Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds which include compounds of the formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein one of R1 and R4 is selected from the group consisting of H, and optionally substituted C1-6 alkyl, C3-7 cycloalkyl, C3-7 cycloalkyl-C1-4 alkyl, and phenyl-C1-4 alkyl; and the other of R1 and R4 is an optionally substituted C9-14 aryl group; R2 and R3 are either: (i) independently selected from H, R, R?, SO2R, C(?O)R, (CH2)nNR5R6, where n is from 1 to 4 and R5 and R6 are independently selected from H and R, where R is optionally substituted C1-4 alkyl, and R? is optionally substituted phenyl-C1-4 alkyl, or (ii) together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form an optionally substituted C5-7 heterocyclic group. The compounds are useful in the treatment of conditions including conditions which can be alleviated by antagonism of a 5-HT2B receptor such as GI disorders and congestive heart failure.

Abstract: The present invention concerns compounds of formula (I): wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of H, and optionally substituted C1-6 alkyl, C3-7 cycloalkyl, C3-7 cycloalkyl-C1-4 alkyl, and phenyl-C1-4 alkyl; R2 and R3 are either: (i) independently selected from H, R, R?, SO2R, C(?O)R, (CH2)nNR5R6, where n is from 1 to 4 and R5 and R6 are independently selected from H and R, where R is optionally substituted C1-4 alkyl group, and R? is an optionally substituted phenyl-C1-4 alkyl group, or (ii) together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form an optionally substituted C5-7 heterocyclic group; R4 is an optionally substituted C9-14 aryl group; their use as pharmaceuticals, in particular for treating conditions alleviated by antagonism of a 5-HT2B receptor.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I): or a salt, solvate and chemically protected form thereof, wherein one of R2 and R5 is: (i) H or an optionally substituted C1-4 alkyl group; or (ii)an optionally substituted C5-7 aryl; and the other of R2 and R5 is the other group; m and n can be 0 or 1, and m+n=1 or 2 RN is H or optionally substituted C1-4 alkyl R3 is either: (i) carboxy; (ii) a group of formula (II): (iii) a group of formula (III): wherein R is optionally substituted C1-7 alkyl, C5-20 aryl, or NRN3RN4, where RN3 and RN4 are independently selected from optionally substituted C1-4 alkyl; or (iv) tetrazol-5-yl.

Abstract: The invention provides, improved herbicide compositions, methods of making the compositions and methods of controlling plant growth. The subject invention relates to combining fatty acid based and other herbicides with succinic acid, succinic acid derivatives and other additives such as those having essentially no herbicidal activity to increase the activity of the herbicide and provide methods of controlling plant growth by applying a combination of a herbicidal fatty acid with succinic acid and/or succinic acid derivative chemicals and/or other additives. In addition to the use of succinic acid, combining other Krebs cycle acids with herbicides can also provide beneficial effects. Concentrations of herbicides and additives applied to plants in accordance with the invention can include compositions involving 0.1 to 30% herbicide, preferably 0.5 to 15% herbicide and additive and more preferably 1-8% herbicide.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): 1

Abstract: The invention provides, improved herbicide compositions, methods of making the compositions and methods of controlling plant growth. The subject invention relates to combining fatty acid based and other herbicides with succinic acid, succinic acid derivatives and other additives such as those having essentially no herbicidal activity to increase the activity of the herbicide and provide methods of controlling plant growth by applying a combination of a herbicidal fatty acid with succinic acid and/or succinic acid derivative chemicals and/or other additives. In addition to the use of succinic acid, combining other Krebs cycle acids with herbicides can also provide beneficial effects. Concentrations of herbicides and additives applied to plants in accordance with the invention can include compositions involving 0.1 to 30% herbicide, preferably 0.5 to 15% herbicide and additive and more preferably 1-8% herbicide.

Abstract: The invention provides a genetically modified Cyanobacteria having a construct comprising DNA fragments encoding pyruvate decarboxylase (pdc) and alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) enzymes obtained from the Zymomonas mobilis plasmid pLOI295. The Cyanobacteria are capable of producing ethanol in recoverable quantities of at least 1.7 &mgr;mol ethanol per mg of chlorophyll per hour.

Abstract: The invention provides, improved herbicide compositions, methods of making the compositions and methods of controlling plant growth. The subject invention relates to combining fatty acid based and other herbicides with succinic acid, succinic acid derivatives and other additives such as those having essentially no herbicidal activity to increase the activity of the herbicide and provide methods of controlling plant growth by applying a combination of a herbicidal fatty acid with succinic acid and/or succinic acid derivative chemicals and/or other additives. In addition to the use of succinic acid, combining other Krebs cycle acids with herbicides can also provide beneficial effects. Concentrations of herbicides and additives applied to plants in accordance with the invention can include compositions involving 0.1 to 30% herbicide, preferably 0.5 to 15% herbicide and additive and more preferably 1-8% herbicide.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the treatment of primary headache disorders, particularly migraine, using antagonists of the EP4 receptor for prostaglandin E2.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the data-driven synchronous parallel processing of digital data, which temporally separates the processes of instructions distributions and data requests from the process of actual data processing. The method includes the steps of: dividing the stream of digital data into data packets, consecutively distributing instructions to data processing units before their execution, consecutively synchronously processing data packets by multiple data processing units processing in parallel, and synchronization of parallel multiple data processing units by data tokens attached to the data packets.

