Abstract: A method and apparatus for diffusing or reducing gas into a liquid is described. This invention covers several different methods for infusing or reducing gas into a liquid with a feedback loop that monitors specific parameters of the process and can vary controls to achieve a targeted value or keep within a range of values. The parameter of interest is the ORP (Oxidative Reduction Potential) and one way to determine that value is using an ORP sensor to directly measure it at various points in the process such as on the untreated incoming process fluid, right after infusing the reducing gas, or later in the process such as where the fluid is discharged back into the original tank in the case of a recirculating system or when it is discharged to the next phase of the treatment train.

Abstract: Within electrical test equipment systems comparator bridges are employed to provide the required dynamic range, accuracy, and flexibility. However, whilst bridge based measurement configurations remove many of the issues associated with making measurements at accuracies of sub-parts, a part, or few parts per million they still require, in many instances, that a null point be determined where the bridge is balanced. However, this becomes increasingly difficult within electrically noisy environments, with modern digital multimeters, and where the desired measurement point within the electrical system is physically difficult to access particularly when improved accuracy in calibration, standards, and measurements on circuits and components means measurement systems must operate at 50 parts per billion (ppb) and below.

Abstract: Resistor voltage dividers are commonly used to create reference voltages, or to reduce the magnitude of a voltage so it can be measured. Many measurements in test and measurement or calibration applications regularly require accuracies within the sub-part per million (ppm) range, e.g. 0.1 ppm to 1.0 ppm. However, the continued drive for improved accuracy in calibration, standards, and measurements on circuits and components means many measurements and measurement systems are operating at 50 parts per billion (ppb) and below to approximately 10 ppb. At these levels even relatively simple passive elements such as voltage dividers cannot be used without calibration and that these calibrations may be required at frequencies substantially higher than the other elements within the test and measurement equipment. Accordingly, the inventors have established a self-contained voltage divider with internal calibration allowing the voltage divider to be calibrated for every measurement if necessary.

Abstract: Resistor voltage dividers are commonly used to create reference voltages, or to reduce the magnitude of a voltage so it can be measured. Many measurements in test and measurement or calibration applications regularly require accuracies within the sub-part per million (ppm) range, e.g. 0.1 ppm to 1.0 ppm. However, the continued drive for improved accuracy in calibration, standards, and measurements on circuits and components means many measurements and measurement systems are operating at 50 parts per billion (ppb) and below to approximately 10 ppb. At these levels even relatively simple passive elements such as voltage dividers cannot be used without calibration and that these calibrations may be required at frequencies substantially higher than the other elements within the test and measurement equipment. Accordingly, the inventors have established a self-contained voltage divider with internal calibration allowing the voltage divider to be calibrated for every measurement if necessary.

Abstract: Resistor voltage dividers are commonly used to create reference voltages, or to reduce the magnitude of a voltage so it can be measured. Many measurements in test and measurement or calibration applications regularly require accuracies within the sub-part per million (ppm) range, e.g. 0.1 ppm to 1.0 ppm. However, the continued drive for improved accuracy in calibration, standards, and measurements on circuits and components means many measurements and measurement systems are operating at 50 parts per billion (ppb) and below to approximately 10 ppb. At these levels even relatively simple passive elements such as voltage dividers cannot be used without calibration and that these calibrations may be required at frequencies substantially higher than the other elements within the test and measurement equipment. Accordingly, the inventors have established a self-contained voltage divider with internal calibration allowing the voltage divider to be calibrated for every measurement if necessary.

Abstract: Within electrical test equipment systems comparator bridges are employed to provide the required dynamic range, accuracy, and flexibility. However, whilst bridge based measurement configurations remove many of the issues associated with making measurements at accuracies of sub-parts, a part, or few parts per million they still require, in many instances, that a null point be determined where the bridge is balanced. However, this becomes increasingly difficult within electrically noisy environments, with modern digital multimeters, and where the desired measurement point within the electrical system is physically difficult to access particularly when improved accuracy in calibration, standards, and measurements on circuits and components means measurement systems must operate at 50 parts per billion (ppb) and below.

