Abstract: A method of measuring dimensional changes in a transparent substrate includes forming an array of reference markers on a reference plate, forming an array of substrate markers on the transparent substrate, stacking the reference plate and transparent substrate such that the reference markers and substrate markers overlap, measuring coordinates of the substrate markers relative to coordinates of the reference markers before and after processing the transparent substrate, and determining dimensional changes in the transparent substrate from the difference between the measured relative coordinates of the substrate markers before and after processing the transparent substrate.

Abstract: A topical anesthetic-cleansing solution and applicator are provided. The anesthetic-cleansing solution comprises an anesthetic agent such as Benzocaine and a cleansing solution such as alcohol. The applicator includes a swab and outer packaging housing the swab in a generally sterile environment. The swab includes an elongated member and an absorbent tip attached to the elongated member. The absorbent tip is impregnated with the anesthetic-cleansing solution. A method is also provided for using the applicator. The method includes the steps of holding a portion of the packaging covering the swab elongated member; removing a portion of the packaging covering the absorbent tip to expose the absorbent tip; and applying the absorbent tip on the patient's skin area to be anesthetized and cleansed.

Abstract: A safe analytical technique for determining the concentration amount of dibutyl and monobutyl phosphate degradation products in the TBP-dodecane solvent used in solvent extraction processes. This method of chemical analysis eliminates the use of diazomethane, which is toxic and explosive, thereby providing a safer laboratory technique for routine analyses required to monitor production solvent extraction processes. The solvent sample to be analyzed is spiked with mass labelled, deuterated dibutyl and monobutyl phosphates, which act as internal standards. After adding a silylating agent, bistrimethylsilyltrifluoracetamide, the sample is injected into a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer, which measures the ratio between the labelled internal standard and the naturally occurring material to obtain a quantitative result.

Abstract: An improved internal standard for use in determining the concentration of decomposition products of tributyl phosphate in solvent used for solvent extraction. The improved internal standard includes deuterated variants of the decomposition products to be measured, e.g., deuterated dibutyl and monobutyl phosphoric acids. The use of deuterated dibutyl and monobutyl phosphoric acids eliminates the use of diazomethane, which is toxic and explosive, thereby providing a safer laboratory technique for routine analyses required to monitor production solvent extraction processes.

Abstract: A safety needle attachment for a syringe body assembly makes use of a needle holder with a needle fixed in the holder and the holder so constructed that it can, if necessary, be applied to and removed from the syringe body assembly at will. The needle is initially entirely surrounded by a protecting jacket which is releasably interlocked with the holder. When the needle is to be used, the interlock is released and the jacket in effect telescoped over the holder to project the needle through a membrane over the end of the jacket to a working position. After use the jacket is returned to its protecting position and there interlocked in place. Thereafter for those occasions where the attachment is removable from the body assembly, it can be removed for disposal.