Abstract: A method of forming a 3D glass article from a glass sheet includes locating the glass sheet on a mold assembly including a mold surface with a 3D surface profile corresponding to that of the 3D glass article. The glass sheet is heated to a forming temperature. The forming temperature is greater than a temperature of the mold surface. The heated glass sheet is forced onto the mold surface by applying a pressurized gas to a first surface of the glass sheet opposite the mold surface to conform the glass sheet to the mold surface with the glass sheet at the forming temperature that is greater than the temperature of the mold surface.

Abstract: A method for compensating for warp in a glass article including placing the glass article on a fixture, heating the glass article to a first temperature in a viscoelastic range, cooling the glass article on the fixture to a second temperature, and then removing the glass article from the fixture and cooling the glass article to room temperature. The fixture may include a recess such that when the glass article is heated to the first temperature, the glass article sags into the recess. The fixture may be a flat plate when the glass article is heated to the first temperature, a temperature gradient is formed within the glass article. A method for compensating for warp includes physically removing portions of the glass article that are determined to warp when chemically strengthened.

Abstract: A method of forming a 3D glass article from a glass sheet includes locating the glass sheet on a mold assembly including a mold surface with a 3D surface profile corresponding to that of the 3D glass article. The glass sheet is heated to a forming temperature. The forming temperature is greater than a temperature of the mold surface. The heated glass sheet is forced onto the mold surface by applying a pressurized gas to a first surface of the glass sheet opposite the mold surface to conform the glass sheet to the mold surface with the glass sheet at the forming temperature that is greater than the temperature of the mold surface.

Abstract: A method of forming a 3D glass article from a glass sheet includes locating the glass sheet on a mold assembly including a mold surface with a 3D surface profile corresponding to that of the 3D glass article. The glass sheet is heated to a forming temperature. The forming temperature is greater than a temperature of the mold surface. The heated glass sheet is forced onto the mold surface by applying a pressurized gas to a first surface of the glass sheet opposite the mold surface to conform the glass sheet to the mold surface with the glass sheet at the forming temperature that is greater than the temperature of the mold surface.

Abstract: A method includes contacting a second layer of a glass sheet with a forming surface to form a shaped glass article. The glass sheet includes a first layer adjacent to the second layer. The first layer includes a first glass composition. The second layer includes a second glass composition. An effective viscosity of the glass sheet during the contacting step is less than a viscosity of the second layer of the glass sheet during the contacting step. A shaped glass article includes a first layer including a first glass composition and a second layer including a second glass composition. A softening point of the first glass composition is less than a softening point of the second glass composition. An effective 108.2 P temperature of the glass article is at most about 900° C.

Abstract: A glass sheet is formed on a mold into a glass article having a three-dimensional shape. The mold, with the glass article thereon, is arranged within an interior space of a radiation shield such that the mold is between a leading end barrier and a trailing end barrier of the radiation shield. The mold, glass article, and radiation shield are translated through a sequence of cooling stations while maintaining the mold between the leading and trailing end barriers, wherein the leading and trailing end barriers inhibit radiation heat transfer at leading and trailing ends of the mold.

Abstract: A process for forming a textured 3-D glass-based substrate includes texturing a first surface of a glass-based substrate and shaping the glass-based substrate into a three-dimensional shape. The surface profile of the substrate is non-planar. In some embodiments, texturing the first surface of the glass-based substrate provides the first surface with an average roughness of 10 nm to 2000 nm.

Abstract: Methods for compensating for the warp exhibited by three-dimensional glass covers as a result of ion exchange strengthening are provided. The methods use a computer-implemented model to predict/estimate changes to a target three-dimensional shape for the 3D glass cover as a result of ion exchange strengthening. The model includes the effects of ion exchange through the edge of the 3D glass cover. In an embodiment, the inverse of the predicted/estimated changes is used to produce a compensated (corrected) mold which produces as-molded parts which when subjected to ion exchange strengthening have shapes closer to the target shape than they would have had if the mold had not been compensated (corrected).

Abstract: A method of forming a 3D glass article from a glass sheet includes locating the glass sheet on a mold assembly including a mold surface with a 3D surface profile corresponding to that of the 3D glass article. The glass sheet is heated to a forming temperature. The forming temperature is greater than a temperature of the mold surface. The heated glass sheet is forced onto the mold surface by applying a pressurized gas to a first surface of the glass sheet opposite the mold surface to conform the glass sheet to the mold surface with the glass sheet at the forming temperature that is greater than the temperature of the mold surface.

Abstract: A method includes contacting a second layer of a glass sheet with a forming surface to form a shaped glass article. The glass sheet includes a first layer adjacent to the second layer. The first layer includes a first glass composition. The second layer includes a second glass composition. An effective viscosity of the glass sheet during the contacting step is less than a viscosity of the second layer of the glass sheet during the contacting step. A shaped glass article includes a first layer including a first glass composition and a second layer including a second glass composition. A softening point of the first glass composition is less than a softening point of the second glass composition. An effective 108.2 P temperature of the glass article is at most about 90° C.

