Abstract: The present invention provides a plumbing apparatus that includes an offset or tangential T-fitting providing for offsetting a branch pipe from a run pipe in end elevation view, and for the branch pipe to intersect the run pipe orthogonally in side elevation view. That is, the branch pipe may intersect the run pipe substantially tangentially, so that an arrangement of plumbing fittings and devices may be nested into a thinner wall or into a smaller dimension of space than would be the case if a conventional T-fitting were employed. By use of the inventive T-fitting a considerable savings in materials of construction may be realized in the construction of swimming pools and spas, for example. Particularly, the present inventive offset or tangential T-fitting provides for the installation of bubble jet fittings and associated piping into a comparatively thin (i.e., about 6 inches thick) dam wall between a swimming pool and spa.

Abstract: An improved low-pressure, water-heating solar panel provides easier and safer initial installation because it is more resistant to damage by workmen during that installation. Further, after installation, the solar panel is more resistant to damage by high winds because it has a low profile and does not present a gap or space into which high winds can intrude to lift, flap, and damage the solar panel. Also, during freezing weather the improved solar panel is not damaged by freezing of retained water due to its novel internal construction which allows all water to completely drain from the solar panel and prevents any puddling of retained water. Methods of manufacturing the improved solar panel are disclosed.

Abstract: An improved, non-conductive electrical junction box includes a wall defining an insert recess. An insert member is received into the insert recess and defines a conduit socket in order to provide for an end portion of an electrical conduit to be joined with the junction box, providing for electrical wiring to pass between the conduit and the junction box.

Abstract: A thread cutting milling tool comprises a shank with a working portion formed with a recess for receiving a thread cutting insert. The thread cutting insert has one edge formed with a line of thread-form teeth of identical profile. The thread cutting teeth project laterally for cutting engagement with a work-piece while the tool spins about its axis. The tool also orbits within or about a work piece, and in one orbit of the tool in a helical cutting path relative to the work piece a number of complete turns of the screw-thread are formed which is equal to the number of teeth of the insert in engagement with the work-piece. A secondary cutter carried on the thread cutting milling tool provides for formation of a pilot portion or counter bore on the work piece at an end of the screw thread. The pilot portion or counter bore provides for alignment of a threaded member which is to engage the screw thread.

Abstract: A thread cutting milling tool comprises a shank with a working portion formed with a recess for receiving a thread cutting insert. The thread cutting insert has one edge formed with a line of thread-form teeth of identical profile. The thread cutting teeth project laterally for cutting engagement with a work-piece while the tool spins about its axis. The tool also orbits within or about a work piece, and in one orbit of the tool in a helical cutting path relative to the work piece a number of complete turns of the screw-thread are formed which is equal to the number of teeth of the insert in engagement with the work-piece. A secondary cutter carried on the thread cutting milling tool provides for formation of a pilot portion or counter bore on the work piece at an end of the screw thread. The pilot portion or counter bore provides for alignment of a threaded member which is to engage the screw thread.

Abstract: A high-volume, high-utility, non-conductive electrical junction box includes a back wall and four side walls in rectangular array extending from the back wall, with each side wall being jointed to the back wall and to the two adjacent side walls in order to both define an opening to the junction box, and to substantially enclose a volume therewithin. Inside of the junction box, electrical wiring and devices may be safely installed. The junction box includes internal mounting lugs that extend from the opening of the junction box toward but short of the back wall, and which thus provide an improved volume within a junction box of a standard size. Additionally, a multitude of conduit sockets may be attached to the junction box, and mutually lock to the walls of the junction box by use of a specialized multiple-engagement nut member.

Abstract: An improved, non-conductive electrical junction box assembly includes a junction box body defining at least one insert recess; and an insert member slidably received into the insert recess, defining a stepped through bore, and outwardly providing a conduit socket into which an end termination portion of an electrical conduit may be received and secured. The insert member may be adhesively secured into the insert recess, or the insert member and junction box body may include mutual latching features which engage upon insertion of the insert member into the insert recess to lock the insert member in the insert recess. Alternatively, the insert member and the insert recess may each have a portion that is generally T-shaped, and these portions may receive and engage one another to position the insert member on the junction box body. A latching feature may be included in the T-shaped insert member, and the junction box body may include features allowing unlatching and removal of the insert member.

