Abstract: Described herein are compositions that include microencapsulated phase change materials and thermal conductivity additives and methods for applying the compositions to substrates, including fibers, textile, and foams, to impart beneficial thermal management properties to the substrates. The treated substrates feel cool to the touch for an extended period of time.

Abstract: A subcutaneously formed in place orthopedic fixation device is provided, such as for fixation of the spine or other bone or bones. The device comprises an inflatable member, such as a tubular balloon. The balloon is positioned at a treatment site in the body while in a flexible, low crossing profile configuration. The balloon is thereafter inflated with a hardenable epoxy media comprising one or more epoxy compounds and one or more amine curing compounds that cures rapidly in place with low to moderate exotherm. Methods and delivery structures are also disclosed.

Abstract: A subcutaneously formed in place orthopedic fixation device is provided, such as for fixation of the spine or other bone or bones. The device comprises an inflatable member, such as a tubular balloon. The balloon is positioned at a treatment site in the body while in a flexible, low crossing profile configuration. The balloon is thereafter inflated with a hardenable epoxy media comprising one or more epoxy compounds and one or more amine curing compounds that cures rapidly in place with low to moderate exotherm. Methods and delivery structures are also disclosed.

Abstract: A subcutaneously formed in place orthopedic fixation device is provided, such as for fixation of the spine or other bone or bones. The device comprises an inflatable member, such as a tubular balloon. The balloon is positioned at a treatment site in the body while in a flexible, low crossing profile configuration. The balloon is thereafter inflated with a hardenable epoxy media comprising one or more epoxy compounds and one or more amine curing compounds that cures rapidly in place with low to moderate exotherm. Methods and delivery structures are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides processes for bonding a flip chip to a substrate in a manner that maximizes reliability of the bonding operation. Electrically conductive polymer bumps are formed on bond pads of a flip chip and the flip chip polymer bumps are at least partially hardened. Electrically conductive polymer bumps are formed on bond pads of a substrate, and a layer of electrically insulating adhesive paste is then applied on the substrate, covering the substrate polymer bumps with the adhesive. The bond pads of the flip chip are then aligned with the bond pads of the substrate and the at least partially hardened flip chip polymer bumps are then pushed through the substrate adhesive and at least partially into the substrate polymer bumps. In a further method, electrically conductive polymer bumps are formed on bond pads of a flip chip and the flip chip polymer bumps are at least partially hardened.

Abstract: In a flip chip bonding method, polymer bumps are formed, using a bonding tool, on an IC chip, held via suction to the bonding tool. An insulating adhesive film is pressed onto the upper surface of a circuit board held via suction with a suction stage. Heat is then applied to bring the film into close contact with bond pads of the circuit board. At this point, the bonding tool is moved downward, bonding the polymer bumps to the circuit board electrodes. During the time of this downward movement, bonding of the polymer bumps to the circuit board bond pads can be achieved by piercing the insulating adhesive film with the polymer bumps, and it is found that strong bonding can be achieved with adequate reliability. This method eliminates the need for a process in which through-holes must be pierced in the insulating adhesive film to accommodate the polymer bumps.

Abstract: The invention provides a flip chip mounting process in which a layer of electrically insulating adhesive paste is applied on a substrate having bond pads, covering the bond pads with the adhesive. Electrically conductive polymer bumps are formed on bond pads of a flip chip to be bonded to the substrate, and the polymer bumps are at least partially hardened. The bond pads of the flip chip are then aligned with the bond pads of the substrate, and the at least partially hardened polymer bumps are pushed through the adhesive on the substrate to contact directly and bond the polymer bumps to the bond pads of the substrate. This process results in direct electrical and mechanical bonding of the polymer bumps between the chip and substrate bond pads, even though the adhesive film was applied on the substrate in a manner that covered the substrate bond pads. The polymer bumps displace the adhesive as they are pushed through it and expand laterally on the substrate bond pads.

