Abstract: A system comprising a display having a stack of layers configured to display an image, multiple elements included in the stack of layers and a pressure sensor. Each of the multiple elements is configured to sense light. The pressure sensor is distinct from the multiple elements and is configured to sense a pressure applied to the display.

Abstract: A system comprising a stack of layers configured to display an image and including multiple elements configured to sense light. The system is configured to obtain a first reference image based on output from the multiple elements in a dark lighting condition associated with the system, and calibrate object detection based on output from the multiple elements using the obtained reference image. Additionally, a system comprising a display having a stack of layers configured to display an image and including a first and second set of elements. Each of the elements in the first set is configured to sense light, and each of the elements in the second set is configured to sense a dark current. The system is configured to perform object detection based on output from the elements in the first set, and calibrate the object detection based on output from the elements in the second set.

Abstract: A system comprising a stack of layers configured to display an image and including multiple elements configured to sense light. The system is configured to obtain a first reference image based on output from the multiple elements in a dark lighting condition associated with the system, and calibrate object detection based on output from the multiple elements using the obtained reference image. Additionally, a system comprising a display having a stack of layers configured to display an image and including a first and second set of elements. Each of the elements in the first set is configured to sense light, and each of the elements in the second set is configured to sense a dark current. The system is configured to perform object detection based on output from the elements in the first set, and calibrate the object detection based on output from the elements in the second set.

Abstract: A system comprising a display having a stack of layers configured to display an image, multiple elements included in the stack of layers and a pressure sensor. Each of the multiple elements is configured to sense light. The pressure sensor is distinct from the multiple elements and is configured to sense a pressure applied to the display.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device including a front electrode layer, rear electrode layer, a liquid crystal material located between the front electrode layer and the rear electrode layer. A polarizer is located between the liquid crystal material and the front electrode layer and changing an electrical potential between the rear electrode layer and the front electrode layer modifies portions of the liquid crystal material to change the polarization of the light incident thereon. A plurality of light sensitive elements are located together with the rear electrode layer and a processor determines the position of at least one of the plurality of light sensitive elements that has been inhibited from sensing ambient light.

Abstract: An alternating current thin-film lectroluminescent device includes a plurality of pixel electrodes. An electroluminescent phosphor material is located between a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer. A transparent electrode layer, wherein at least a portion 10 of the electroluminescent phosphor material and the first and second dielectric layers are located between the pixel electrodes and the transparent electrode layer. The first dielectric layer is closer to the transparent electrode layer than the second dielectric layer. A non-uniform substantially non-conductive light absorbing material is located between the transparent electrode layer and the first dielectric layer.

Abstract: An alternating current thin-film electroluminescent device includes a plurality of pixel electrodes. An electroluminescent phosphor material is located between a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer. A transparent electrode layer, wherein at least a portion of the electroluminescent phosphor material and the first and second dielectric layers are located between the pixel electrodes and the transparent electrode layer. The first dielectric layer is closer to the transparent electrode layer than the second dielectric layer. The phosphor material is patterned.

Abstract: An alternating current thin-film lectroluminescent device includes a plurality of pixel electrodes. An electroluminescent phosphor material is located between a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer. A transparent electrode layer, wherein at least a portion 10 of the electroluminescent phosphor material and the first and second dielectric layers are located between the pixel electrodes and the transparent electrode layer. The first dielectric layer is closer to the transparent electrode layer than the second dielectric layer. A non-uniform substantially non-conductive light absorbing material is located between the transparent electrode layer and the first dielectric layer.

Abstract: A crystalline blue emitting thiogallate phosphor of the formula RGa.sub.2 S.sub.4 :Ce.sub.x where R is selected from the group consisting of calcium, strontium, barium and zinc, and x is from about 1 to 10 atomic percent, the phosphor characterized as having a crystalline microstructure on the size order of from about 100 .ANG. to about 10,000 .ANG. is provided together with a process of preparing a crystalline blue emitting thiogallate phosphor by depositing on a substrate by CVD and resultant thin film electroluminescent devices including a layer of such deposited phosphor on an ordinary glass substrate.

Abstract: A novel thin-film electroluminescent (TFEL) structure for emitting light in response to the application of an electric field is disclosed. The TFEL structure includes first and second electrode layers sandwiching a TFEL stack, the stack including first and second insulator layers and a phosphor layer that includes an alkaline earth thiogallate doped with oxygen.

Abstract: An AC thin film electroluminescent (TFEL) device includes a multilayer phosphor for emitting white light having improved emission intensity in the blue region of the spectrum. The multilayer stack consists of an inverted structure thin film stack having a red light emitting manganese doped zinc sulfide (ZnS:Mn) layer disposed on a first insulating layer; a blue-green light emitting cerium doped strontium sulfide (SrS:Ce) layer disposed on the red light emitting layer; and a blue light emitting cerium activated thiogallate phosphor (Sr.sub.x Ca.sub.1-x Ga.sub.2 S.sub.4 :Ce) layer disposed on the blue-green light emitting layer. The manganese doped zinc sulfide layer acts as a nucleating layer that lowers the threshold voltage, and the cerium activated thiogallate phosphor layer provides a moisture barrier for the hydroscopic cerium doped strontium sulfide layer. The white light from the multilayer phosphor can be appropriately filtered to produce any desired color.