Abstract: A rugged, impact-resistant electrical junction box, particularly for installation in wet environments, such as at a swimming pool, includes a non-metallic, non-conductive base part defining a cavity in which electrical wires can be terminated, and defining an opening to this cavity. A cover part is provided to close the opening of the base part. A grounding bushing member provides for electrically bonding of the junction box to metallic electrical conduits. The base part also defines a plurality of through bores through which electrical wires may pass upwardly into the cavity, and a depending tubular boss portion at each of these through bores for connection of metallic or non-metallic electrical conduits. Internally of the cavity, the base part defines a strain relief structure above and aligning with each of the plural through bores. This base part also includes an electrical bonding bar providing for plural neutral and ground conductors to be secured and mutually electrically interconnected.

Abstract: A rugged, impact-resistant electrical junction box, particularly for installation in wet environments, such as at a swimming pool, includes a non-metallic, non-conductive base part defining a cavity in which electrical wires can be terminated, and defining an opening to this cavity. A cover part is provided to close the opening of the base part. A grounding bushing member provides for electrically bonding of the junction box to metallic electrical conduits. The base part also defines a plurality of through bores through which electrical wires may pass upwardly into the cavity, and a depending tubular boss portion at each of these through bores for connection of metallic or non-metallic electrical conduits. Internally of the cavity, the base part defines a strain relief structure above and aligning with each of the plural through bores. This base part also includes an electrical bonding bar providing for plural neutral and ground conductors to be secured and mutually electrically interconnected.

Abstract: An improved, non-conductive electrical junction box assembly includes a junction box body defining at least one insert recess; and an insert member slidably received into the insert recess, defining a stepped through bore, and outwardly providing a conduit socket into which an end termination portion of an electrical conduit may be received and secured. The insert member may be adhesively secured into the insert recess, or the insert member and junction box body may include mutual latching features which engage upon insertion of the insert member into the insert recess to lock the insert member in the insert recess. Alternatively, the insert member and the insert recess may each have a portion that is generally T-shaped, and these portions may receive and engage one another to position the insert member on the junction box body. A latching feature may be included in the T-shaped insert member, and the junction box body may include features allowing unlatching and removal of the insert member.

Abstract: A high-volume, high-utility, non-conductive electrical junction box includes a back wall and four side walls in rectangular array extending from the back wall, with each side wall being jointed to the back wall and to the two adjacent side walls in order to both define an opening to the junction box, and to substantially enclose a volume therewithin. Inside of the junction box, electrical wiring and devices may be safely installed. The junction box includes internal mounting lugs that extend from the opening of the junction box toward but short of the back wall, and which thus provide an improved volume within a junction box of a standard size. Additionally, a multitude of conduit sockets may be attached to the junction box, and mutually lock to the walls of the junction box by use of a specialized multiple-engagement nut member.

Abstract: An artificial waterfall apparatus and method for providing a sheet-like waterfall at the edge of a pool, spa, or fountain, for example, includes a first elongate chamber into which water flows perpendicularly to the length of this chamber, and in which a pair of oppositely directed like-rotating helical recirculation water flows are formed to sweep air and debris to opposite ends of the first chamber, while also contributing to uniformity of water distribution, pressure, and flow velocity in the apparatus. Air is discharged from the apparatus near one of the opposite sides of the waterfall so that the main central body of the waterfall is not disturbed by air bubbles. A second chamber receives water flow from the first chamber, and includes a flow distribution member which further contributes to uniformity of water flow in the apparatus.

Abstract: An electrical junction box for swimming pool light fixtures includes a base plate and a cover member. The base plate includes plural lower conduit bosses and sockets in an array for sealingly receiving polymeric electrical conduits. The sockets are configured to singularly provide all necessary support to the junction box as installed. A grounding and bonding member is carried by the base plate within the junction box, and is configured in coordination with the array of conduit sockets to assist in organizing electrical wiring within the junction box. A strain relief structure is arranged adjacent to each conduit socket to centralize or group the wires brought into the junction box, while the grounding and bonding member (and an external bonding wire connection feature as well) provides unprecedented convenience of termination for the centralized or grouped wire connections.

Abstract: An electrical junction box for swimming pool light fixtures includes a metallic base plate and a polymer cover member. the base plate includes lower conduit hubs in a circular array, and a dual-function strain-relief and ground wire connecting structure adjacent each electrical wire opening on the upper side of the base plate. The strain relief structure are arranged to centralize the wires brought into the junction box, while the ground wire connecting structure (and a bonding wire features as well) provides unprecedented convenience of termination from the centralized wire connections. The strain relief, ground wire, and bonding wire features (as well as cover member installation on the base plate) allows their use without need to horizonal access to the junction box, access, vertically downward from above is all that is needed.