Abstract: A method of positioning an end of a pipeline on a subsea structure includes the steps of: (a) providing a channel on the subsea structure, the channel having an open end adjacent to a receptacle on the subsea structure, (b) providing a pipeline, (c) attaching a connector to an end of the pipeline, (d) laying the end of the pipeline with the connector attached into the channel, and (e) pulling the pipeline end along the channel such that the connector exits the open end of the channel and is received by the receptacle. A channel is used in the method and a subsea structure is used wherein the channel is provided on the upper surface of the subsea structure.

Abstract: A bi-state driver circuit for switching an output terminal between a first predetermined voltage level and a high impedance state, which involves a first string of transistors connected between the output terminal and the first predetermined voltage level at least a first transistor arranged closer to the first predetermined voltage level, a second transistor arranged closer to the output terminal, a voltage divider circuit connected between the output terminal and a voltage level of a control signal attaining voltage levels between the first predetermined voltage level and a second predetermined voltage level, including at least one intermediate node having an intermediate voltage level between a voltage level of the output terminal and the voltage level of the control signal, and a second string of transistors connected between the intermediate node of the voltage divider circuit and the second predetermined voltage level, and including at least a third transistor.

Abstract: A transceiver for imparting a voltage signal on a differential signaling bus, involving an output terminal and a string of one or more transistors connected between the output terminal and a predetermined voltage level. The transceiver can be switched between an active state in which the predetermined voltage level is applied to the output terminal, and an inactive state in which the predetermined voltage level is not applied to the output terminal. Methods for the transceiver can involve a detection step of detecting a first quantity depending on a current flowing through a first transistor in the string of transistors, a failure determination step of determining whether the detected first quantity satisfies one or more error conditions, and a control step of switching the transceiver to the inactive state if the detected first quantity is determined to satisfy at least one of the one or more error conditions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of positioning an end (210) of a pipeline (200) on a subsea structure (300). The method comprises the steps of: (a) providing a channel (305) on the subsea structure, the channel having an open end adjacent to a receptacle (335) on the subsea structure, (b) providing a pipeline, (c) attaching a connector (325) to an end of the pipeline, (d) laying the end of the pipeline with the connector attached into the channel, and (e) pulling the pipeline end along the channel such that the connector exits the open end of the channel and is received by the receptacle. The invention also relates to a channel for use in the method and a subsea structure wherein the channel is provided on the upper surface of the subsea structure.

Abstract: This application relates to a method of operating a transceiver for imparting a voltage signal on a differential signaling bus, wherein the transceiver comprises an output terminal and a string of one or more transistors connected between the output terminal and a predetermined voltage level, and wherein the transceiver can be switched between an active state in which the predetermined voltage level is applied to the output terminal, and an inactive state in which the predetermined voltage level is not applied to the output terminal. The method comprises a detection step of detecting a first quantity depending on a current flowing through a first transistor in the string of transistors, a failure determination step of determining whether the detected first quantity satisfies one or more error conditions, and a control step of switching the transceiver to the inactive state if the detected first quantity is determined to satisfy at least one of the one or more error conditions.

Abstract: This application relates to a bi-state driver circuit for switching an output terminal between a first predetermined voltage level and a high impedance state.

Abstract: A method of determining link failure in a receiver for receiving a differential voltage signal via a first signal line and a second signal line, the method including: obtaining a first quantity depending on the larger one of a maximum value over time of a voltage level that is attained in the first signal line and a maximum value over time of a voltage level that is attained in the second signal line; obtaining a second quantity depending on a maximum value over time of an average of an instantaneous voltage level in the first signal line and an instantaneous voltage level in the second signal line; and determining that the link failure has occurred on the basis of the first quantity and the second quantity.

Abstract: A method of determining link failure in a receiver for receiving a differential voltage signal via a first signal line and a second signal line, the method including: obtaining a first quantity depending on the larger one of a maximum value over time of a voltage level that is attained in the first signal line and a maximum value over time of a voltage level that is attained in the second signal line; obtaining a second quantity depending on a maximum value over time of an average of an instantaneous voltage level in the first signal line and an instantaneous voltage level in the second signal line; and determining that the link failure has occurred on the basis of the first quantity and the second quantity.

Abstract: An optical signal amplifier with a waveguide path integrated into a glass body that is doped with optically active material. The signal to be amplified is transmitted through the waveguide and the pump power is coupled into the waveguide at one end. The waveguide comprises closely spaced adjacent guide lengths in the form of a spiral, zigzag paths between mirrors, or parallel paths with connecting semicircles at alternating ends of succeeding pairs of paths.