Abstract: A TFEL structure is disclosed that includes first and second electrode layers sandwiching a TFEL stack including at least one insulator layer and a novel three layer laminate structure. The three-layer laminate structure includes an alkaline earth thiogallate phosphor layer, a nucleating layer and an injection layer. The nucleating layer lies between the phosphor layer and the injection layer. The injection layer provides a charge injection function through the nucleating layer for the thiogallate phosphor layer which is of high crystallinity at its interface with the nucleating layer. A preferred injection layer includes indium, for example as the metal or as indium tin oxide. The best material for the nucleating layer is zinc sulfide.

Abstract: A multi-source reactive deposition process for preparing a phosphor layer for an AC TFEL device having the chemical formula M.sup.II M.sup.III.sub.2 X.sub.4 :RE, where M.sup.II is a group II metal taken from the group magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium, M.sup.III is a group III metal taken from the group aluminum, gallium and indium, X is taken from the group sulfur and selenium, and RE comprises a rare earth activator dopant taken from the group cerium and europium is disclosed. The phosphor film is formed in crystalline form on a substrate heated to a temperature between 400.degree. and 800.degree. C. by depositing more than one deposition source chemical where at least one of the deposition source chemicals of the group II metal or the group III metal is a compound.

Abstract: An AC TFEL device includes a front electrode set deposited on a transparent substrate and a rear electrode set, the electrode sets enclosing a thin film laminate which includes a pair of insulating layers sandwiching an alkaline earth thiogallate thin film phosphor doped with a rare earth activator. The thiogallate phosphor layer is capable of producing blue light of sufficient intensity to create a full color TFEL panel.

Abstract: A TFEL device for producing a high brightness output comprises a substrate supporting a laminar thin film stack including a front electrode layer and a rear electrode layer sandwiching an electroluminescent laminate comprising an electroluminescent layer sandwiched by a pair of insulating layers. A thin film insulating layer is grown by evaporation on the glass substrate and produces a surface having a degree of roughness which is replicated by the remaining thin film layers. The surface contour at the interfaces between each of the thin film layers is convoluted which reduces internal light reflection and provides more light output at the front of the panel.

Abstract: A display having a filter disposed on, or in, a portion of the substrate is described. The filter is generally a red filter such that light passing through the filter will produce a red colored light. The filter is comprised of cadmium sulfoselenide in a 62/38 composition (CdS.sub..62 Se.38). The light is generated by a phosphor element which will emit a compatible color light. Other light emitting phosphors, such as green and blue, are also utilized without a filter to provide a multi-colored display.

Abstract: A process for fabrication and annealing of TFEL panels includes the steps of depositing a laminar stack of thin films on a glass substrate containing a first set of electrodes, the laminar stack comprising at least one insulating layer and an EL phosphor layer and annealing the laminar stack under an array of high intensity flash lamps at a temperature exceeding 450.degree. C. for a period of between 15 and 240 seconds. The flash lamps bring the temperature of the laminar stack to the required high temperature very quickly and the stack is cooled very quickly at the end of the annealing period. This process conditions the EL phosphor layer but does not warp the glass substrate or damage the thin films.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a TFEL panel having a plurality of side-by-side phosphor stripes of different colors includes the steps of placing a thin film phosphor layer of a first color producing phosphor on top of transparent electrodes covered by an insulator and subjecting the phosphor to an etching process to leave thin elongate stripes. A second phosphor layer is deposited over the first phosphor stripes and the etch is repeated to leave adjacent stripes of a second color-producing phosphor. An insulating layer and a second set of electrodes are placed atop the stripes to complete the panel which is supported on a glass substrate.

Abstract: A hybrid full color TFEL display device includes a pair of independently addressable matrix arrays on stacked substrates wherein the front substrate includes patterned phosphors arranged as alternating stripes, and the rear substrate includes a single phosphor layer. The rear phosphor layer may be either a red or blue emitter and the front phosphor stripes are either red-green or blue-green. The space between the stacked substrates may be filled with a dyed filler material to improve the chromaticity of the rear substrate phosphor. To achieve a full color spectrum the fill factors of the various phosphors are adjusted to be inversely proportional to respective luminance of each at the driving frequency of the panels.

Abstract: A novel TFEL structure for providing a reliable, high performance multi-colored matrix-addressable flat screen display. The structure comprises a multi-layered panel consisting of two or more TFEL subpanels stacked one on top of the other, with each subpanel utilizing a light-emitting phosphor of a different color. All the layers in the composite structure (with the possible exceptions of the supporting substrate layer and the electrode and insulating layers located farthest from the viewer) are transparent, and the multi-layered subpanels are supported on respective substrates and connected by spacers to maintain the subpanel components in predetermined close proximity. The intervening space between the component panels is filled with a protective oil to improve the performance and optical characteristics of the device. The oil may also be dyed to serve as a filter modifying the light emission characteristics of the composite display device.