Abstract: A method is presented for forming a bumped substrate and for forming an electrical circuit which includes the bumped substrate. The method of forming the bumped substrate includes forming at least one electrically conductive polymer bump on each of a first set of bond pads of the substrate. At least one electrically conductive polymer bump is then formed on each of a second set of the bond pads of the substrate. The circuit is formed by selectively forming an organic protective layer around the bond pads of a second substrate by laser ablation of an organic protective coating on the second substrate. The electrically conductive polymer bumps on the first and second portions of the bond pads of the first substrate are then contacted with the bond pads of the second substrate, thereby forming the electrical circuit.

Abstract: A method is presented for forming a bumped substrate and for forming an electrical circuit which includes the bumped substrate. The method of forming the bumped substrate includes forming at least one electrically conductive polymer bump on each of a first set of bond pads of the substrate. At least one electrically conductive polymer bump is then formed on each of a second set of the bond pads of the substrate. The circuit is formed by selectively forming an organic protective layer around the bond pads of a second substrate by laser ablation of an organic protective coating polymer bumps on the first and second portions of the bond pads of the first substrate are then contacted with the bond pads of the second substrate, thereby forming the electrical circuit.

Abstract: A method is presented for forming a bumped substrate and for forming an electrical circuit which includes the bumped substrate. The method of forming the bumped substrate includes forming at least one electrically conductive polymer bump on each of a first set of bond pads of the substrate. At least one electrically conductive polymer bump is then formed on each of a second set of the bond pads of the substrate. The circuit is formed by selectively forming an organic protective layer around the bond pads of a second substrate by laser ablation of an organic protective coating on the second substrate. The electrically conductive polymer bumps on the first and second portions of the bond pads of the first substrate are then contacted with the bond pads of the second substrate, thereby forming the electrical circuit.

Abstract: A method is presented for forming a bumped substrate and for forming an electrical circuit which includes the bumped substrate. The method of forming the bumped substrate includes forming at least one electrically conductive polymer bump on each of a first set of bond pads of the substrate. At least one electrically conductive polymer bump is then formed on each of a second set of the bond pads of the substrate. The circuit is formed by selectively forming an organic protective layer around the bond pads of a second substrate by laser ablation of an organic protective coating polymer bumps on the first and second portions of the bond pads of the first substrate are then contacted with the bond pads of the second substrate, thereby forming the electrical circuit.

Abstract: A method is presented for interconnecting bond pads of a flip chip with bond pads of a substrate by an electrically conductive polymer. An organic protective layer is selectively formed over a surface of a flip chip to thereby leave exposed bond pads on the flip chip. Monomer is formed on the bond pads extending to a level beyond the organic protective layer to form bumps. The bumps are aligned with bond pads of a substrate and then contacted to those bond pads. The bumps can be polymerized either before or after contacting the bumps to the bond pads of the substrate to form electrically conductive interconnections between the bond pads of the flip chip and the bond pads of the substrate.

Abstract: A method is presented for interconnecting bond pads of a flip chip with bond pads of a substrate by an electrically conductive polymer. A first organic protective layer is selectively formed over a surface of a flip chip to thereby leave exposed bond pads on the flip chip. An electrically conductive polymerizable precursor is disposed on the bond pads extending to a level beyond the organic protective layer. The first and second layers are polymerized to form electrically conductive bumps. A second organic protective layer is then formed on the surface of the substrate around the substrate bond pads, leaving the substrate bond pads exposed. An electrically conductive adhesive is then disposed on the substrate bond pads. The bumps are aligned with bond pads of a substrate and then contacted to those bond pads. The adhesive is polymerized to form electrical interconnections between the flip chip bond pads and the substrate bond pads.

Abstract: A method is presented for interconnecting bond pads of a flip chip with bond pads of a substrate by an electrically conductive polymer. An organic protective layer is selectively formed over a surface of a flip chip to thereby leave exposed bond pads on the flip chip. Electrically conductive polymerizable precursor is formed on the bond pads extending to a level beyond the organic protective layer to form bumps. The bumps are aligned with bond pads of a substrate and then contacted to those bond pads. The bumps can be polymerized either before or after contacting the bumps to the bond pads of the substrate to form electrically conductive interconnections between the bond pads of the flip chip and the bond pads of the substrate.