Abstract: A computer system displays a first object that includes at least a first portion of the first object and a second portion of the first object and detects a first gaze input that meets first criteria, wherein the first criteria require that the first gaze input is directed to the first portion of the first object in order for the first criteria to be met. In response, the computer system displays a first control element that corresponds to a first operation associated with the first object, wherein the first control element was not displayed prior to detecting that the first gaze input met the first criteria, and detects a first user input directed to the first control element. In response to detecting the first user input directed to the first control element, the computer system performs the first operation with respect to the first object.

Abstract: A new type of sound transducer, with high output capability and compact size employs a motor in combination with a displacement amplification system using curved lamina. The motor may be electrostatic, such as piezoelectric, or electrodynamic, such as magnetostrictive, or balanced armature. Newer forms of driver materials such as PMN-PT and layered PZT or Galfenol or Terfenol-D are examples. The design exhibits high source levels, smooth frequency response and uniform directivity. Although the application described herein relates to a low frequency sound source for underwater use, the design is not restricted to low frequencies or to an underwater sound source. Both sound production and reception may be conducted. Further, diaphragmatic displacement pumps and sensors may be equipped with curved lamina, which experience a change of curvature upon excitation of their edges, and which may generate displacement of their edges due to changes of their curvature.

Abstract: A new type of sound transducer, with high output capability and compact size employs a motor in combination with a displacement amplification system using curved lamina. The motor may be electrostatic, such as piezoelectric, or electrodynamic, such as magnetostrictive, or balanced armature. Newer forms of driver materials such as PMN-PT and layered PZT or Galfenol or Terfenol-D are examples. The design exhibits high source levels, smooth frequency response and uniform directivity. Although the application described herein relates to a low frequency sound source for underwater use, the design is not restricted to low frequencies or to an underwater sound source. Both sound production and reception may be conducted. Further, diaphragmatic displacement pumps and sensors may be equipped with curved lamina, which experience a change of curvature upon excitation of their edges, and which may generate displacement of their edges due to changes of their curvature.

Abstract: A squeeze-stretch (also called, herein push-pull) loudspeaker or driver, such as an electret, can operate in an active noise reduction (ANR) earplug application. Other embodiments of a squeeze-stretch loudspeaker, such as piezoelectric bimorph and balanced armature, operate in a similar way, although they will differ in detail. Other applications, such as earphones for communication and entertainment, will benefit from the compact arrangement of components in a squeeze-stretch design. The advantages are a greater sound output from a smaller package, a smooth frequency response, and because of the diaphragm arrangement, less sensitivity to vibration.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for smoothing the in-room acoustic magnitude response of an audio reproduction system. An in-room acoustic magnitude response analysis is performed to determine a room resonance induced peak associated with an audio signal. A replica of the audio signal is filtered at the room resonance induced peak. The filtered replica signal is added with the audio signal. Through this, smoothing of the room resonance induced peak may be achieved, such that a subjective impression of transient response and dynamics of the audio signal are preserved.

Abstract: A transducer senses sounds produced by a talker or other source and measures acceleration of air. Enhancement of acceleration is accompanied by reduction of the portion of the sound energy that escapes from the regions around the transducer. The result is a high sensitivity transducer, with increased privacy for use in communication systems, especially cell phones and in a multi-person environment. A pressure sensor array with a weighted output is sensitive to sound from a source talker only, and not to acoustic background noise, and not to a local loudspeaker. The weighted signal is a source sum pressure signal. The array produces a signal (using a different weighting) that corresponds to an estimate of a derivative of pressure. The derivative signal is proportional to the volume velocity fluctuations produced by the source. This signal is enhanced, rather than reduced. A local loudspeaker is driven to make the source sum pressure signal as small as desired.

Abstract: A transducer senses sounds produced by a talker or other source and measures acceleration of air. Enhancement of acceleration is accompanied by reduction of the portion of the sound energy that escapes from the regions around the transducer. The result is a high sensitivity transducer, with increased privacy for use in communication systems, especially cell phones and in a multi-person environment. A pressure sensor array with a weighted output is sensitive to sound from a source talker only, and not to acoustic background noise, and not to a local loudspeaker. The weighted signal is a source sum pressure signal. The array produces a signal (using a different weighting) that corresponds to an estimate of a derivative of pressure. The derivative signal is proportional to the volume velocity fluctuations produced by the source. This signal is enhanced, rather than reduced. A local loudspeaker is driven to make the source sum pressure signal as small as desired.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for smoothing the in-room acoustic magnitude response of an audio reproduction system. An in-room acoustic magnitude response analysis is performed to determine a room resonance induced peak associated with an audio signal. A replica of the audio signal is filtered at the room resonance induced peak. The filtered replica signal is added with the audio signal. Through this, smoothing of the room resonance induced peak may be achieved, such that a subjective impression of transient response and dynamics of the audio signal are preserved.

