Abstract: A light distribution plate can be edge-illuminated by fiber optic light sources. The input-coupled travels in the plate by total internal reflection and is scattered out of the top surface of the plate by micro-optical structures on the bottom surface. The light distribution plate can provide uniform irradiation of, for example, compact photovoltaic arrays on the top surface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining characteristics of tissue is disclosed. The method comprises supplying optical energy to a tissue and detecting at a plurality of locations consequent energy scattered by the tissue. Analysis of the scattered energy as taught herein provides information concerning the properties of the tissue, specifically information related to the fat and lean content and thickness of the tissue. The apparatus comprises a light source adapted to deliver optical energy to a tissue. A plurality of detectors can be mounted at different positions relative to the source to detect energy scattered by the tissue. A signal processor as taught herein can determine characteristics of the tissue from the signals from the detectors and locations of the detectors, specifically information related to the fat and lean content and thickness of the tissue.