Abstract: The invention provides, improved herbicide compositions, methods of making the compositions and methods of controlling plant growth. The subject invention relates to combining fatty acid based and other herbicides with succinic acid, succinic acid derivatives and other additives such as those having essentially no herbicidal activity to increase the activity of the herbicide and provide methods of controlling plant growth by applying a combination of a herbicidal fatty acid with succinic acid and/or succinic acid derivative chemicals and/or other additives. In addition to the use of succinic acid, combining other Krebs cycle acids with herbicides can also provide beneficial effects. Concentrations of herbicides and additives applied to plants in accordance with the invention can include compositions involving 0.1 to 30% herbicide, preferably 0.5 to 15% herbicide and additive and more preferably 1-8% herbicide.

Abstract: The invention provides a genetically modified Cyanobacteria having a construct comprising DNA fragments encoding pyruvate decarboxylase (pdc) and alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) enzymes obtained from the Zymomonas mobilis plasmid pLOI295. The Cyanobacteria are capable of producing ethanol in recoverable quantities of at least 1.7 &mgr;mol ethanol per mg of chlorophyll per hour.

Abstract: The invention relates to the genetic modification of Cyanobacteria for the production of ethanol, and more particularly, to the genetic modification of Cyanobacteria by incorporating the genetic information encoding for pyruvate decarboxylase (pdc) and alcohol dehydrogenase (adh).

Abstract: The invention provides, improved herbicide compositions, methods of making the compositions and methods of controlling plant growth. The subject invention relates to combining fatty acid based and other herbicides with succinic acid, succinic acid derivatives and other additives such as those having essentially no herbicidal activity to increase the activity of the herbicide and provide methods of controlling plant growth by applying a combination of a herbicidal fatty acid with succinic acid and/or succinic acid derivative chemicals and/or other additives. In addition to the use of succinic acid, combining other Krebs cycle acids with herbicides can also provide beneficial effects. Concentrations of herbicides and additives applied to plants in accordance with the invention can include compositions involving 0.1 to 30% herbicide, preferably 0.5 to 15% herbicide and additive and more preferably 1-8% herbicide.

Abstract: A process for increasing plant growth and productivity comprising treating the roots, stems and/or foliage of the plant with .gamma.-aminobutyric acid and succinic acid as a readily metabolized source of carbon. The present invention also provides for a process for increasing plant growth and productivity comprising treating the roots of the plant with .gamma.-aminobutyric acid and succinic acid, and a process for increasing the rate of root formation in a plant comprising treating the roots, stems and foliage of the plant with .gamma.-aminobutyric acid and succinic acid. Further, plant growth is increased by application of mixtures of .gamma.-aminobutyric acid and synthetic succinic acid, in a suitable carrier to a plant.

Abstract: A method of converting starch to glucose and fermenting glucose to lactic acid, including simultaneous saccharification and fermentation through use of a novel consortium of bacterial strains.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a guard for racks that are used on cars and the like which comprise one or more elongated members comprised of a dense protective material such as styrofoam or foam rubber of a suitable thickness to ensure that the object to be placed on the rack will be protected. Each of the substantially elongated members comprises an upper outer surface with a recessed substantially concave inner surface capable of receiving and covering the horizontal bars of the guard. Attached to each end of the elongated member are attachment means for fastening the elongated member to the rack and which are also used to fasten one or more objects to the rack. Alternatively, objects may be attached to the guard through specifically configured straps for items such as skis, surfboards and the like.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a non-metallic honeycomb having a perforated septum embedded therein in a plane extending perpendicularly to cell walls of the honeycomb, the cell walls of the honeycomb each having discontinuous opposite outer edge surfaces, including the steps of protecting the cell walls with a protectant mixture applied to one of the outer edge surfaces; and laser drilling the septum with a plurality of laser beams originating from a point exterior to the cell walls opposite the covered edge surface in a direction parallel to said cell walls and perpendicular to the plane of the septum, the protectant mixture covering an area of the outer edge surface sufficient to prevent damage to the cell walls.

Abstract: A collector for radiant heat energy is disclosed, containing a radiation-absorbing heat-conducting panel in thermal contact with a series of "riser" tubes, through which a working fluid flows, thereby carrying away the radiant heat incident on the panel and absorbed by the fluid. A pair of larger diameter "header" pipes are connected to opposite ends of the riser tubes, providing access for the working fluid to and from the risers, and conducting the fluid to the pump driving the fluid motion and to the thermal "load" or object desired to be heated. Each riser tube intersects and passes through the interior of each header pipe, and the short end of the riser tube emerging from the opposite side of the header pipe is sealed by means of a cap which may be removed to facilitate cleaning of the riser tubes. Fluid passes between the risers and headers through a series of "metering holes" which are drilled through the walls of the riser tubes and located in the interior of the header pipes.

Abstract: An improved gypsum dispersion frothing composition is presented comprised of a first component which is a neutralized sulfonic acid or neutralized sulfuric acid ester and a second component which is a neutralized dipropyl benzene sulfonate or a mixture of neutralized alkyl benzene sulfonates containing at least 50% neutralized dipropyl benzene sulfonate. The preferred member of the first component is neutralized alkyl benzene sulfonates having 10 to 14 alkyl carbon atoms, and the preferred second component is neutralized diisopropyl benzene sulfonate. The preferred neutralizing agents are sodium, ammonium ion, or triethanolamine. The frothing composition is preferably used at a concentration of 0.01 to 0.1 parts per 100 parts of gypsum.