Abstract: A squeeze-stretch (also called, herein push-pull) loudspeaker or driver, such as an electret, can operate in an active noise reduction (ANR) earplug application. Other embodiments of a squeeze-stretch loudspeaker, such as piezoelectric bimorph and balanced armature, operate in a similar way, although they will differ in detail. Other applications, such as earphones for communication and entertainment, will benefit from the compact arrangement of components in a squeeze-stretch design. The advantages are a greater sound output from a smaller package, a smooth frequency response, and because of the diaphragm arrangement, less sensitivity to vibration.

Abstract: An apparatus compares the torque from an MOV motor with the valve displacement, and from the comparison assesses MOV operating condition. A transducer measures the vibration of the housing of an MOV. The vibrations are due to the motions of the rotating elements within the housing, which motions are directly related to the motion of the valve relative to its seat. Signal processing apparatus analyzes the vibrations to recover the rotations of the rotating elements and thus the motion of the valve plug. Lost motion can also be determined (if a lost motion connection exists) by demodulating the vibration signal and thus taking into account also the lost motion. Simultaneously, the forces applied to the valve are estimated by estimating the torque between the stator and the rotor of the motor. Such torque can be estimated from measuring the input current and voltage alone, using a forgetting factor and a correction for the forgetting factor.

Abstract: X-ray tube noise is reduced by coupling the stator mass to the neck section of the glass vacuum tube so that vibrations are dissipated by the stator and not transmitted to the bulk of the vacuum tube. The coupling is accomplished with a non-magnetic sealing material such as an epoxy sealant. The sealant will generally fill the gap between the stator and the neck section of the vacuum tube. Alternatively, the coupling can be done with a mechanical clamping device.

Abstract: A flow meter (10) employs phased arrays (14a, 14b, 16a, 16b, 18a, 18b, 20a, and 20b) of ultrasonic transducers mounted on the exterior of a pipe (12) to transmit and receive sound directed through paths that pass through the pipe interior. The flow meter (10) determines the rate of fluid flow through the pipe (12) by comparing the sound-propagation times for sound traveling the same paths in opposite directions. By driving the transducers as phased arrays, the flow meter (10) can employ sound-propagation paths that form angles to the normal to the interior pipe wall that exceed those dictated by Snell's law as applied to the relative propagation speeds in the pipe wall and the fluid.

Abstract: Damping structural vibrations by applying a multiplicity of discrete untuned passive dampers to a structure. Each passive damper includes a damping element and a damping mass, and the damping element provides damping generally in proportion to the relative velocity occurring between the mass and a point of attachment of the damper to the structure. The damping coefficients of the damping elements are selected so that the dampers increase the effective loss factor of the structure. The passive dampers each have a damping mass which is supported such that the dampers experience an undamped natural frequency below the resonant frequencies and the frequency range of the structure.

Abstract: A composite panel is described in which the face sheets and the core have properties such that the panel produces a double wall resonance near the low frequency end of the principal speech bands and in which the panel produces interaction between the symmetric and antisymmetric mode in the principal speech bands, thereby providing greater than mass-law transmission loss over a substantial portion of the audio frequency spectrum. At frequencies above the principal speech bands effects are determined primarily by the properties of the individual face sheets.

Abstract: A jet drop printer prints graphic information upon an oscillating printing medium. The printer has a row of jet forming nozzles which produce a row of spaced drop streams. The drops in the streams are selectively charged, deflected and caught, so that uncharged drops produce intelligible graphic information on the printing medium. The spacing between the jets is such that they cannot print contiguous traces upon an ordinary transported printing medium. Contiguous printing is accomplished by lateral oscillation of the printing medium. The oscillation of the printing medium causes each jet to be directed at a plurality of lateral printing positions on a sequential basis, and data representing printing information for the different printing positions is multiplexed into the drop switching system in synchronism with the oscillation of the printing medium.