Abstract: A process for the preparation of polybutene having an exo-olefin content of at least 50 mol. % from an isobutene-containing monomer feedstock, which process comprises contacting said isobutene-containing feedstock with a Lewis acid catalyst complexed with a Lewis base, in an apolar polymerization medium, and initiating polymerization of said isobutene-containing feedstock. The Lewis acid catalyst is of formula R?AlCl2, wherein R? is hydrocarbyl; the Lewis base is a dihydrocarbyl ether wherein each hydrocarbyl group is independently selected from C1-C8 hydrocarbyl groups and one or both hydrocarbyl groups of the dihydrocarbyl ether are substituted with an electron-withdrawing group; and the initiator is a compound of formula RX, wherein X is a halide; R is a hydrocarbyl group capable of forming a stable carbocation, and the carbon linking group R to group X is tertiary, benzylic, or allylic.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polybutene having an exo-olefin content of at least 50 mol. % from an isobutene-containing monomer feedstock, which process comprises contacting said isobutene-containing feedstock with a Lewis acid catalyst complexed with a Lewis base, in an apolar polymerization medium, and initiating polymerization of said isobutene-containing feedstock. The Lewis acid catalyst is of formula R?AlCl2, wherein R? is hydrocarbyl; the Lewis base is a dihydrocarbyl ether wherein each hydrocarbyl group is independently selected from C1-C8 hydrocarbyl groups and one or both hydrocarbyl groups of the dihydrocarbyl ether are substituted with an electron-withdrawing group; and the initiator is a compound of formula RX, wherein X is a halide; R is a hydrocarbyl group capable of forming a stable carbocation, and the carbon linking group R to group X is tertiary, benzylic, or allylic.

Abstract: A method for producing highly reactive olefin polymers wherein at least 50 mol. % of the polymer chains have terminal double bonds, from an impurity-containing isobutylene or a mixed C4 hydrocarbyl feedstock containing isobutylene in which the water content of the feedstock is controlled to be at least equal to the content of polar impurities in the feedstock, and less than the concentration at which the water causes a decrease in vinylidene end-group selectivity.

Abstract: A method for producing highly reactive olefin polymers wherein at least 50 mol. % of the polymer chains have terminal double bonds, from an impurity-containing isobutylene or a mixed C4 hydrocarbyl feedstock containing isobutylene in which the water content of the feedstock is controlled to be at least equal to the content of polar impurities in the feedstock, and less than the concentration at which the water causes a decrease in vinylidene end-group selectivity.

Abstract: A method for producing highly reactive olefin polymers wherein at least 50 mol. % of the polymer chains have terminal double bonds, from an isobutylene or a mixed C4 hydrocarbyl feedstock containing isobutylene. To achieve a viable process, water is added to the catalyst stream or the feedstock in the overall range of 0.05 mM to less than 5 mM per liter of feedstock.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprising (A) an oil of lubricating viscosity; and, (B) as an additive component, an oil-soluble mixture of oxyalkylated hydrocarbyl phenol condensates wherein the oxyalkyl groups have the formula —(R?O)n— where R? is an ethylene, a propylene or a butylene group; n is independently from 0 to 10; less than 45 mole % of the phenolic hydroxyl groups in the mixture are not oxyalkylated; and more than 55 mole % of the oxyalkyl groups in the mixture have the formula —R?O— where n is 1.