Abstract: A method of shaping a glass-based substrate including placing a glass-based substrate on a mold having a mold surface with a 3D surface profile, heating the glass-based substrate to a shaping temperature, creating a sealed environment above the glass-based substrate, and adjusting the pressure in the sealed environment with a pressurized gas to conform the glass-based substrate to the profile of the mold surface to create a shaped glass-based article. The shaped glass-based article may be free of distortions having a height to width ratio greater than 2×10?4.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein include systems and methods for controlling material warp that include placing the shaped mold in a heating device, forming a glass material into a shaped mold, and cooling the glass material and the shaped mold to a predetermined viscosity of the glass material. Some embodiments include, a predetermined time prior to removing the glass material and the shaped mold from the heating device, holding the glass at the mold in the heating device where the heating device temperature is substantially equal to mold and glass temperature just prior to exiting to ambient temperature. Some embodiments include removing the glass material and the shaped mold from the heating device to further cool the glass material and the shaped mold at ambient temperature, where after removing the glass material and the shaped mold from the heating device, the glass material will exhibit controlled or desired material warp.

Abstract: A glass sheet is formed on a mold into a glass article having a three-dimensional shape. The mold, with the glass article thereon, is arranged within an interior space of a radiation shield such that the mold is between a leading end barrier and a trailing end barrier of the radiation shield. The mold, glass article, and radiation shield are translated through a sequence of cooling stations while maintaining the mold between the leading and trailing end barriers, wherein the leading and trailing end barriers inhibit radiation heat transfer at leading and trailing ends of the mold.

Abstract: A glass sheet is formed on a mold into a glass article having a three-dimensional shape. The mold, with the glass article thereon, is arranged within an interior space of a radiation shield such that the mold is between a leading end barrier and a trailing end barrier of the radiation shield. The mold, glass article, and radiation shield are translated through a sequence of cooling stations while maintaining the mold between the leading and trailing end barriers, wherein the leading and trailing end barriers inhibit radiation heat transfer at leading and trailing ends of the mold.

Abstract: Methods for compensating for the warp exhibited by three-dimensional glass covers as a result of ion exchange strengthening are provided. The methods use a computer-implemented model to predict/estimate changes to a target three-dimensional shape for the 3D glass cover as a result of ion exchange strengthening. The model includes the effects of ion exchange through the edge of the 3D glass cover. In an embodiment, the inverse of the predicted/estimated changes is used to produce a compensated (corrected) mold which produces as-molded parts which when subjected to ion exchange strengthening have shapes closer to the target shape than they would have had if the mold had not been compensated (corrected).

Abstract: Methods for compensating for the warp exhibited by three-dimensional glass covers as a result of ion exchange strengthening are provided. The methods use a computer-implemented model to predict/estimate changes to a target three-dimensional shape for the 3D glass cover as a result of ion exchange strengthening. The model includes the effects of ion exchange through the edge of the 3D glass cover. In an embodiment, the inverse of the predicted/estimated changes is used to produce a compensated (corrected) mold which produces as-molded parts which when subjected to ion exchange strengthening have shapes closer to the target shape than they would have had if the mold had not been compensated (corrected).

Abstract: Methods for compensating for the warp exhibited by three-dimensional glass covers as a result of ion exchange strengthening are provided. The methods use a computer-implemented model to predict/estimate changes to a target three-dimensional shape for the 3D glass cover as a result of ion exchange strengthening. The model includes the effects of ion exchange through the edge of the 3D glass cover. In an embodiment, the inverse of the predicted/estimated changes is used to produce a compensated (corrected) mold which produces as-molded parts which when subjected to ion exchange strengthening have shapes closer to the target shape than they would have had if the mold had not been compensated (corrected).

Abstract: A a robust weight plate of a size similar to industry-standard components integrated with a retaining mechanism capable of engaging an industry-standard weight bar to form a barbell or a dumbbell assembly.

Abstract: A glass sheet is formed on a mold into a glass article having a three-dimensional shape. The mold, with the glass article thereon, is arranged within an interior space of a radiation shield such that the mold is between a leading end barrier and a trailing end barrier of the radiation shield. The mold, glass article, and radiation shield are translated through a sequence of cooling stations while maintaining the mold between the leading and trailing end barriers, wherein the leading and trailing end barriers inhibit radiation heat transfer at leading and trailing ends of the mold.

Abstract: Kits and method for detecting bacterial endotoxin in an aqueous solution are provided. In certain examples, the kit includes at least a first container comprising solid, endotoxin-specific, horseshoe crab amebocyte lysate and at least one buffer, whereby the sensitivity of the amebocyte lysate is pre-certified. In certain examples, the kit also contains at least a second container comprising a defined quantity of endotoxin configured as a positive product control, wherein the defined quantity of the endotoxin is pre-certified to react positively with the amebocyte lysate in the first container.