Abstract: An exhaust system for an engine comprises a cylinder head having an integral exhaust manifold to collect exhaust gas exiting the engine combustion chambers. An exhaust gas conduit in fluid communication with the exhaust manifold comprises an inlet end connected to the cylinder head, a portion that extends towards an upper end of the internal combustion engine and an outlet end configured to define an inlet end of a multistage catalytic converter. The catalytic converter comprises a canister having an inlet end located adjacent the top of the engine and includes first and second catalyst substrates and a collector closing an outlet end of the canister. The outlet end of the canister is located adjacent to the bottom of the engine, and the first and the second catalyst substrates receive and convert constituents of exhaust gas passing from the inlet end of the canister to the outlet end.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has an exhaust gas treatment system comprises a multiple piece canister having a first canister portion and a second canister portion, a conical portion extending axially from an end of the first canister portion including a wall that is inclined inwardly, towards a central axis of the multiple piece canister, a funnel portion extending axially from an end of the second canister portion including a wall that is inclined outwardly, away from the central axis of the multiple piece canister, the wall of the conical portion and the wall of the funnel portion defining an insulation gap therebetween and an annular band of insulating and cushioning mat material disposed under compression by the walls within the insulation gap.

Abstract: An exhaust treatment system for an internal combustion engine comprises an insulating and cushioning mat material disposed in the exhaust treatment system and a film laminate sleeve vacuum packed and sealing the insulating and cushioning mat material therein.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an engine comprises a cylinder head having an integral exhaust manifold to collect exhaust gas exiting the engine combustion chambers. An exhaust gas conduit in fluid communication with the exhaust manifold comprises an inlet end connected to the cylinder head, a portion that extends towards an upper end of the internal combustion engine and an outlet end configured to define an inlet end of a multistage catalytic converter. The catalytic converter comprises a canister having an inlet end located adjacent the top of the engine and includes first and second catalyst substrates and a collector closing an outlet end of the canister. The outlet end of the canister is located adjacent to the bottom of the engine, and the first and the second catalyst substrates receive and convert constituents of exhaust gas passing from the inlet end of the canister to the outlet end.

Abstract: A spindle positioning apparatus for a robotic manipulator. The spindle positioning apparatus includes a mounting plate assembly, first and second spindles, and an actuator mechanism. The first spindle is disposed on the mounting plate assembly in a fixed position. The second spindle is disposed on the mounting plate assembly and is movable with respect to the first spindle. The actuator mechanism is adapted to move the second spindle with respect to the first spindle.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product for filtering electronic mail. In one case, unwanted email is blocked at the server by employing automated methods to verify that the email is from either a known sender or an actual human user.

Abstract: A spindle positioning apparatus for a robotic manipulator. The spindle positioning apparatus includes a mounting plate assembly, first and second spindles, and an actuator mechanism. The first spindle is disposed on the mounting plate assembly in a fixed position. The second spindle is disposed on the mounting plate assembly and is movable with respect to the first spindle. The actuator mechanism is adapted to move the second spindle with respect to the first spindle.

Abstract: A method for measuring the masses of objects in any gravity environment, including microgravity or zero gravity. An object is placed on or attached to a platform or holder having a motor for rotating the platform. The object is rotated at an angular velocity and its centrifugal force is measured. Values representing the centrifugal force, the angular velocity, the tare mass of the platform, as well as a radial distance, are used to calculate the mass of the object. Three different variations of the method use different radial distance values.

Abstract: A coil former with injection-molded encapsulation has a top fitting in which coil wire guides for guiding a coil wire are formed. By virtue of the specific shape and arrangement of the coil wire guides, it is ensured, in particular together with a special design of the housing which surrounds the coil former, that the coil wire is only stressed in its longitudinal direction. As a result, damage or preliminary damage of the coil wire is prevented and reliability is increased.

Abstract: An array of antennas is sequentially sampled by digital commutation means provide a synchronous display of a synthesized antenna array pattern of reception on a cathode ray tube indicator. The commutation means and digital means for generating sine and cosine signals operate from a common oscillator source. Digital means are provided to advance or delay the phase relation of the pattern or of a strobe line with respect to the CRT sweep to effect rotation thereof into azimuthal alignment. Automatic bearing readout is digitally accomplished when alignment is achieved.