Abstract: Method and apparatus provide a series of optical analog intensities that are approximately proportional respectively to the components of a third array that is the product of a first array of components multiplied by a second array of components in a predetermined order. A laser (127) and collimating lens (128) (FIG. 5) direct input light (111) to a first set of electrooptic modulator (118) each of whose output light intensity varies with an electrical signal applied to it serially by electronic circuitry (129) (FIG. 12) for each respective component of the first array. A waveguide (130) directs output light from each first modulator (118) to a respective second electrooptic modulator (123), similar to the first, and similarly controlled by electronic circuitry (131) for the second array. The intensity of the output light from each second modulator (123) is responsive to the product of its two respective components.

Abstract: Apparatus receives light (11) in an input direction (12) and controls the directions in which portions of it travel through adjacent regions (13,14,15,16) in a waveguide (19) to emerge (at 17) in an output direction (18) with intensity responsive to a plurality of electrical potential differences (A1-A2, etc.). A plurality of electrooptic reflective means (20), each comprising a pair of electrodes (21,22, etc.), with each reflective means (20A,20B,20C,20D) on a different region (13,14,15,16), form a separate Bragg grating in each region with a direction of Bragg incidence in the input direction (12). A prism (29) directs light (11) from a laser (30) to enter in the input direction (12) into each electrooptic means (20).

Abstract: A method of forming and reading a hologram, useful for instance as a lens, is disclosed which eliminates chromatic aberrations usually present when a hologram is recorded using light of a higher frequency than that for which the hologram is to be used on reconstruction. The fringes created by the interference of two beams of radiation at the recording frequency in a first medium are transferred to a recording second medium by virtue of the second medium having a surface contiguous to the fringes in the first medium. The second medium is then developed to produce a hologram. A reconstruction beam from a laser having a lower frequency than that of the recording beams is directed at a third medium which is contiguous to a surface of the hologram so as to cause the wavelength of the read-out beam to equal that of the recording beams.

Abstract: A Luneburg lens is provided on a diffused waveguide having a graded index profile and has a contour computed in accordance with the graded index in the waveguide.

Abstract: An optical waveguide has a multiple tilted surface acoustic wave transducer array for diffracting a wide light beam propagating through the waveguide. Adjacent transducers are relatively positioned so that at the crossover frequency, the light beams diffracted from the transducers are added in phase.

Abstract: Apparatus for receiving light entering therein and controlling the directions in which portions of the light travel therethrough. Input means (21) directs portions (22) of the entering light (20) in a predetermined input direction (23) into a processing region (24) in a waveguide (25). Control means (26) temporarily and separately changes the index of refraction in each of a plurality of subregions (27) in the processing region (24), to modulate the light (22) travelling thereto in approximately the predetermined input direction (23) differently from any light travelling thereto in other input directions. Output means (28) receives portions (29) of the light travelling beyond the subregions (27) in at least one selected output direction (30) and responds thereto.

Abstract: Apparatus (FIG. 2) receives light (11) in an input direction (12) and controls the directions in which portions of it travel through regions (13,14) to emerge (at 15) in an output direction (16) with intensity responsive to the product of two electrical potential differences multiplied together.Electrooptic reflective means (18) comprising two electrodes (19,20), on a region (13) in a waveguide (17), form a first Bragg grating (18) with a direction of Bragg incidence in the input direction (12). Similar means (23) comprising two electrodes (24,25), on a region (14), form a second Bragg grating (23) with a direction of Bragg incidence the same as a direction of Bragg reflection (22) from the first grating.A prism (26) directs light (11) from a laser (27) to enter in the input direction (12) into the electrooptic means (18).

Abstract: A very compact light beam scanning system is provided by utilizing the optical integrated circuit technique. A Luneburg lens of As.sub.2 S.sub.3 and a SAW transducer device are provided on a waveguide and a wideband heterodyning RF oscillator including two varactor tuned oscillators and a digital linearization circuit are provided as the drive circuit for the transducer device.

Abstract: Apparatus for comparing first and second sets of voltages having one-to-one correspondence, and providing an indication responsive to the magnitudes of the pairwise differences of the voltages; typically comprising a plurality of channel waveguides (11), each having a first electrode (12) on one side of the channel (11) and a second electrode (13) on the opposite side of the channel (11); contacts (14) and conductors (16) for connecting each voltage of the first set to the first electrode (12) of one waveguide (11); contacts (b 15) and conductors (17) for connecting each voltage of the second set to the second electrode (13) of the waveguide (11) to the first electrode (12) of which the corresponding voltage of the first set is connected; a coupling prism (18), a beam splitter (19), and a waveguide portion (20) for directing to the input end (21,22) of each waveguide (11) a substantially plane wave of coherent light (as indicated at 23,24,25) having predetermined relative intensity and phase; and a detector (

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for directing a beam of optical radiation toward a selected location and modulating the intensity thereof at the location by directing the beam over a path that includes a Bragg grating, and selectively modifying the angle between the direction at which the beam enters the Bragg grating and a direction of Bragg incidence of the grating by applying an electric or acoustic field to change the index of refraction in a portion of the path. An electric field may be applied either by interdigital electrodes at the grating, to change the Bragg angle thereof, or by electrodes at different angles across an earlier portion of the path, to change the direction at which the beam enters the grating. An acoustic field may be applied in an analogous manner. Useful for modulating and switching in planar wave guides and bulk material.