Abstract: The invention relates to phosphohistidine analogs. The invention also relates to antibodies that specifically bind to the analogs and methods of generating said antibodies. In one embodiment of the invention there is provided a phosphohistidine analog of Formula V: (V) wherein W is selected from H, CO2H or CONH2; and X is selected from CH or N.

Abstract: A peptide of relative molecular mass less than 6500 comprising at least ten consecutive amino acid residues surrounding the phenylalanine (508), or at least ten consecutive residues including a portion of the region between residues (508 and 551), in the polypeptide sequence of human cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR), or a variant or precursor thereof. A peptide as defined above having between 12 and 50 amino acid residues. Methods of treating cystic fibrosis are also disclosed. A method of classifying a disease state associated with epithelial cell dysfunction in a patient is disclosed. The method includes obtaining a suitable epithelial cell sample from the patient and determining for one or more of the following whether the measured parameter is altered compared to a control epithelial cell, the measured parameters being: (i) nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) function, (ii) phosphorylation of annexin, (iii) phosphorylation of other membrane proteins, and (iv) ATPase activity.