Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for designing beam array generators, or phase masks, utilizing an optimization process which generates an output data set representative of a desired phase grating. Initially an input data set representative of a desired image intensity is received. The output data set comprising a plurality of subsets is defined and initialized. The output data set is traversed by selectively examining ones of the plurality of subsets to determine if a current examined subset represents a phase boundary. Upon such a determination, the output data set is processed as a function of the input data set to improve the quality of the phase grating.

Abstract: An arrangement for generating an array (one- or two-dimensional) of optical beams, or spots, is disclosed. The array is particularly useful in conjunction with an array of optically sensitive devices utilized in applications such as optical computing or photonic switching. The array generator includes an optical gain medium and a partially reflecting mirror disposed to form an externally modulated laser arrangement. A diffraction grating, such as a Dammann grating, is disposed in the signal path to form the required array of optical beams. A wavelength control element, including transparent and non-reflecting regions, may be disposed beyond the output of the diffraction grating to provide optical feedback for wavelength stabilization of the gain medium.

Abstract: A phase diffraction grating apparatus which is usable to generate an array of N spots, where n is an even integer, and the N spots are substantially equally spaced. The generation of an even number of spots is achieved using a translation symmetry in the grating design. Illustratively, the intensities of the N spots are substantially equal. Binary, multi-level, and continuous phase grating embodiments are disclosed. In the case of the multi-level and continuous embodiments, the uniform intensity is obtained using a reflection symmetry in the grating design.