second Bragg reflector and with a photodiode on a second substrate. The photodiode is arranged on a surface of the second Bragg reflector facing towards the second substrate. The method also includes bonding or gluing the first wafer to the second wafer such that there is formed a cavity into which a fluid is introduced and through which the light rays can pass. The method further includes separating the fluid sensor component from the first and the second wafer.

Abstract: An outer part for a device which is attachable thereto as a housing and/or an attachment part, a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface being formed on the outer part so that at least one signal emitted by an optical and/or acoustic source is directly or indirectly deflectable onto at least one detector surface of an optical and/or acoustic detector, an optical path being configured as a cavern or continuous recess in the outer part or as a depression of a boundary surface of the outer part, the optical path having at least one opening via which at least one substance is transferable into the optical path, and the at least one signal being deflectable into the optical path to the second reflective surface which is formed at a second end of the optical path with the first reflective surface at a first end of the optical path.

Abstract: A microelectrochemical sensor includes an energy supply unit and a sensor unit. The energy supply unit is configured to generate electrical energy using a reference fluid. The sensor unit is configured to determine a concentration difference of a chemical species between a measuring fluid and the reference fluid. The measuring fluid has an unknown concentration of the species, and the reference fluid has a known concentration of the species. The sensor unit is electrically connected to the energy supply unit and is designed to determine the concentration difference using the electrical energy from the energy supply unit.

Abstract: A device, a method, and a use thereof for detecting a concentration of a gas or of a gas component. The device as a gas sensor includes at least one sensor element including a gas-sensitive layer and a heating element for heating the gas-sensitive layer. The heating element is able to heat the sensitive layer to a desired temperature prior to the detection and/or is able to maintain it at a desired temperature during the detection. The heating element allows the gas-sensitive layer to be outgassed if needed, so as to allow absorption again. To heat the heating element, there is a first contacting to which a first voltage may be applied. Moreover, subsequent to the heating step, a second voltage may be applied to the sensor element or to the gas-sensitive layer for measured value detection with the aid of a second contacting.

Abstract: A device for emitting electromagnetic radiation includes at least one optical semiconductor element configured to generate electromagnetic radiation, at least one photodiode, and at least one beam splitter. The beam splitter is arranged relative to the optical semiconductor element and the photodiode in such a way that one portion of the electromagnetic radiation generated by the optical semiconductor element passes through the beam splitter and a further portion of the electromagnetic radiation generated by the optical semiconductor element is reflected by the beam splitter and is directed onto the photodiode.

Abstract: A sensor device includes a sensor element configured to detect a measurement value based at least in part upon a physical variable, and a support element configured to support the sensor element. The support element has at least one connection region which is located in a section of the support element, and which is configured to connect the section of the support element to a section of the sensor element such that the sensor element is mounted so as to be movable with respect to the support element.

Abstract: A microelectrochemical sensor includes a carrier material composed of a semiconductor substrate, and includes a chemosensitive sensor element. The chemosensitive sensor element is positioned in a first partial region of the carrier material. A heating element is positioned in a region of the chemosensitive sensor element and is configured to regulate a temperature of the chemosensitive sensor element. A microelectronic unit is positioned in a second partial region of the carrier material, and is connected to the chemosensitive sensor element and the heating element via conductor tracks integrated into the carrier material. The microelectronic unit is configured to operate the heating element and the sensor element.

Abstract: An exhaust gas guide element for conducting at least a portion of an exhaust gas to a sensor for a vehicle. The exhaust gas guide element has a greater extent in a direction of a longitudinal axis than in a direction of a transverse axis, and is gas-permeable along the direction of the longitudinal axis. One end of the gas guide element along the direction of the longitudinal axis is configured as a receiving region, and the opposite end is configured as a measuring region. A sensor can be positioned in the measuring region, and a gas receiving element is positioned in the receiving region.

Abstract: A method for producing an integrated micromechanical fluid sensor component includes forming a first wafer with a first Bragg reflector and with a light-emitting device on a first substrate. The light-emitting device is configured to emit light rays in an emission direction from a surface of the light-emitting device facing away from the first Bragg reflector. The method further includes forming a second wafer with a second Bragg reflector and with a photodiode on a second substrate. The photodiode is arranged on a surface of the second Bragg reflector facing towards the second substrate. The method also includes bonding or gluing the first wafer to the second wafer such that there is formed a cavity into which a fluid is introduced and through which the light rays can pass. The method further includes separating the fluid sensor component from the first and the second wafer.

Abstract: A sensor device for sensing a gas includes a sensing region, and a readout region that is electrically and mechanically connected to the sensing region by way of a connecting web. The readout region, the sensing region, and the connecting web are formed from a substrate, and are isolated from the substrate by a clearance cutout. The sensing region has an ion-conducting region configured to provide a measuring signal dependent on the gas. The readout region (is configured to read out the measuring signal.

Abstract: A sensor component is described for a gas and/or liquid sensor having a substrate having at least one first printed conductor and a second printed conductor, which are fashioned such that a voltage can be applied, and having at least one sensitive semiconductor material, additionally including at least one trench a contact segment of the first printed conductor and a contact segment of the second printed conductor being situated on two inner side surfaces at a distance from one another, and the at least one sensitive semiconductor material being filled into the at least one trench in the form of at least one particle, grain, and/or crystal, at least between the first contact segment of the first printed conductor and the first contact segment of the second printed conductor. Also described is a production method for a sensor component for a gas and/or liquid sensor. In addition, also described is a method for detecting at least one material in a gaseous and/or liquid medium.

Abstract: A microelectrochemical sensor having a diaphragm, a web, a first and a second electrode. The diaphragm is permeable to ions of a chemical species, is arranged transversely with respect to a cutout in a base body, and closes off the cutout in a fluid-tight fashion. The web is arranged on a first side of the diaphragm between a first partial surface and a second partial surface, and is designed to adjust a temperature of the diaphragm to an operating temperature using electrical energy. The first electrode has a first partial electrode and a second partial electrode, is permeable to fluid, and is arranged on the first side of the diaphragm. The web prevents electrical contact between the first electrode and the diaphragm. The second electrode has a third partial electrode and a fourth partial electrode, is also permeable to fluid, and is arranged on a second side of the diaphragm.