Abstract: Resistor voltage dividers are commonly used to create reference voltages, or to reduce the magnitude of a voltage so it can be measured. Many measurements in test and measurement or calibration applications regularly require accuracies within the sub-part per million (ppm) range, e.g. 0.1 ppm to 1.0 ppm. However, the continued drive for improved accuracy in calibration, standards, and measurements on circuits and components means many measurements and measurement systems are operating at 50 parts per billion (ppb) and below to approximately 10 ppb. At these levels even relatively simple passive elements such as voltage dividers cannot be used without calibration and that these calibrations may be required at frequencies substantially higher than the other elements within the test and measurement equipment. Accordingly, the inventors have established a self-contained voltage divider with internal calibration allowing the voltage divider to be calibrated for every measurement if necessary.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a transmitter, a receiver, an antenna and a signal cancellation circuit. The transmitter is configured to send a transmitter signal associated with a frequency. The receiver is associated with the frequency. The antenna is coupled to the transmitter and the receiver. The signal cancellation circuit is coupled to the transmitter, the receiver and the antenna. The signal cancellation circuit is configured to phase shift a first portion of the transmitter signal to produce a phase-shifted signal. The signal cancellation circuit is configured to combine the phase-shifted signal with a second portion of the transmitter signal to produce a combined signal. The second portion of the transmitter signal is associated with a reflection of a third portion of the transmitter signal from the antenna. The first portion, the second portion and the third portion of the transmitter signal are different from each other.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a transmitter, a receiver, an antenna and a signal cancellation circuit. The transmitter is configured to send a transmitter signal associated with a frequency. The receiver is associated with the frequency. The antenna is coupled to the transmitter and the receiver. The signal cancellation circuit is coupled to the transmitter, the receiver and the antenna. The signal cancellation circuit is configured to phase shift a first portion of the transmitter signal to produce a phase-shifted signal. The signal cancellation circuit is configured to combine the phase-shifted signal with a second portion of the transmitter signal to produce a combined signal. The second portion of the transmitter signal is associated with a reflection of a third portion of the transmitter signal from the antenna. The first portion, the second portion and the third portion of the transmitter signal are different from each other.

Abstract: The present invention includes systems, methods and compositions for the encapsulation of particles. In one form, the system comprises one or more particles, a rotatable reaction chamber in a plasma enhanced chemical reactor to accept one or more particles, and at least one carbonaceous compound to be used in the rotatable reaction chamber, wherein the carbonaceous compound is polymerized onto a surface of one or more particles forming a polymer film encapsulating one or more particles. Using systems, methods, and compositions of the present invention, any particle encapsulated with a degradable or nondegradable polymer film may be introduced and/or released into an environment. The polymer film as well as introduction of encapsulated particles and release therefrom into an environment are controlled by the present invention.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a transmitter, a receiver, an antenna and a signal cancellation circuit. The transmitter is configured to send a transmitter signal associated with a frequency. The receiver is associated with the frequency. The antenna is coupled to the transmitter and the receiver. The signal cancellation circuit is coupled to the transmitter, the receiver and the antenna. The signal cancellation circuit is configured to phase shift a first portion of the transmitter signal to produce a phase-shifted signal. The signal cancellation circuit is configured to combine the phase-shifted signal with a second portion of the transmitter signal to produce a combined signal. The second portion of the transmitter signal is associated with a reflection of a third portion of the transmitter signal from the antenna. The first portion, the second portion and the third portion of the transmitter signal are different from each other.

Abstract: A stabilization reagent composition, particularly desirable for stabilizing blood samples containing platelets, contains reactants that generate multiple species of formaldehyde-ammonium complexes; at least one inhibitor of phosphatase enzymatic activity; and at least one inhibitor of protease enzymatic activity. Blood samples and other tissues are stabilized by this composition. Such stabilized samples are produced by methods for stabilizing the tissue by contacting the sample with the composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to binding protein assays. In particular, this invention relates to binding protein assays for B12 and folate in serum or plasma. More specifically, this invention provides a sequential assay that uses a combination of specific binding proteins, and anti-binding protein antibodies to measure B12 and folate in serum or plasma.