Abstract: A plug-in interface is provided in a crawling search engine. Plug-in parsers are also provided for use with the search engine. The plug-in interface allows the search engine to be configured with different plug-in parsers. Thus, a customer may configure a search engine with a parser that best suits the needs of the customer and to try new parsing algorithms to find the best results.

Abstract: A mixed translation of content is created in one document based on a new use of the lang’ attribute on standard HTML tags. The HTML 4.0 specification defines the ‘lang’ attribute as being used for an element's attribute value and content. Browsers use this information to assist in proper rendering of content associated with treatment of ligatures, hyphenations and quotations. Search engines and other applications may use this field for spell checking or creating indices. The implication of this common usage is that the content is in the language indicated by the ‘lang’ attribute and language specific rules for its rendering apply.

Abstract: A mixed translation of content is created in one document based on a new use of the lang’ attribute on standard HTML tags. The HTML 4.0 specification defines the ‘lang’ attribute as being used for an element's attribute value and content. Browsers use this information to assist in proper rendering of content associated with treatment of ligatures, hyphenations and quotations. Search engines and other applications may use this field for spell checking or creating indices. The implication of this common usage is that the content is in the language indicated by the ‘lang’ attribute and language specific rules for its rendering apply.

Abstract: A mixed translation of content is created in one document based on a new use of the ‘lang’ attribute on standard HTML tags. The HTML 4.0 specification defines the ‘lang’ attribute as being used for an element's attribute value and content. Browsers use this information to assist in proper rendering of content associated with treatment of ligatures, hyphenations and quotations. Search engines and other applications may use this field for spell checking or creating indices. The implication of this common usage is that the content is in the language indicated by the ‘lang’ attribute and language specific rules for its rendering apply.

Abstract: A mechanism is provided for efficiently serializing complex objects. When a server application returns a complex object, the server application creates a string object. String objects are already defined as serializable. The string object may simply be a hash key in a hash table for the server application, which stores the complex object. Thus, the complex object does not have to be inefficiently serialized, because the string is returned rather than the complex object. The client may then use the complex object to call another server application without knowing the structure of the complex object.

Abstract: A mechanism is provided for chaining server applications. A chaining module is provided that receives a series of server applications and chains them together passing the output of one to the input of the next. The series of server applications may be passed to the chaining module in a chain option. A properties file may be provided to register names of server applications. A name may be associated with the chaining module and the options may be specified in the properties file. Thus, a chain of server applications may be registered by name.

Abstract: A mechanism is provided for chaining machine translation engines using linguistic annotation language in the intermediate language. A first machine translation engine is provided that translates the source language text into an intermediate language text marked up with linguistic annotation language. A second machine translation engine translates the intermediate language text into the target language using the linguistic annotation language.

Abstract: A mechanism is provided for efficiently serializing complex objects. When a server application returns a complex object, the server application creates a string object. String objects are already defined as serializable. The string object may simply be a hash key in a hash table for the server application, which stores the complex object. Thus, the complex object does not have to be inefficiently serialized, because the string is returned rather than the complex object. The client may then use the complex object to call another server application without knowing the structure of the complex object.

Abstract: A technique for permitting a developer to be presented with a visual programming environment which includes different representations of a class library from which a developer may select classes for inclusion in an application under development. The environment includes a class window, a composition editor window, and a methods window. To permit greater understanding of the class library that the developer is working with, the class library can be presented in the class window in a class tree format, in a class list format, or in a graphical format which includes graphical representations of the classes. The developer may select a class for inclusion in the application under development from any of the three formats. The methods window is provided for displaying the methods (code) for a selected class. The methods of a class may be modified or new methods added via the methods window after the class has been added to the application under development.

Abstract: A mechanism is provided for efficiently serializing complex objects. When a server application returns a complex object, the server application creates a string object. String objects are already defined as serializable. The string object may simply be a hash key in a hash table for the server application, which stores the complex object. Thus, the complex object does not have to be inefficiently serialized, because the string is returned rather than the complex object. The client may then use the complex object to call another server application without knowing the structure of the complex object.

Abstract: A plug-in interface is provided in a crawling search engine. Plug-in parsers are also provided for use with the search engine. The plug-in interface allows the search engine to be configured with different plug-in parsers. Thus, a customer may configure a search engine with a parser that best suits the needs of the customer and to try new parsing algorithms to find the best results.

Abstract: A mechanism is provided for efficiently serializing complex objects. When a server application returns a complex object, the server application creates a string object. String objects are already defined as serializable. The string object may simply be a hash key in a hash table for the server application, which stores the complex object. Thus, the complex object does not have to be inefficiently serialized, because the string is returned rather than the complex object. The client may then use the complex object to call another server application without knowing the structure of the complex object.

Abstract: A game lobby allows users to open a game with their name at a central place so that others may see and join that game. The user can set the criteria for starting this game, such as the number of players or start time, whichever comes first. This paradigm enables a platform-independent object model without the burden of multi-user communication management by the game developer. The object model enables the development of game lobby services by multiple vendors and allows games to freely operate with any of these lobby implementations.

Abstract: A technique for converting a resource file into object oriented source code and/or an object oriented class. A standard resource file is first converted into source code for an object oriented language. The converter includes a subprocess relative to each keyword included in the resource file for converting the information associated with each keyword into a format includable in an object oriented class. Other elements of the resource file, such as the filename, are also converted as needed into the target language, and formal code required by classes in the target language is also created. The preferred target language is Java.

Abstract: A mechanism is provided for chaining machine translation engines using linguistic annotation language in the intermediate language. A first machine translation engine is provided that translates the source language text into an intermediate language text marked up with linguistic annotation language. A second machine translation engine translates the intermediate language text into the target language using the linguistic annotation language.

Abstract: A mechanism is provided for chaining server applications. A chaining module is provided that receives a series of server applications and chains them together passing the output of one to the input of the next. The series of server applications may be passed to the chaining module in a chain option. A properties file may be provided to register names of server applications. A name may be associated with the chaining module and the options may be specified in the properties file. Thus, a chain of server applications may be registered by name.

Abstract: Self-testing controls are packaged together for use by a developer. The controls are enabled without the need for a custom written outside program.

Abstract: A query from a user in a user's language to a directory service in another language different from the user's language is intercepted. The query is translated from the user's language into the language of the directory service. The translated query is then delivered to the directory service and an appropriate response is provided for the user.

Abstract: The Content-Language field in the entity-header of an HTTP response is used as the final factor in driving machine translation of text. The HTTP 1.1 specification defines the purpose of the value in this field to identify and differentiate entities according to a user's own preferred language. Its implication is that the content body is in the language defined via the Content-Language field. If the body content is only appropriate to a German-literate audience then typical use of this information would be to execute some processing to avoid rendering to someone other than that target. This information is used in rendering decisions. Herein, this value is a determining factor in the machine translation (MT) decision as well. It is still used in the rendering decision, but if the content is not currently in the desired language, it will be translated to it. Prior to the response being served, appropriate MT would be initiated based on this value.

Abstract: A technique for use in a client-server environment, such as the World Wide Web, for providing a client with the best available translated version of a document requested from a server in a language other than the original language of the document. In response to a request from a client for a document in a secondary language, the technique determines if a version of the document exists in the specified secondary language. The invention supports more than one type of translated version; namely, a machine translation version and a human translation version. Typically, human translation versions are more accurate than machine translation versions. If both translation versions are available and the most recent version is newer than the original document, or if one of the translation versions is available and that version is newer than the original document, the most recent version is sent to the client.