Abstract: A system includes a plurality of scanning devices and light receivers, enabling a plurality of images of a site to be displayed using output signals produced in response to light from the light receivers. To avoid crosstalk caused by light receivers receiving light emitted by a plurality of scanning devices, different wavebands of light can be applied to different scanning devices, the received light can be filtered, or the light can be supplied to one scanning device at a time to multiplex either frame-by-frame, or pixel-by-pixel, or the light supplied to each scanning device can be modulated and the received light demodulated so that an image is produced in response to light from a single scanning device. Expensive components such as laser light sources, optical detectors, a controller, and processor can be shared by multiple imaging devices to minimize the cost of the imaging system.

Abstract: A water treatment cartridge comprises an additive channel arranged so that only some of the water passing through the cartridge passes through it. The additive channel comprises means for automatically releasing an additive into the water in the channel. The additive channel is arranged to control the additive dose. The cartridge may also contain a water treatment or filter medium.

Abstract: A fastener is provided including an elongated body having a first end and a second end, and a helical thread formed on at least a portion of the elongated body where the thread has a crest, a root, and flank portions. The helical thread has at least one protrusion extending from the crest and flank portions toward the first end of the elongated body, and each protrusion has a peak that extends to the root of the thread.

Abstract: One or more scan illuminators and a plurality of light receivers are provided on the distal end of a tool or other component, so that a plurality of images of a site can be provided in response to output signals from the plurality of light receivers. The output signals from the plurality of light receivers are combined to produce an overall image of the site or a plurality of different images from disparate positions. The plurality of images can be viewed separately to produce a stereo or perspective view, or can be produced using different wavebands of light to provide enhanced information about the site that facilitates use of one or more tools or components at the site. The scan illuminator(s) and plurality of light receivers can be configured to be added to an existing tool or component.

Abstract: A system includes a plurality of scanning devices and light receivers, enabling a plurality of images of a site to be displayed using output signals produced in response to light from the light receivers. To avoid crosstalk caused by light receivers receiving light emitted by a plurality of scanning devices, different wavebands of light can be applied to different scanning devices, the received light can be filtered, or the light can be supplied to one scanning device at a time to multiplex either frame-by-frame, or pixel-by-pixel, or the light supplied to each scanning device can be modulated and the received light demodulated so that an image is produced in response to light from a single scanning device. Expensive components such as laser light sources, optical detectors, a controller, and processor can be shared by multiple imaging devices to minimize the cost of the imaging system.

Abstract: A scanning device for use in an endoscope or other applications can be driven to scan a region with one or more different scanning parameters during successive scanning frames. The scanning device, which can include an optical fiber or reflective surface driven by an actuator to move relative to one or more axes, can be provided with a drive signal that is different during successive scanning frames so that the scanning pattern can be caused to differ between the successive scanning frames by one or more of size, amplitude in at least one direction, depth, duration, shape, and resolution. Thus, different scanning frames can be employed for imaging, carrying out a diagnosis, rendering a therapy, and/or monitoring a site, using the appropriate scanning pattern, appropriate light source, and other parameters for each function that is carried out by the scanning device.

Abstract: A multi-cladding optical fiber includes a core that conveys visible light used by a scanner for imaging a site within a patient's body, and an inner cladding that conveys high-power light, such as infrared light, used for providing therapy to site. The distal end of multi-cladding optical fiber is driven to scan the site when imaging or rendering therapy using an actuator. High-power light is coupled into inner cladding at proximal end of optical fiber using several different techniques. Some techniques use an axicon to direct the high-power light into the inner cladding, while visible light is coupled directly into the core. Another technique uses a multimode optical fiber in a coupling relationship with the multi-cladding optical fiber, to transfer high-power light from a core of the multimode fiber into the inner cladding of the multi-cladding optical fiber.

Abstract: A base structure having a bearing surface defining a bearing plane and an inner portion spaced apart from the bearing surface in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the bearing plane. The inner portion includes a first surface, a second surface spaced apart from said first surface, and a step merging said first surface with second surface.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention relates to a container having a longitudinal axis and with a finish, shoulder, finish base, and a step. The shoulder has a wall thickness and is inclined away from the finish at a first angle with respect to a plane that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the container. The a finish base extends from the bottom of the finish towards the shoulder and has a wall thickness. The finish base is inclined away from the finish at a second angle with respect to a plane that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the container. The step extends from the finish base to the shoulder and is inclined away from the finish at a third angle with respect to a plane that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the container. The step also has longitudinal height that is approximately the same as the wall thickness of the finish base; and.

Abstract: A scanning flexible endoscope includes a tether attached to a capsule. The tether controls a disposition of the capsule within a body lumen such as the esophagus. A scanning device in the capsule optically scans the adjacent tissue on the inside surface of the body lumen as the capsule is moved axially through the body lumen. A non-contact sensor responds to indicia on the tether to measure a relative position of the tether and the capsule in the body lumen. The indicia can be analog or digital in form and the sensor can be either magnetic, or optical. A wiper is optionally provided to remove bodily fluids from the tether when pulled from the body lumen past the sensor. A pulse of fluid can be delivered to the distal end of the tether to cause the body lumen to distend, facilitating free movement of the capsule in the lumen.

Abstract: Water-based adhesive compositions are improved by the incorporation of hollow polymeric microspheres having outer surfaces coated with one or more barrier materials such as calcium carbonate particles. The adhesive compositions exhibit enhanced rheology, sprayability, drying time, tack and storage stability as compared to analogous adhesives that are not modified with coated hollow polymeric microspheres. Such compositions are useful as both contact adhesives as well as wet bonding one-way adhesives.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed that improve the browsing and purchasing experience for online customers. Partial search and navigation requests are asynchronously executed while the user is still typing. No conventional gestures (e.g., mouse clicks, enter key presses, select key presses, pad presses, button presses, hyperlink selection, or other such post-search_term entry_commit actions) are required to execute search request. Result sets narrowed by navigational elements (e.g., product attribute hyperlinks, such as color, size, gender, etc) can be previewed without committing (clicking or entering) to that navigational pathway. Navigational elements can be tied to and synchronized with the result set.

Abstract: The present invention provides scanning beam devices that have one or more detectors positioned within a housing of the device. The detector(s) may be disposed anywhere within the housing to receive light reflected from the target area. In one embodiment, an optical assembly of the device transmits a first portion of the reflected light to a scanning element, and a second portion of the reflected light to the detectors. In another embodiment, the optical assembly is configured to transmit substantially all of the reflected light to the scanning element. In such embodiments, the scanning element will be adapted to allow the light to exit the scanning element and impinge on the detector(s) within the housing.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems for scanning an illumination spot over a target area. The present invention removes stored energy from a scanning element to stop the scanning element from vibrating and to substantially return the scanning element to its starting position so as to enable high frame rates.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices can determine spatial relationships between a probe and a target surface. Specular reflections from the target surface vary dramatically with small changes in angle between the scanning beam and the target surface, and as the geometry of the beam scanner and light detector of the probe are often known, and as the angle of the light beam projected from a scanner for accurately generating an image, the pattern of spectral light reflected from the light beam directly back to the detector allows the distance between the probe and the target surface, and/or the angular relationship between the probe and the target surface, to be calculated.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, software, and systems that allow a scanning beam device to create full or partial color images using sequential color methods. The methods of the present invention may use sequential color concepts to improve image generation without increasing scan rates while using light source modulation rates that are much less than conventional methods.