Abstract: The invention provides a wellbore fluid which comprises an aqueous continuous phase and, dissolved in said aqueous continuous phase, at least one salt which exists in a liquid state at a temperature below 150° C. and which has an ammonium, phosphonium or sulfonium cation containing at least 5 carbon atoms, or a quaternised nitrogen-containing heterocyclic cation containing at least 6 carbon atoms; provided that said salt is not 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl ethanaminium acetate; and a method of carrying out a wellbore operation, which comprises introducing into a wellbore in a clay-containing formation, a wellbore fluid according to the invention. The described salts are effective shale inhibitors.

Abstract: A novel class of ionic liquids and methods for their preparation are disclosed. Specifically, these novel ionic liquids can be derived from anionic surfactants, such as alkyl aryl sulfonates, and mid-chain branched derivatives of alkyl sulfates, alkyl alkoxy sulfates, and alkyl aryl sulfonates. In addition, novel ionic liquids can be derived from other anionic surfactants, such as methyl ester sulfonates (MES), alkyl glycerol ether sulfonates, and alpha olefin sulfonates. Anions may be paired with a variety of cations to achieve various advantageous properties. The present invention also relates to compositions containing these novel ionic liquids and method of using the same.

Abstract: A process for carrying out a chemical reaction which is catalysed by one or more metal or hydrogen fluoroalkyl-sulfonylated compound which process comprises carrying out said reaction in the presence of an ionic liquid or in solvent-free conditions.

Abstract: A novel class of ionic liquids and methods for their preparation are disclosed. Specifically, these novel ionic liquids can be derived from anionic surfactants, such as alkyl aryl sulfonates, and mid-chain branched derivatives of alkyl sulfates, alkyl alkoxy sulfates, and alkyl aryl sulfonates. In addition, novel ionic liquids can be derived from other anionic surfactants, such as methyl ester sulfonates (MES), alkyl glycerol ether sulfonates, and alpha olefin sulfonates. Anions may be paired with a variety of cations to achieve various advantageous properties. The present invention also relates to compositions containing these novel ionic liquids and method of using the same.

Abstract: Compositions comprising an ionic liquid active composed of an ion active and an ionic liquid-forming counter ion, wherein the ion active is capable of delivering a fabric treating benefit, a surface treating benefit, and/or an air treating benefit. The compositions are substantially free of added water and have a viscosity less than about 5000 mPa·s at room temperature. The compositions are easily diluted with water and/or organic solvent, without formation a gel phase during the dilution process. Various products, especially a unit dose product, made with such compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Use of ionic liquids as solvents for elements such as phosphorus, selenium, tellurium and sulphur, and compounds thereof.

Abstract: Reactions of Group 16 elements involving the addition of atoms such as sulfur, selenium or tellurium to organic or inorganic molecules comprising use of an ionic liquid as a reaction medium.

Abstract: A novel class of ionic liquids and methods for their preparation are disclosed. Specifically, these novel ionic liquids can be derived from anionic surfactants, such as alkyl aryl sulfonates, and mid-chain branched derivatives of alkyl sulfates, alkyl alkoxy sulfates, and alkyl aryl sulfonates. In addition, novel ionic liquids can be derived from other anionic surfactants, such as methyl ester sulfonates (MES), alkyl glycerol ether sulfonates, and alpha olefin sulfonates. Anions may be paired with a variety of cations to achieve various advantageous properties. The present invention also relates to compositions containing these novel ionic liquids and method of using the same.

Abstract: Sulfation or sulfonation of cellulose and cellulose ethers is conducted in an ionic liquid such as a quaternary ammonium salt. Detergent compositions containing the sulfated or sulfonated reaction product are suitable for fabric cleansing.

Abstract: A novel class of ionic liquids and methods for their preparation are disclosed. Specifically, these novel ionic liquids can be derived from surfactants, such as betaines, amine oxides. The present invention also relates to compositions containing these novel ionic liquids and method of using the same.

Abstract: A non-aqueous lubricating oil composition comprises a major amount of a base oil and a minor amount of an additive which is present in solution in the base oil and is a non-halide, non-aromatic ionic liquid which is a salt of general formula C+A?, with the cation, C+, being a quaternary phosphonium or quaternary ammonium ion having four hydrocarbyl groups, optionally containing heteroatoms, which hydrocarbyl groups do not all have the same number of carbon atoms, there being at least one long chain hydrocarbyl group having greater than 4 carbon atoms and at least one short chain hydrocarbyl group having fewer carbon atoms than each of the long chain hydrocarbyl groups, and the anion, A?, comprising at least one oxygen atom and having an ionic head group attached to at least one alkyl or alicyclic hydrocarbyl group which has at least four carbon atoms and optionally at least one heteroatom. The ionic liquid may be used as an anti-wear component in a lubricating oil composition.

Abstract: Use of ionic liquids as solvents in base-catalysed chemical reactions wherein the ionic liquid is composed of at least one species of cation and at least one species of anion, characterised in that a cation of the ionic liquid comprises a positively charge moiety and a basic moiety, and further wherein such ionic liquids may be used as promoters or catalysts for the chemical reactions.

Abstract: A multiphase cleaning composition comprises a first phase and a second ionic liquid phase, wherein the second phase is substantially immiscible with the first phase. The first phase may comprise, for example, an aqueous phase or a silicone solvent system. Methods of cleaning a soiled surface comprise contacting a soiled surface with a multiphase wash liquor including a first phase and a second ionic liquid phase, wherein the second phase is substantially immiscible with the first phase, and removing soils from the surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel base stable ionic liquids and uses thereof as solvents in chemical reactions, especially base catalysed chemical reactions and reactions comprising the use of strong basis.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of water-soluble cellulose hydrolysis products, which comprises admixing cellulose with an ionic liquid in which the cellulose has at least some sollubility, said ionic liquid state at a temperature at or below 150 -C, and treating the resulting solution with an acid in the presence of water, said acid having a pKa in water of less than 2 at 25 -C.

Abstract: The application discloses novel processes for the oligomerisation of unsaturated hydrocarbons, and more specifically the use of selected ionic liquids in the oligomerisation of unsaturated hydrocarbons, which allows for selection of the oligomers formed.

Abstract: Processes for producing intermediate materials used for perfumery, specifically, epimerized cyclohexenyl ketones, are disclosed. Processes for employing the epimerising reaction in an Aldol condensation reaction are also disclosed.

Abstract: A device for mounting and removing a substrate from a baseplate, in particular a substrate holder assembly device, including automated features for latching and unlatching a substrate, for use in a coating mechanism, from a baseplate, which includes an adjustable snap ring holder.

Abstract: Sulfation or sulfonation of cellulose and cellulose ethers is conducted in an ionic liquid such as a quaternary ammonium salt. Detergent compositions containing the sulfated or sulfonated reaction product are suitable for fabric cleansing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetic latch for securing substrates on a planetary rotating platform suspended above a coating source in a vacuum chamber of a vapor deposition system, e.g. a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system or a physical vapor deposition (PVD) system. The magnetic latch includes a permanent magnetic, which is moveable between a latching position, in which the permanent magnet magnetizes the latch for attracting a substrate holder, and an unlatching position, in which the permanent magnet is connected in a bypass circuit, thereby demagnetizing the latch for releasing the substrate holder.